Cocea编写的一款3D地牢游戏例程

作者：@Ignatz

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dDcSU9V

纹理贴图：

@x2

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bnzX7Vx

3D in Codea

http://pan.baidu.com/s/10FBMu

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hqxL6V6

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1sjsJ0kd

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i3vbDPF

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dDByQ0D

截图：

代码：

--# Main
--Dungeon ver 1.0--navigation
--touch left 1/3 of screen to turn left, right 1/3 of screen to turn right
--touch top 1/3 of screen to move forward, bottom 1/3 of screen to go backwards
--touch centre of screen to stop
--touching multiple times speeds up--BUGS
--the navigation could probably be improved
--it is possible to walk through some walls (maybe my map showing which tiles are occupied, is faulty)
--also I think I have a hole in a wall somewheredisplayMode(FULLSCREEN)
supportedOrientations(LANDSCAPE_ANY)function setup()FPS=60M=ReadMap() --see Map tab--set up scene--pass texture, texture scale (0.05 means reduce image by 95%), tile width, and wall heightS=Scene("Dropbox:3D-walls",0.05,M.width,M.height)mapp={} --table which will hold the position of all the walls for collision avoidancefor i=1,M.size.x do mapp[i]={} end --initialise--add walls to mesh--add roomsfor i=1,#M.rooms dofor j,w in pairs(M.rooms[i].walls) doS:AddSideWall(w,mapp)endend--add corridorsfor i=1,#M.corr dofor j,w in pairs(M.corr[i].walls) doS:AddSideWall(w,mapp)endend--images--these are added differently, see Billboard class images={}for u,i in pairs(M.images) doimages[#images+1]=Billboard(i,M.width,M.height,mapp)end--create separate "scene" for floor/ceiling because it has different textureF=Scene("Dropbox:3D-gravel1s",0.05,M.width,M.height)F:AddFloorCeiling(M.floor)--create map we can show on screenMapScale=6 --scaleMapTrans=75 --transparencyMapImg=image(M.size.x*MapScale,M.size.y*MapScale)setContext(MapImg)rectMode(CENTER)pushStyle()fill(255,255,255,MapTrans)for i=1,M.size.x dofor j=1,M.size.y doif mapp[i][j]==1 then rect(i*MapScale,j*MapScale,MapScale,MapScale)endendendpopStyle()setContext()--starting position--deduct 0.5 from x and z so we start in the middle of the specified tile--concert from tile units to pixels--z is made negative, if you don't know why, you should go read up on 3D to avoid great confusionpos=vec3((M.startPos.x-0.5)*M.width,M.startPos.y*M.height,-(M.startPos.z-0.5)*M.width)--player settingsangle=0 --player orientationturnAngle=3 --how much player turns when screen is touched--for smoother turning, when you tap to turn, targetAngle changes, and angle will move towards it..targetAngle=0 ----..the speed with which angle changesangleChange=0.5--"tall" is the height of the camera (sorry about variable names)tall=M.startPos.y--get the light rangerange=M.range--set the flicker as % of total light radiusflicker=0.3--this is added to current position to set the camera directionlook=vec3(0,tall,-1000)lookDist=1000 --this seems to duplicate the look var, need to investigate--velocityvel=vec3(0,0,0) --current speedspeed=0--height of the light we are holdinglightHeight=vec3(0,M.height*0.25,0)--set position of map buttonmapButtonRadius=25mapButton=vec2(WIDTH-mapButtonRadius-5,mapButtonRadius+5)mapShowing=false--create map buttonmapButtonImg=image(mapButtonRadius*2,mapButtonRadius*2)setContext(mapButtonImg)pushStyle()fill(255,255,0,100)ellipse(mapButtonImg.width/2,mapButtonImg.height/2,mapButtonRadius*2)popStyle()setContext()fill(255)fontSize(12)
