本文主要是介绍MySQL NDB Cluster 分布式架构搭建 自定义启动、重启和关闭集群Shell脚本，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
此次NDB Cluster使用三台虚拟机进行搭建，一台作为管理节点；而对于另外两台服务器，每一台都充当着数据节点和SQL节点的角色。注意不是MGR主从复制架构，而是分布式MySQL架构。
创建 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini Cluster全局配置文件
[NDBD DEFAULT]
NoOfReplicas =2
DataMemory = 512M
MaxNoOfExecutionThreads = 4
[NDB_MGMD]
NodeId=1
hostname =192.168.182.102
datadir =/var/lib/mysql-cluster
[NDBD]
NodeId =2
hostname =192.168.182.103
datadir =/usr/local/mysql-cluster/data
[NDBD]
NodeId =3
hostname =192.168.182.104
datadir =/usr/local/mysql-cluster/data
[mysqld]
NodeId =4
hostname =192.168.182.103
[mysqld]
NodeId =5
hostname =192.168.182.104
在管理节点中执行以下命令，初始化管理节点（注意mysql cluster路径是固定的，否则会报错）
/usr/local/mysql/mysql-cluster/bin/ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini --initial --ndb-nodeid=1创建 /etc/my.cnf mysql配置文件
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql-cluster
datadir=/usr/local/mysql-cluster/data
socket=/usr/local/mysql-cluster/sock/mysql.sock
user=hadoop
symbolic-links=0
ndbcluster
ndb-connectstring=192.168.182.102
port=3306[mysql_cluster]
ndb-connectstring=192.168.182.102[ndbd]
ndb-connectstring=192.168.182.102[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql-cluster/logs/mysql.pid
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql-cluster/logs/error.log[mysql]
socket=/usr/local/mysql-cluster/sock/mysql.sock
#
## include all files from the config directory
##
#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
在初始化mysqld之前，需要将data、logs、sock文件夹创建完毕，否则无法初始化
[hadoop@hadoop103 mysql-cluster]$ pwd
/usr/local/mysql-cluster
[hadoop@hadoop103 mysql-cluster]$ ls
bin docs include lib LICENSE man README share support-files
[hadoop@hadoop103 mysql-cluster]$ mkdir data
[hadoop@hadoop103 mysql-cluster]$ mkdir sock
[hadoop@hadoop103 mysql-cluster]$ mkdir logs初始化mysqld，同时没有对root账号设置密码
[hadoop@hadoop103 mysql-cluster]$ bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=hadoop
2024-03-01T22:50:53.201408Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010139] [Server] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 8161)
2024-03-01T22:50:53.201412Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010142] [Server] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 4000)
2024-03-01T22:50:53.202613Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
2024-03-01T22:50:53.202952Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql-cluster/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.36-cluster) initializing of server in progress as process 2947
2024-03-01T22:50:53.211541Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2024-03-01T22:50:53.873353Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2024-03-01T22:50:54.189948Z 0 [System] [MY-010865] [NDB] '--initialize' -> ndbcluster plugin disabled
2024-03-01T22:50:55.344321Z 6 [Warning] [MY-010453] [Server] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.
[hadoop@hadoop103 mysql-cluster]$ sudo cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[hadoop@hadoop103 mysql-cluster]$ sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld再初始化初始化数据节点，注意此时初始化完毕会自动连接到管理节点
[hadoop@hadoop103 mysql-cluster]$ bin/ndbd --initial
2024-03-02 06:51:57 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel connected to '192.168.182.102:1186'
2024-03-02 06:51:57 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel allocated nodeid: 2集群目前连接情况
[hadoop@hadoop102 mysql-cluster]$ bin/ndb_mgm -e show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2 @192.168.182.103 (mysql-8.0.36 ndb-8.0.36, starting, Nodegroup: 0)
id=3 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.182.104)[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1 @192.168.182.102 (mysql-8.0.36 ndb-8.0.36)[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id=4 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.182.103)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.182.104)
注意SQL节点需要在数据节点全部启动后，才能开始启动，所以别着急启动mysqld
同时为了防止在之后停止mysqld的时候，出现rm: cannot remove '/var/lock/subsys/mysql': Permission denied报错，导致后续无法启动mysqld，需要修改该文件夹的权限
sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /var/lock/subsys第三台服务器操作同第二台操作一致。在第三台服务器完成数据节点初始化之后，便可以启动两个SQL节点。整个集群启动成功后的连接情况如下
