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目录
往期
1 -> 带头+双向+循环链表(双链表)
1.1 -> 接口声明
1.2 -> 接口实现
1.2.1 -> 双向链表初始化
1.2.2 -> 动态申请一个结点
1.2.3 -> 双向链表销毁
1.2.4 -> 双向链表打印
1.2.5 -> 双向链表判空
1.2.6 -> 双向链表尾插
1.2.7 -> 双向链表尾删
1.2.8 -> 双向链表头插
1.2.9 -> 双向链表头删
1.2.10 -> 双向链表查找
1.2.11 -> 双向链表在pos的前面进行插入
1.2.12 -> 双向链表删除pos位置的节点
2 -> 顺序表和链表的区别
3 -> 完整代码
3.1 -> List.c
3.2 -> List.h
3.3 -> Test.c
往期
链表-单链表
1 -> 带头+双向+循环链表(双链表)
1.1 -> 接口声明
#pragma once#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>// 带头+双向+循环链表增删查改实现
typedef int LTDataType;typedef struct LTNode
{LTDataType data;struct LTNode* next;struct LTNode* prev;
}LTNode;// 双向链表初始化
LTNode* LTInit();// 动态申请一个结点
LTNode* BuyLTNode(LTDataType x);// 双向链表销毁
void LTDestory(LTNode* phead);// 双向链表打印
void LTPrint(LTNode* phead);// 双向链表判空
bool LTEmpty(LTNode* phead);// 双向链表尾插
void LTPushBack(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x);// 双向链表尾删
void LTPopBack(LTNode* phead);// 双向链表头插
void LTPushFront(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x);// 双向链表头删
void LTPopFront(LTNode* phead);// 双向链表查找
LTNode* LTFind(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x);// 双向链表在pos的前面进行插入
void LTInsert(LTNode* pos, LTDataType x);// 双向链表删除pos位置的节点
void LTErase(LTNode* pos);
1.2 -> 接口实现
1.2.1 -> 双向链表初始化
// 双向链表初始化
LTNode* LTInit()
{LTNode* phead = BuyLTNode(-1);phead->next = phead;phead->prev = phead;return phead;
}
1.2.2 -> 动态申请一个结点
// 动态申请一个结点
LTNode* BuyLTNode(LTDataType x)
{LTNode* newnode = (LTNode*)malloc(sizeof(LTNode));if (newnode == NULL){perror("malloc fail");return NULL;}newnode->data = x;newnode->next = NULL;newnode->prev = NULL;return newnode;
}
1.2.3 -> 双向链表销毁
// 双向链表销毁
void LTDestory(LTNode* phead)
{assert(phead);LTNode* cur = phead->next;while (cur != phead){LTNode* next = cur->next;free(cur);cur = next;}free(phead);
}
1.2.4 -> 双向链表打印
// 双向链表打印
void LTPrint(LTNode* phead)
{assert(phead);printf("guard<==>");LTNode* cur = phead->next;while (cur != phead){printf("%d<==>", cur->data);cur = cur->next;}printf("\n");
}
1.2.5 -> 双向链表判空
// 双向链表判空
bool LTEmpty(LTNode* phead)
{assert(phead);return phead->next == phead;
}
1.2.6 -> 双向链表尾插
// 双向链表尾插
void LTPushBack(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x)
{assert(phead);LTNode* tail = phead->prev;LTNode* newnode = BuyLTNode(x);tail->next = newnode;newnode->prev = tail;newnode->next = phead;phead->prev = newnode;// 复用// LTInsert(phead, x);
}
// 尾插测试
void Test1()
{LTNode* plist = LTInit();LTPushBack(plist, 1);LTPushBack(plist, 2);LTPushBack(plist, 3);LTPushBack(plist, 4);LTPushBack(plist, 5);LTPrint(plist);LTDestory(plist);plist = NULL;
}
1.2.7 -> 双向链表尾删
// 双向链表尾删
void LTPopBack(LTNode* phead)
{assert(phead);assert(!LTEmpty(phead));LTNode* tail = phead->prev;LTNode* tailPrev = tail->prev;free(tail);tailPrev->next = phead;phead->prev = tailPrev;// 复用// LTErase(phead->prev);
}
// 尾删测试
void Test2()
{LTNode* plist = LTInit();LTPushBack(plist, 1);LTPushBack(plist, 2);LTPushBack(plist, 3);LTPushBack(plist, 4);LTPushBack(plist, 5);LTPrint(plist);LTPopBack(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopBack(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopBack(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopBack(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopBack(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTDestory(plist);plist = NULL;
}
1.2.8 -> 双向链表头插
// 双向链表头插
void LTPushFront(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x)
{assert(phead);LTNode* newnode = BuyLTNode(x);newnode->next = phead->next;phead->next->prev = newnode;phead->next = newnode;newnode->prev = phead;// 复用// LTInsert(phead->next, x);