endfunction draw()background(150)FPS=0.95*FPS+0.05/DeltaTime --FPS is geometric averageperspective()--move towards target angle if we are turningif targetAngle~=angle thenif targetAngle<angle then angle=angle-angleChange else angle=angle+angleChange endChangeVel()end--camera poscamera(pos.x,pos.y,pos.z,pos.x+look.x,look.y,pos.z+look.z)--if we aren't walking into a wall, we can moveif CanMove(pos+vel,mapp) then pos=pos+vel else speed=0 end--set flicker radius using noiselocal u=range*(1+flicker*noise(ElapsedTime))--draw all the wallsS:draw(pos+lightHeight,u) --pass light position and flicker level--draw the floor and roofF:draw(pos+lightHeight,u)--draw billboard images (they are rotated first)for a,i in pairs(images) do i:draw(pos,u)end--draw FPS on screenortho()viewMatrix(matrix())text("FPS="..math.floor(FPS),50,50)--draw map buttonsprite(mapButtonImg,mapButton.x,mapButton.y)DrawMap(pos)
end--check if the square the player is in contains a wall
--there is a bug either in this or in my mapp table because I can 
--sometimes walk through walls :(
function CanMove(v,m) local a=PlayerTile(v)if m[a.x][a.y]==1 then return false else return true end
endfunction PlayerTile(v)return vec2(math.floor(v.x/M.width+1),math.floor(-v.z/M.width+1))
end--handles player movement
function touched(t)--check for map touch firstif t.state==BEGAN thenif  vec2(t.x,t.y):dist(mapButton)<mapButtonRadius thenmapShowing=not mapShowingelseif t.tapCount==2 thenif t.x<WIDTH/3 then targetAngle=targetAngle-90   elseif t.x>WIDTH*2/3 then targetAngle=targetAngle+90end    else       if t.x<WIDTH/3 then targetAngle=targetAngle-turnAngle     elseif t.x>WIDTH*2/3 then targetAngle=targetAngle+turnAngleelseif t.y<HEIGHT/3 then speed=speed-M.walkChangeVel()elseif t.y>HEIGHT*2/3 then speed=speed+M.walk ChangeVel()elseif vec2(WIDTH/2,HEIGHT/2):dist(vec2(t.x,t.y))<150 then speed=0targetAngle=angleChangeVel()endendend
endfunction DrawMap(p)if not mapShowing then return endlocal margin=8local x,y=WIDTH-MapImg.width-margin,mapButtonRadius*2+marginsprite(MapImg,x+MapImg.width/2,y+MapImg.height/2)local a=PlayerTile(p)pushStyle()fill(255,255,0,MapTrans*2)ellipse(x+p.x/M.width*MapScale,y-p.z/M.width*MapScale,MapScale)popStyle()
endfunction ChangeVel()local a=math.rad(angle)local s,c=math.sin(a),math.cos(a)vel.x,vel.z=speed*s,-speed*clook.x,look.z=lookDist*s,-lookDist*c
end--handles billboarded images
Billboard=class()--t is table of image,x,y,z in tile units, then ambient light fraction
--w,h are map.width,map.height, m is mapp table listing all the things the player can't walk through
--we will add the images to this table
