本文主要是介绍【七夕情人节特效】-- canvas实现满屏爱心,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
Canvas简介:
Canvas是HTML5的一个新特性,canvas又叫做画板。我们可以在canvas上绘制我们需要的图形。anvas本身是一个HTML元素,需要HTML元素的配合高度和宽度属性而定义出的一块可绘制区域,定义区域之后使用JavaScript的脚本绘制图像的HTML元素。
- canvas 是一个矩形区域的
画布
,可以用 JavaScript 在上面绘画。控制其每一个像素。 - canvas 标签使用 JavaScript 在网页上绘制图像,本身不具备绘图功能。
- canvas 拥有多种绘制路径、矩形、圆形、字符以及添加图像的方法。
- HTML5 之前的 web 页面只能用一些固定样式的标签:比如 p、div、h1 等
- canvas是原生js对象,不建议使用jq
作用:它可以基本的绘制图形,进一步的制作照片,绘制动画,更进一步可以处理和渲染视频。
canvas有两个属性,一个是宽度(width),一个是高度(height)。宽度和高度可以使用内联的属性,如下所示:
<canvas width="300px" height="150px" id="canvas">This is Canvas<img src="./backup.jpg" alt=""> </canvas>
注意:低版本浏览器可能会不支持,且结尾的</canvas>标签不可省略。
没有设置宽高的画布默认width=300px;height=150px;
Canvas小案例:
满屏爱心滚动出现效果:
实现代码如下;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>七夕520爱心表白</title><style>*{margin:0; padding:0;}body{ background-color: #1E1E1E; }</style>
</head>
<body><canvas id="drawHeart"></canvas><script>var hearts = [];var canvas = document.getElementById('drawHeart');var wW = window.innerWidth;var wH = window.innerHeight;// 创建画布var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');// 创建图片对象var heartImage = new Image();heartImage.src = 'img/heart.svg';var num = 100;init();window.addEventListener('resize', function(){wW = window.innerWidth;wH = window.innerHeight;});// 初始化画布大小function init(){canvas.width = wW;canvas.height = wH;for(var i = 0; i < num; i++){hearts.push(new Heart(i%5));}requestAnimationFrame(render);}function getColor(){var val = Math.random() * 10;if(val > 0 && val <= 1){return '#00f';} else if(val > 1 && val <= 2){return '#f00';} else if(val > 2 && val <= 3){return '#0f0';} else if(val > 3 && val <= 4){return '#368';} else if(val > 4 && val <= 5){return '#666';} else if(val > 5 && val <= 6){return '#333';} else if(val > 6 && val <= 7){return '#f50';} else if(val > 7 && val <= 8){return '#e96d5b';} else if(val > 8 && val <= 9){return '#5be9e9';} else {return '#d41d50';}}function getText(){var val = Math.random() * 10;if(val > 1 && val <= 3){return 'always';} else if(val > 3 && val <= 5){return 'zzy';} else if(val > 5 && val <= 8){return 'taylor swift';} else{return 'I Love You';}}function Heart(type){this.type = type;// 初始化生成范围this.x = Math.random() * wW;this.y = Math.random() * wH;this.opacity = Math.random() * .5 + .5;// 偏移量this.vel = {x: (Math.random() - .5) * 5,y: (Math.random() - .5) * 5}this.initialW = wW * .5;this.initialH = wH * .5;// 缩放比例this.targetScale = Math.random() * .15 + .02; // 最小0.02this.scale = Math.random() * this.targetScale;// 文字位置this.fx = Math.random() * wW;this.fy = Math.random() * wH;this.fs = Math.random() * 10;this.text = getText();this.fvel = {x: (Math.random() - .5) * 5,y: (Math.random() - .5) * 5,f: (Math.random() - .5) * 2}}Heart.prototype.draw = function(){ctx.save();ctx.globalAlpha = this.opacity;ctx.drawImage(heartImage, this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height);ctx.scale(this.scale + 1, this.scale + 1);if(!this.type){// 设置文字属性ctx.fillStyle = getColor();ctx.font = 'italic ' + this.fs + 'px sans-serif';// 填充字符串ctx.fillText(this.text, this.fx, this.fy);}ctx.restore();}Heart.prototype.update = function(){this.x += this.vel.x;this.y += this.vel.y;if(this.x - this.width > wW || this.x + this.width < 0){// 重新初始化位置this.scale = 0;this.x = Math.random() * wW;this.y = Math.random() * wH;}if(this.y - this.height > wH || this.y + this.height < 0){// 重新初始化位置this.scale = 0;this.x = Math.random() * wW;this.y = Math.random() * wH;}// 放大this.scale += (this.targetScale - this.scale) * .1;this.height = this.scale * this.initialH;this.width = this.height * 1.4;// -----文字-----this.fx += this.fvel.x;this.fy += this.fvel.y;this.fs += this.fvel.f;if(this.fs > 50){this.fs = 2;}if(this.fx - this.fs > wW || this.fx + this.fs < 0){// 重新初始化位置this.fx = Math.random() * wW;this.fy = Math.random() * wH;}if(this.fy - this.fs > wH || this.fy + this.fs < 0){// 重新初始化位置this.fx = Math.random() * wW;this.fy = Math.random() * wH;}}function render(){ctx.clearRect(0, 0, wW, wH);for(var i = 0; i < hearts.length; i++){hearts[i].draw();hearts[i].update();}requestAnimationFrame(render);}</script>
</body>
</html>
将以下代码命名为 heart.svg 与上面的html存放在同一级文件目录中即可打开运行。
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="473.8px" height="408.6px" viewBox="0 0 473.8 408.6"><path fill="#d32932" d="M404.6,16.6C385.4,6.1,363.5,0,340,0c-41.5,0-78.5,18.9-103,48.5C212.3,18.9,175.3,0,133.8,0 c-23.3,0-45.3,6.1-64.5,16.6C27.9,39.5,0,83.4,0,133.9c0,14.4,2.4,28.3,6.6,41.2C29.6,278.4,237,408.6,237,408.6 s207.2-130.2,230.2-233.5c4.3-12.9,6.6-26.8,6.6-41.2C473.8,83.4,445.9,39.6,404.6,16.6z"/></svg>
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