}
// 头插测试
void Test3()
{LTNode* plist = LTInit();LTPushFront(plist, 1);LTPushFront(plist, 2);LTPushFront(plist, 3);LTPushFront(plist, 4);LTPushFront(plist, 5);LTPrint(plist);LTDestory(plist);plist = NULL;
}
1.2.9 -> 双向链表头删
// 双向链表头删
void LTPopFront(LTNode* phead)
{assert(phead);assert(!LTEmpty(phead));LTNode* first = phead->next;LTNode* second = first->next;phead->next = second;second->prev = phead;free(first);// 复用// LTErase(phead->next);
}
// 头删测试
void Test4()
{LTNode* plist = LTInit();LTPushBack(plist, 1);LTPushBack(plist, 2);LTPushBack(plist, 3);LTPushBack(plist, 4);LTPushBack(plist, 5);LTPrint(plist);LTPopFront(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopFront(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopFront(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopFront(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopFront(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTDestory(plist);plist = NULL;
}
1.2.10 -> 双向链表查找
// 双向链表查找
LTNode* LTFind(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x)
{assert(phead);LTNode* cur = phead->next;while (cur != phead){if (cur->data == x){return cur;}cur = cur->next;}return NULL;
}
1.2.11 -> 双向链表在pos的前面进行插入
// 双向链表在pos的前面进行插入
void LTInsert(LTNode* pos, LTDataType x)
{assert(pos);LTNode* prev = pos->prev;LTNode* newnode = BuyLTNode(x);prev->next = newnode;newnode->prev = prev;newnode->next = pos;pos->prev = newnode;
}
// 查找插入测试
void Test5()
{LTNode* plist = LTInit();LTPushBack(plist, 1);LTPushBack(plist, 2);LTPushBack(plist, 3);LTPushBack(plist, 4);LTPushBack(plist, 5);LTPrint(plist);LTNode* pos = LTFind(plist, 3);if (pos)LTInsert(pos, 99);LTPrint(plist);LTDestory(plist);plist = NULL;
}
1.2.12 -> 双向链表删除pos位置的节点
// 双向链表删除pos位置的节点
void LTErase(LTNode* pos)
{assert(pos);LTNode* posPrev = pos->prev;LTNode* posNext = pos->next;posPrev->next = posNext;posNext->prev = posPrev;free(pos);
}
2 -> 顺序表和链表的区别
不同点 | 顺序表 | 链表 |
存储空间上 | 物理上一定连续 | 逻辑上连续,但物理上不一定连续 |
随机访问 | 支持O(1) | 不支持:O(N) |
任意位置插入或者删除元素 | 可能需要搬移元素,效率低O(N) | 只需修改指针指向 |
插入 | 动态顺序表,空间不够时需要扩容 | 没有容量的概念 |
应用场景 | 元素高效存储+频繁访问 | 任意位置插入和删除频繁 |
缓存利用率 | 高 | 低 |
注:缓存利用率参考存储体系结构以及局部原理性。
3 -> 完整代码
3.1 -> List.c
#include "List.h"// 双向链表初始化
LTNode* LTInit()
{LTNode* phead = BuyLTNode(-1);phead->next = phead;phead->prev = phead;return phead;
}// 动态申请一个结点
LTNode* BuyLTNode(LTDataType x)
{LTNode* newnode = (LTNode*)malloc(sizeof(LTNode));if (newnode == NULL){perror("malloc fail");return NULL;}newnode->data = x;newnode->next = NULL;newnode->prev = NULL;return newnode;
}// 双向链表销毁
void LTDestory(LTNode* phead)
{assert(phead);LTNode* cur = phead->next;while (cur != phead){LTNode* next = cur->next;free(cur);cur = next;}free(phead);
}// 双向链表打印
void LTPrint(LTNode* phead)
{assert(phead);printf("guard<==>");LTNode* cur = phead->next;while (cur != phead){printf("%d<==>", cur->data);cur = cur->next;}printf("\n");
}// 双向链表判空
bool LTEmpty(LTNode* phead)
{assert(phead);return phead->next == phead;
}// 双向链表尾插
void LTPushBack(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x)
{assert(phead);LTNode* tail = phead->prev;LTNode* newnode = BuyLTNode(x);tail->next = newnode;newnode->prev = tail;newnode->next = phead;phead->prev = newnode;// 复用// LTInsert(phead, x);
}// 双向链表尾删
void LTPopBack(LTNode* phead)
{assert(phead);assert(!LTEmpty(phead));LTNode* tail = phead->prev;LTNode* tailPrev = tail->prev;free(tail);tailPrev->next = phead;phead->prev = tailPrev;// 复用// LTErase(phead->prev);
}// 双向链表头插
void LTPushFront(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x)