function Billboard:init(t,w,h,m)  self.m=mesh()self.width,self.height=w,hm[t[2]][t[4]]=1 --mark this tie as occupiedlocal tex --for imageif type(t[1])=="string" then tex=readImage(t[1]) else tex=t[1] end--set position in centre of tileself.x,self.y,self.z=(t[2]-0.5)*self.width,t[3]*self.height,-(t[4]-0.5)*self.widthself.angle=0 --for rotating to face the playerself.count=0 --on;y rotate every few frames, use this counter--add image to meshself.m:addRect(0,0,tex.width*self.y/tex.height,self.y) self.m.texture=tex--billboards have their own slightly modified shader to handle transparent pixelsself.m.shader=shader(TransTileShader.vertexShader,TransTileShader.fragmentShader)self.m.shader.lightbase=t[5] --set ambient lightendfunction Billboard:draw(p,r) --p is player position, r is current light rangeself.m.shader.pos=p self.m.shader.range=r--adjust rotation every 10 framesself.count=self.count+1if self.count%10==0 then--rotate to face playerlocal dx,dz=self.x-p.x,self.z-p.zself.angle=math.deg(math.atan(dx/-dz))endpushMatrix()translate(self.x,self.y/2,self.z)rotate(-self.angle,0,1,0)self.m.shader.mModel = modelMatrix()self.m:draw()popMatrix()
end--main class for handling map wals, floor, roof
Scene=class()function Scene:init(tex,s,w,h) --tex is image, s is image scaling, w,h are tile size and wall heightself.m=mesh()if type(tex)=="string" then tex=readImage(tex) endself.iw,self.ih=tex.width,tex.heightself.width,self.height=w,hself.v,self.t={},{}self.s=s or 1self.m.texture=texself.m.shader=shader(TileShader.vertexShader,TileShader.fragmentShader)
end--v1,v2,v3,v4 are positions of the four wall corners
function Scene:AddWall(v1,v2,v3,v4)--figure out tex coords, ie which way the wall is pointinglocal d=v2-v1local dx,dyif d.x~=0 then dx=d.x elseif d.y~=0 then dx=d.y else dx=d.z endd=v3-v2if d.x~=0 then dy=d.x elseif d.y~=0 then dy=d.y else dy=d.z end--next bit is important for tiling, calculate texture upper limit as width of mesh / size of scaled imagelocal tx1,tx2=0,math.abs(dx)/self.iw/self.s local ty1,ty2=0,math.abs(dy)/self.ih/self.s--verticeslocal n=#self.vself.v[n+1],self.v[n+2],self.v[n+3],self.v[n+4],self.v[n+5],self.v[n+6]=v1,v2,v3,v3,v4,v1--add to existing mesh vertices which are stored in a "buffer" local b=self.m:buffer("position")b:resize(n+6)for i=1,#self.v do b[i]=self.v[i] end--now the texture mappingslocal n=#self.tself.t[n+1],self.t[n+2],self.t[n+3],self.t[n+4],self.t[n+5],self.t[n+6]=vec2(tx1,ty1),vec2(tx2,ty1),vec2(tx2,ty2),vec2(tx2,ty2),vec2(tx1,ty2),vec2(tx1,ty1)--add to texture bufferlocal b=self.m:buffer("texCoord")b:resize(n+6)for i=1,#self.t do b[i]=self.t[i] endself.m:setColors(color(255))
end--calculates corner vecs for a wall, given a vec4 containing (x1,z1,x2,z2)
function Scene:AddSideWall(v,m) --m is mapp table listing tiles containing wallslocal x1,y1,z1=(v.x-0.5)*self.width,0,-(v.y-0.5)*self.widthlocal x2,y2,z2=(v.z-0.5)*self.width,self.height,-(v.w-0.5)*self.widthself:AddWall(vec3(x1,y1,z1),vec3(x2,y1,z2),vec3(x2,y2,z2),vec3(x1,y2,z1))--update mapp table to show these tiles are occupiedif m thenfor i=math.min(v.x,v.z),math.max(v.x,v.z) dom[i][v.y]=1endfor i=math.min(v.y,v.w),math.max(v.y,v.w) do m[v.x][i]=1endend
end--simpified version of AddSideWall, only this wall is horizontal
