使用scrapy再次爬取猫眼前100榜单电影

本文主要是介绍使用scrapy再次爬取猫眼前100榜单电影，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

前提：

记得去年5月份左右的时候写过一篇使用Requests方法来爬取猫眼榜单电影的文章，今天偶然翻到了这篇文章，又恰巧最近在学scrapy框架进行爬虫，于是决定饶有兴趣的使用scrapy框架再次进行爬取。

说明：

如图所示，这次爬取的猫眼榜单网页链接内容大致如下（图1-1），这次需要爬取的信息分别是电影名称、主演、上映时间、电影评分和电影图片链接，然后将获取的电影图片下载保存到本地，如图1-2所示。

图1-1

图1-2

爬虫解析:

1、首先使用谷歌浏览器打开网页，然后按下键盘“F12”进入开发者工具调试界面，选择左上角的箭头图标，然后鼠标移至一个电影名处，就可以定位到该元素源代码的具体位置，定位到元素的源代码之后，可以从源代码中读出改元素的属性，如图2-1所示：

图2-1

2、从上图可以看出，我们需要的信息隐藏在这个节点和属性值中，接下来就是如何获取到这些节点信息和属性值的问题，这里最简答的方法就是选择一个节点后，右击鼠标选择“Copy-Copy Xpath”,通过xpath方法来定位元素来获取信息。具体的xpath定位元素的使用方法，可自行百度进行学习。

代码：

spider文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from maoyan.items import MaoyanItem
import urllibclass Top100Spider(scrapy.Spider):name = 'top_100'allowed_domains = ['trade.maoyan.com']start_urls = ['https://trade.maoyan.com/board/4']def parse(self, response):#passdd_list = response.xpath('//dl[@class="board-wrapper"]/dd')for dd in dd_list:item = MaoyanItem()item['name'] = dd.xpath('./a/@title').extract_first()  #电影名称item['starring'] = dd.xpath('./div/div/div/p[2]/text()').extract_first() #电影主演if item['starring'] is not None:item['starring'] = item['starring'].strip()item['releasetime']  = dd.xpath('./div/div/div/p[3]/text()').extract_first() #电影上映时间#item['image'] = 'https://trade.maoyan.com/' + dd.xpath('./a/@href').extract_first() #电影图片score_one = dd.xpath('./div/div/div[2]/p/i[1]/text()').extract_first()  #评分前半部分score_two = dd.xpath('./div/div/div[2]/p/i[2]/text()').extract_first()    #评分后半部分item['score'] = score_one + score_two#print(item)url = 'https://trade.maoyan.com' + dd.xpath('./a/@href').extract_first() #电影详情页yield scrapy.Request(url,callback= self.parse_datail,meta= {'item':item})#获取下一页网页信息next_page = response.xpath('//div[@class="pager-main"]/ul/li/a[contains(text(), "下一页")]/@href').extract_first()if next_page is not None:print('当前爬取的网页链接是:%s'%next_page)new_ilnk = urllib.parse.urljoin(response.url, next_page)yield scrapy.Request(new_ilnk,callback=self.parse,)def parse_datail(self,response):item = response.meta['item']item['image'] = response.xpath('//div[@class ="celeInfo-left"]/div/img/@src').extract_first() #获取图片链接yield item# print('当前获取的信息')# print(item)

item.py代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.htmlimport scrapyclass MaoyanItem(scrapy.Item):# define the fields for your item here like:# name = scrapy.Field()#passname = scrapy.Field()   #电影名starring  = scrapy.Field()  #主演releasetime = scrapy.Field()  #上映时间image  = scrapy.Field()  #电影图片链接score = scrapy.Field()   #电影评分

`pipelines.py代码`

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.htmlfrom scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
import scrapy
from scrapy.exceptions import DropItem# class MaoyanPipeline(object):
#     def process_item(self, item, spider):
#         return item#使用ImagesPipeline进行图片下载class MaoyanPipeline(ImagesPipeline):def get_media_requests(self, item, info):print('item-iamge是', item['image'])yield scrapy.Request(item['image'])def item_completed(self, results, item, info):image_paths = [x['path'] for ok, x in results if ok]if not image_paths:raise DropItem("Item contains no images")return item

settings.py代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Scrapy settings for maoyan project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
import random
BOT_NAME = 'maoyan'SPIDER_MODULES = ['maoyan.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'maoyan.spiders'# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'maoyan (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = FalseUSER_AGENTS_LIST = ["Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1","Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1","Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24"]
USER_AGENT = random.choice(USER_AGENTS_LIST)
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8','Accept-Language': 'en',# 'User-Agent':"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36",'User-Agent':USER_AGENT
}IMAGES_STORE = 'D:\\MaoYan'    #文件保存路径