{assert(phead);LTNode* newnode = BuyLTNode(x);newnode->next = phead->next;phead->next->prev = newnode;phead->next = newnode;newnode->prev = phead;// 复用// LTInsert(phead->next, x);
}// 双向链表头删
void LTPopFront(LTNode* phead)
{assert(phead);assert(!LTEmpty(phead));LTNode* first = phead->next;LTNode* second = first->next;phead->next = second;second->prev = phead;free(first);// 复用// LTErase(phead->next);
}// 双向链表查找
LTNode* LTFind(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x)
{assert(phead);LTNode* cur = phead->next;while (cur != phead){if (cur->data == x){return cur;}cur = cur->next;}return NULL;
}// 双向链表在pos的前面进行插入
void LTInsert(LTNode* pos, LTDataType x)
{assert(pos);LTNode* prev = pos->prev;LTNode* newnode = BuyLTNode(x);prev->next = newnode;newnode->prev = prev;newnode->next = pos;pos->prev = newnode;
}// 双向链表删除pos位置的节点
void LTErase(LTNode* pos)
{assert(pos);LTNode* posPrev = pos->prev;LTNode* posNext = pos->next;posPrev->next = posNext;posNext->prev = posPrev;free(pos);
}
3.2 -> List.h
#pragma once#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>// 带头+双向+循环链表增删查改实现
typedef int LTDataType;typedef struct LTNode
{LTDataType data;struct LTNode* next;struct LTNode* prev;
}LTNode;// 双向链表初始化
LTNode* LTInit();// 动态申请一个结点
LTNode* BuyLTNode(LTDataType x);// 双向链表销毁
void LTDestory(LTNode* phead);// 双向链表打印
void LTPrint(LTNode* phead);// 双向链表判空
bool LTEmpty(LTNode* phead);// 双向链表尾插
void LTPushBack(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x);// 双向链表尾删
void LTPopBack(LTNode* phead);// 双向链表头插
void LTPushFront(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x);// 双向链表头删
void LTPopFront(LTNode* phead);// 双向链表查找
LTNode* LTFind(LTNode* phead, LTDataType x);// 双向链表在pos的前面进行插入
void LTInsert(LTNode* pos, LTDataType x);// 双向链表删除pos位置的节点
void LTErase(LTNode* pos);
3.3 -> Test.c
#include "List.h"// 尾插测试
void Test1()
{LTNode* plist = LTInit();LTPushBack(plist, 1);LTPushBack(plist, 2);LTPushBack(plist, 3);LTPushBack(plist, 4);LTPushBack(plist, 5);LTPrint(plist);LTDestory(plist);plist = NULL;
}// 尾删测试
void Test2()
{LTNode* plist = LTInit();LTPushBack(plist, 1);LTPushBack(plist, 2);LTPushBack(plist, 3);LTPushBack(plist, 4);LTPushBack(plist, 5);LTPrint(plist);LTPopBack(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopBack(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopBack(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopBack(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopBack(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTDestory(plist);plist = NULL;
}// 头插测试
void Test3()
{LTNode* plist = LTInit();LTPushFront(plist, 1);LTPushFront(plist, 2);LTPushFront(plist, 3);LTPushFront(plist, 4);LTPushFront(plist, 5);LTPrint(plist);LTDestory(plist);plist = NULL;
}// 头删测试
void Test4()
{LTNode* plist = LTInit();LTPushBack(plist, 1);LTPushBack(plist, 2);LTPushBack(plist, 3);LTPushBack(plist, 4);LTPushBack(plist, 5);LTPrint(plist);LTPopFront(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopFront(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopFront(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopFront(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTPopFront(plist);LTPrint(plist);LTDestory(plist);plist = NULL;
}// 查找插入测试
void Test5()
{LTNode* plist = LTInit();LTPushBack(plist, 1);LTPushBack(plist, 2);LTPushBack(plist, 3);LTPushBack(plist, 4);LTPushBack(plist, 5);LTPrint(plist);LTNode* pos = LTFind(plist, 3);if (pos)LTInsert(pos, 99);LTPrint(plist);LTDestory(plist);plist = NULL;
}int main()
{return 0;
}
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互三啦!!!
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