function Scene:AddFloorCeiling(v)local x1,z1=(v.x-0.5)*self.width,-(v.y-0.5)*self.widthlocal x2,z2=(v.z-0.5)*self.width,-(v.w-0.5)*self.widthself:AddWall(vec3(x1,0,z1),vec3(x2,0,z1),vec3(x2,0,z2),vec3(x1,0,z2))self:AddWall(vec3(x1,self.height,z1),vec3(x2,self.height,z1),vec3(x2,self.height,z2),vec3(x1,self.height,z2))
end--not used
function Scene:AddLight(v)self.m.shader.light=vec3(v.x*self.width,v.y*self.height,v.z*self.width)
endfunction Scene:draw(p,r)self.m.shader.pos=pself.m.shader.range=rself.m.shader.mModel = modelMatrix()self.m:draw()
end--this shader used by the walls, floor, roof
TileShader = {
vertexShader = [[
uniform mat4 modelViewProjection;
uniform mat4 mModel;
attribute vec4 position;
attribute vec4 color;
attribute vec2 texCoord;
varying lowp vec4 vColor;
varying highp vec2 vTexCoord;
varying highp vec4 vPosition;void main()
{vColor = color;vTexCoord = texCoord;gl_Position = modelViewProjection * position;vPosition = mModel * position; //needed to set light intensity
}]],
fragmentShader = [[
precision highp float;
uniform lowp sampler2D texture;
uniform lowp float range;  //light range
uniform lowp vec3 pos;  //position of player
varying lowp vec4 vColor;
varying highp vec2 vTexCoord;
varying highp vec4 vPosition; //position of current pixel         void main()
{    float f=max(0.,1.0-length( pos - vPosition.xyz ) / range); //light reduces linearly with distance//next is the magic line of code that tiles the image across areas of any size//it is multiplied by the light intensity calculated abovelowp vec4 col = f*texture2D( texture, vec2(mod(vTexCoord.x,1.0), mod(vTexCoord.y,1.0)));col.a=1.0;gl_FragColor =col;
}
]]
}--this shader is used by the images
--the only difference is that transparent pixes are discarded
TransTileShader = {
vertexShader = [[
uniform mat4 modelViewProjection;
uniform mat4 mModel;
attribute vec4 position;
attribute vec4 color;
attribute vec2 texCoord;
varying lowp vec4 vColor;
varying highp vec2 vTexCoord;
varying highp vec4 vPosition;void main()
{vColor = color;vTexCoord = texCoord;gl_Position = modelViewProjection * position;vPosition = mModel * position;
}]],
fragmentShader = [[
precision highp float;
uniform lowp sampler2D texture;
uniform lowp float range;
uniform lowp float lightbase;
uniform lowp vec3 pos;
varying lowp vec4 vColor;
varying highp vec2 vTexCoord;
varying highp vec4 vPosition;          void main()
{    lowp vec4 col = texture2D( texture, vTexCoord );if (col.a==0.0) discard; //this is the only differenceelse {//lightbase below is the ambient light of this object, gives it a glow if you want onefloat f=max(0.,1.0-length( pos - vPosition.xyz ) / range)+lightbase;col = col*f;col.a=1.0;gl_FragColor=col;}
}
]]
}
--# Map
--Dungeon map--this map is organised as a table
--the map is a rectangular grid of squares
--image here: http://i1303.photobucket.com/albums/ag142/ignatz_mouse/dungeon_zpsc89352fc.png--Thinking I would have to cull (ie ony draw stuff directly around the player), I organised the map
--to have corridors between all the rooms. This made it easier to say "if you are in room X, also draw
--corridors "Y and Z". It proved unnecessary - so far. 