[hadoop@hadoop102 mysql-cluster]$ bin/ndb_mgm -e show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2 @192.168.182.103 (mysql-8.0.36 ndb-8.0.36, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3 @192.168.182.104 (mysql-8.0.36 ndb-8.0.36, Nodegroup: 0)[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1 @192.168.182.102 (mysql-8.0.36 ndb-8.0.36)[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id=4 @192.168.182.103 (mysql-8.0.36 ndb-8.0.36)
id=5 @192.168.182.104 (mysql-8.0.36 ndb-8.0.36)为了测试集群是否能够正常存储数据，需要在SQL节点中设置MySQL远程连接配置。在这里我创建了一个名为hadoop的用户，并赋予全部操作权限
[hadoop@hadoop103 mysql-cluster]$ bin/mysql -urootmysql> CREATE USER 'hadoop'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'hadoop'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
在Navicat中测试连接情况
以下是自定义的集群启动Shell脚本
#!/bin/bash/usr/local/mysql/mysql-cluster/bin/ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini --config-cache=FALSE --ndb-nodeid=1ssh hadoop103 /usr/local/mysql-cluster/bin/ndbd
ssh hadoop104 /usr/local/mysql-cluster/bin/ndbdPASSWORD=123456
echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S ssh -t root@hadoop103 'service mysqld start'
echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S ssh -t root@hadoop104 'service mysqld start'
以下是自定义的关闭集群Shell脚本
#!/bin/bash# 定义要查找的端口号
PORT=1186PASSWORD=123456
# 使用 lsof 命令查找占用指定端口的进程，并提取进程 ID
PID=$(echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S lsof -t -i:$PORT)# 检查是否找到了进程 ID
if [ -z "$PID" ]; thenecho "未找到占用端口 $PORT 的进程"
else# 使用 kill 命令终止进程/usr/local/mysql/mysql-cluster/bin/ndb_mgm -e shutdownecho $PASSWORD | sudo -S kill -9 $PIDecho "已终止进程 $PID"
fi# 使用 lsof 命令查找占用指定端口的进程，并提取进程 ID
PID=$(echo $PASSWORD | sudo lsof -t -i:$PORT)# 检查是否找到了进程 ID
if [ -z "$PID" ]; thenecho "未找到占用端口 $PORT 的进程, the cluster will start"echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S ssh -t root@hadoop103 'service mysqld stop'echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S ssh -t root@hadoop104 'service mysqld stop'
else# 使用 kill 命令终止进程echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S kill -9 $PIDecho "已终止进程 $PID"
fi以下是自定义的集群重启Shell脚本（前提是hadoop102的root用户已经将ssh密钥分配给hadoop103和hadoop104的root用户，否则还需要输入密码；本机sudo不需要输入密码的前提是/etc/sudoers配置了该用户）
#!/bin/bash# 定义要查找的端口号
PORT=1186PASSWORD=123456
# 使用 lsof 命令查找占用指定端口的进程，并提取进程 ID
PID=$(echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S lsof -t -i:$PORT)# 检查是否找到了进程 ID
if [ -z "$PID" ]; thenecho "未找到占用端口 $PORT 的进程"
else# 使用 kill 命令终止进程/usr/local/mysql/mysql-cluster/bin/ndb_mgm -e shutdownecho $PASSWORD | sudo -S kill -9 $PIDecho "已终止进程 $PID"
fi# 使用 lsof 命令查找占用指定端口的进程，并提取进程 ID
PID=$(echo $PASSWORD | sudo lsof -t -i:$PORT)# 检查是否找到了进程 ID
if [ -z "$PID" ]; thenecho "未找到占用端口 $PORT 的进程, the cluster will start"/usr/local/mysql/mysql-cluster/bin/ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini --config-cache=FALSE --ndb-nodeid=1ssh hadoop103 /usr/local/mysql-cluster/bin/ndbdssh hadoop104 /usr/local/mysql-cluster/bin/ndbdecho $PASSWORD | sudo -S ssh -t root@hadoop103 'service mysqld restart'echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S ssh -t root@hadoop104 'service mysqld restart'
else# 使用 kill 命令终止进程echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S kill -9 $PIDecho "已终止进程 $PID"
fi
以下是集群重启的日志与结果
[hadoop@hadoop102 mysql-cluster]$ ./restart.sh
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
3 NDB Cluster node(s) have shutdown.
Disconnecting to allow management server to shutdown.
已终止进程 3123
未找到占用端口 1186 的进程, the cluster will start
MySQL Cluster Management Server mysql-8.0.36 ndb-8.0.36
2024-03-02 07:20:42 [MgmtSrvr] INFO -- Skipping check of config directory since config cache is disabled.
2024-03-02 07:20:42 [MgmtSrvr] WARNING -- at line 4: [DB] IndexMemory is deprecated, will use Number bytes on each ndbd(DB) node allocated for storing indexes instead
2024-03-02 07:20:42 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel connected to '192.168.182.102:1186'
2024-03-02 07:20:42 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel allocated nodeid: 2
2024-03-02 07:20:42 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel connected to '192.168.182.102:1186'
2024-03-02 07:20:42 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel allocated nodeid: 3
Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because stdin is not a terminal.
Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!
Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because stdin is not a terminal.
Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS! 参考链接
MySQL Cluster集群搭建-CSDN博客
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