--anyway, that is why I have organised the walls by room, and separatey for rooms and corridors--LOCATION OF IMAGES REQUIRED
--https://www.dropbox.com/sh/i7stxdfcnnh8azx/AAByAiTG7oswE7nczwZj4pxUa?dl=0function ReadMap()local map={}map.width=10  --number of pixels per square (not a good variable name!)map.height=20 --height of walls in pixelsmap.size=vec2(82,114) --number of tiles wide and deepmap.startPos=vec3(72,0.5,8) --starting tilemap.walk=0.2  --speed change (pixels/sec) when you touch screenmap.range=100 --range of light, in pixelsmap.rooms,map.corr={},{} --rooms and corridors stored separately--load the map coordinateslocal m,c=map.rooms,map.corrfor i=1,23 do m[i]={} endfor i=1,30 do c[i]={} end--the rooms and corr tables have provision for wall and neighbour settings--I'm only using wall settings, as explained above--room 1--each wall is stored in a vec4 = (x1,z1,x2,z2) in tile units--no need for a y value, we know each wall goes from 0 to map.heightm[1].walls={vec4(64,11,75,11),vec4(75,11,75,4),vec4(61,4,75,4),vec4(61,10,61,4)}--m[1].neighbours={m.corr1}	--this was where I was going to specify neighboursm[2].walls={vec4(41,10,56,10),vec4(56,13,56,10),vec4(40,19,40,13),vec4(40,19,53,19),vec4(56,19,56,16)}m[3].walls={vec4(21,16,21,1),vec4(21,1,30,1),vec4(30,10,30,1),vec4(30,20,30,13),vec4(21,20,30,20),vec4(21,20,21,19)}	m[4].walls={vec4(32,21,34,21),vec4(32,27,32,21),vec4(32,36,32,30),vec4(38,21,40,21),vec4(40,24,40,21),vec4(40,36,40,27),vec4(35,36,40,36)}m[5].walls={vec4(13,33,13,21),vec4(16,21,22,21),vec4(22,27,22,21),vec4(22,39,22,30),vec4(13,39,22,39),vec4(13,39,13,36)}m[6].walls={vec4(8,28,11,28),vec4(11,28,11,21),vec4(5,21,11,21),vec4(5,28,5,21),vec4(5,28,6,28)}m[7].walls={vec4(2,39,2,30),vec4(2,30,6,30),vec4(8,30,11,30),vec4(11,33,11,30),vec4(11,39,11,36),vec4(2,39,11,39)}m[8].walls={vec4(50,39,50,30),vec4(50,30,59,30),vec4(59,45,59,30),vec4(50,45,59,45),vec4(50,45,50,42)}m[9].walls={vec4(23,48,23,47),vec4(23,48,29,48),vec4(32,48,37,48),vec4(37,48,37,41),vec4(35,41,37,41),vec4(23,41,32,41),vec4(23,44,23,41)}m[10].walls={vec4(10,56,16,56),vec4(10,56,10,41),vec4(10,41,19,41),vec4(19,44,19,41),vec4(19,56,19,47)}m[11].walls={vec4(34,68,34,62),vec4(34,68,39,68),vec4(34,59,34,52),vec4(34,52,48,52),vec4(48,59,48,52),vec4(48,68,48,62),vec4(43,68,48,68)}m[12].walls={vec4(61,56,61,50),vec4(61,56,66,56),vec4(69,56,72,56),vec4(72,56,72,41),vec4(67,41,72,41),vec4(61,41,64,41),vec4(61,47,61,41)}m[13].walls={vec4(13,85,19,85),vec4(13,85,13,76),vec4(13,76,16,76),vec4(19,76,27,76),vec4(27,85,27,76),vec4(21,85,27,85)}m[14].walls={vec4(29,91,29,81),vec4(29,81,32,81),vec4(35,81,39,81),vec4(43,81,45,81),vec4(45,87,45,81),vec4(37,91,45,91),vec4(29,91,34,91)}m[15].walls={vec4(50,93,50,91),vec4(50,93,58,93),vec4(50,87,50,84),vec4(50,84,55,84),vec4(59,90,59,84)}m[16].walls={vec4(50,76,50,64),vec4(50,64,61,64),vec4(61,70,61,64),vec4(61,79,61,73),vec4(59,79,61,79),vec4(51,79,55,79)}m[17].walls={vec4(74,99,74,93),vec4(74,99,82,99),vec4(82,99,82,84),vec4(74,84,82,84),vec4(74,90,74,84)}m[18].walls={vec4(50,105,50,99),vec4(50,105,59,105),vec4(59,105,59,96),vec4(51,96,59,96)}m[19].walls={vec4(28,114,28,107),vec4(28,107,34,107),vec4(28,114,34,114),vec4(34,114,34,110),vec4(34,108,34,107)}m[20].walls={vec4(36,111,36,110),vec4(36,111,48,111),vec4(48,111,48,101),vec4(45,101,48,101),vec4(36,101,42,101),vec4(36,108,36,101)}m[21].walls={vec4(63,114,63,104),vec4(63,114,77,114),vec4(77,114,77,104),vec4(69,104,77,104),vec4(63,104,66,104)}m[22].walls={vec4(23,69,23,65),vec4(23,69,27,69),vec4(29,69,30,69),vec4(30,69,30,65),vec4(26,65,30,65),vec4(23,65,24,65)}   m[23].walls={vec4(21,63,24,63),vec4(26,63,27,63),vec4(27,63,27,58),vec4(21,58,27,58),vec4(21,60,21,58)}--corridors nowc[1].walls={vec4(56,13,61, 13),vec4(61,13,61, 10),vec4(56,16,64, 16),vec4(64,16,64, 11)}c[2].walls={vec4(38,13,40, 13),vec4(38,21,38, 13),vec4(34,21,34, 13),vec4(30,13,34, 13),vec4(30,10,41, 10)}	c[3].walls={vec4(16,19,21,19),vec4(16,21,16,19),vec4(13,16,21,16),vec4(13,21,13,16)}c[4].walls={vec4(53,24,53,19),vec4(56,24,56,19),vec4(40,24,53,24),vec4(56,24,67,24),vec4(40,27,64,27),vec4(64,41,64,27),vec4(67,41,67,24)}c[5].walls={vec4(8,30,8,28),vec4(6,30,6,28)}c[6].walls={vec4(22,27,32,27),vec4(22,30,32,30)}c[7].walls={vec4(32,41,32,36),vec4(35,41,35,36)}c[8].walls={vec4(19,47,23,47),vec4(19,44,23,44)}c[9].walls={vec4(29,62,29,48),vec4(32,59,32,48),vec4(29,62,34,62),vec4(32,59,34,59)}c[10].walls={vec4(48,59,53,59),vec4(48,62,56,62),vec4(56,62,56,50),vec4(53,59,53,50),vec4(56,50,61,50),vec4(45,50,53,50),vec4(45,50,45,39),vec4(45,39,50,39),vec4(48,42,50,42),vec4(48,47,48,42),vec4(48,47,61,47)}   c[11].walls={vec4(66,70,66,56),vec4(69,77,69,56),vec4(66,77,66,73),vec4(61,73,66,73),vec4(61,70,66,70)}    c[12].walls={vec4(66,90,66,78),vec4(69,90,69,79)}c[13].walls={vec4(69,93,74,93),vec4(69,90,74,90)}   c[14].walls={vec4(58,93,66,93),vec4(59,90,66,90)}  c[15].walls={vec4(45,91,50,91),vec4(45,87,50,87)}   c[16].walls={vec4(19,88,19,85),vec4(21,88,21,85)}c[17].walls={vec4(43,79,51,79),vec4(43,76,50,76)}c[18].walls={vec4(16,76,16,56),vec4(19,60,19,56),vec4(19,70,19,63),vec4(19,76,19,73)}c[19].walls={vec4(19,63,21,63),vec4(19,60,21,60)}c[20].walls={vec4(19,73,32,73),vec4(19,70,27,70),vec4(29,70,35,70),vec4(35,81,35,70),vec4(32,81,32,73)}c[21].walls={vec4(39,81,39,68),vec4(43,81,43,79),vec4(43,76,43,68)}c[22].walls={vec4(34,99,34,91),vec4(34,99,42,99),vec4(37,96,50,96),vec4(45,99,50,99),vec4(37,96,42,96)}c[23].walls={vec4(42,101,42,99),vec4(45,101,45,99)}c[24].walls={vec4(34,110,36,110),vec4(34,108,36,108)}c[25].walls={vec4(66,104,66,93),vec4(69,104,69,93)}c[26].walls={vec4(55,84,55,79),vec4(59,84,59,79)}c[27].walls={vec4(69,79,72,79),vec4(69,77,72,77)}c[28].walls={vec4(24,65,24,63),vec4(26,65,26,63)}c[29].walls={vec4(11,36,13,36),vec4(11,33,13,33)}c[30].walls={vec4(27,70,27,69),vec4(29,70,29,69)}--floor coords, wil be used for roof toomap.floor=vec4(2,1,82,114)--set of images to be billboarded--table contains image, x, y, z, s--where x,z are tile positions, y is fraction of map.height--and s is ambient lighting, 0 for none, 1 for bright, this property makes them glow in the darkmap.images={{readImage("Dropbox:Gargoyle"),53,0.5,16,0.2},{readImage("Dropbox:Gargoyle"),53,0.5,14,0.2},{readImage("Dropbox:Buddha1"),34,0.5,23,0.2},{readImage("Dropbox:Buddha2"),36,0.5,11,0.4}}return map
end