本文主要是介绍FlinkSQL窗口实例分析,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
Windowing TVFs
Windowing table-valued functions (Windowing TVFs),即窗口表值函数
注意:窗口函数不可以单独使用,需要聚合函数,按照 window_start、window_end 分区,即存在:group by window_start,window_end
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TUMBLE函数采用三个必需参数,一个可选参数:
TUMBLE(TABLE data, DESCRIPTOR(timecol), size [, offset ])
data:是一个表参数,可以是与时间属性列的任何关系。
timecol:是一个列描述符,指示数据的哪些时间属性列应映射到滚动窗口。
size:是指定翻滚窗口宽度的持续时间。
offset: 是一个可选参数,用于指定窗口开始移动的偏移量。 -
HOP采用 4 个必需参数和 1 个可选参数:
HOP(TABLE data, DESCRIPTOR(timecol), slide, size [, offset ])
data:是一个表参数,可以是与时间属性列的任何关系。
timecol:是一个列描述符,指示数据的哪些时间属性列应映射到跳跃窗口。
slide:是指定连续跳跃窗口开始之间的持续时间的持续时间
size:是指定跳跃窗口宽度的持续时间。
offset: 是一个可选参数,用于指定窗口开始移动的偏移量。 -
CUMULATE采用 4 个必需参数和 1 个可选参数:
CUMULATE(TABLE data, DESCRIPTOR(timecol), step, size)
data:是一个表参数,可以是与时间属性列的任何关系。
timecol:是一个列描述符,指示数据的哪些时间属性列应映射到累积窗口。
step:是指定连续累积窗口末尾之间增加的窗口大小的持续时间。
size:是指定累积窗口最大宽度的持续时间。size必须是 的整数倍step。
offset: 是一个可选参数,用于指定窗口开始移动的偏移量。
滚动窗口
CREATE TABLE kafka_table(mid bigint,db string,sch string,tab string,opt string,ts bigint,ddl string,err string,src map < string, string >,cur map < string, string >,cus map < string, string >,event_time as cast(TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ(ts,3) AS TIMESTAMP(3)), -- TIMESTAMP(3)/TIMESTAMP_LTZ(3)WATERMARK FOR event_time AS event_time - INTERVAL '2' MINUTE --SECOND
) WITH ('connector' = 'kafka','topic' = 't0','properties.bootstrap.servers' = 'xx.xx.xx.xx:9092','scan.startup.mode' = 'earliest-offset', --group-offsets/earliest-offset/latest-offset'format' = 'json'
);create view tmp as
selectCOALESCE(cur['group_name'], src['group_name']) group_name,COALESCE(cur['batch_number'], src['batch_number']) batch_number,event_time
from kafka_table
where UPPER(opt) <> 'DELETE';
--注意:窗口函数不可以单独使用,需要聚合函数,按照 window_start、window_end 分区select window_start,window_end,window_time,group_name,count(*) as cnt from
TABLE(TUMBLE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '10' MINUTES))
group by window_start,window_end,window_time,group_name
滑动窗口
CREATE TABLE kafka_table(mid bigint,db string,sch string,tab string,opt string,ts bigint,ddl string,err string,src map < string, string >,cur map < string, string >,cus map < string, string >,event_time as cast(TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ(ts,3) AS TIMESTAMP(3)), -- TIMESTAMP(3)/TIMESTAMP_LTZ(3)WATERMARK FOR event_time AS event_time - INTERVAL '2' MINUTE --SECOND
) WITH ('connector' = 'kafka','topic' = 't0','properties.bootstrap.servers' = 'xx.xx.xx.xx:9092','scan.startup.mode' = 'earliest-offset', --group-offsets/earliest-offset/latest-offset'format' = 'json'
);create view tmp as
selectCOALESCE(cur['group_name'], src['group_name']) group_name,COALESCE(cur['batch_number'], src['batch_number']) batch_number,event_time
from kafka_table
where UPPER(opt) <> 'DELETE';
--注意:窗口函数不可以单独使用,需要聚合函数,按照 window_start、window_end 分区select window_start,window_end,window_time,group_name,count(*) as cnt from
TABLE(HOP(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '60' SECOND,INTERVAL '10' MINUTES))
group by window_start,window_end,window_time,group_name
累计窗口
CREATE TABLE kafka_table(mid bigint,db string,sch string,tab string,opt string,ts bigint,ddl string,err string,src map < string, string >,cur map < string, string >,cus map < string, string >,event_time as cast(TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ(ts,3) AS TIMESTAMP(3)), -- TIMESTAMP(3)/TIMESTAMP_LTZ(3)WATERMARK FOR event_time AS event_time - INTERVAL '2' MINUTE --SECOND
) WITH ('connector' = 'kafka','topic' = 't0','properties.bootstrap.servers' = 'xx.xx.xx.xx:9092','scan.startup.mode' = 'earliest-offset', --group-offsets/earliest-offset/latest-offset'format' = 'json'
);create view tmp as
selectCOALESCE(cur['group_name'], src['group_name']) group_name,COALESCE(cur['batch_number'], src['batch_number']) batch_number,event_time
from kafka_table
where UPPER(opt) <> 'DELETE';
--注意:窗口函数不可以单独使用,需要聚合函数,按照 window_start、window_end 分区select window_start,window_end,window_time,group_name,count(*) as cnt from
TABLE(CUMULATE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '1' HOUR,INTERVAL '24' HOURS)) --从零点开始累计
TABLE(CUMULATE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '60' SECOND,INTERVAL '10' MINUTES))
TABLE(CUMULATE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '1' MINUTE,INTERVAL '1' HOURS))
group by window_start,window_end,window_time,group_name
窗口聚合-多维分析
CREATE TABLE kafka_table(mid bigint,db string,sch string,tab string,opt string,ts bigint,ddl string,err string,src map < string, string >,cur map < string, string >,cus map < string, string >,event_time as cast(TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ(ts,3) AS TIMESTAMP(3)), -- TIMESTAMP(3)/TIMESTAMP_LTZ(3)WATERMARK FOR event_time AS event_time - INTERVAL '2' MINUTE --SECOND
) WITH ('connector' = 'kafka','topic' = 't0','properties.bootstrap.servers' = 'xx.xx.xx.xx:9092','scan.startup.mode' = 'earliest-offset', --group-offsets/earliest-offset/latest-offset'format' = 'json'
);create view tmp as
selectCOALESCE(cur['group_name'], src['group_name']) group_name,COALESCE(cur['batch_number'], src['batch_number']) batch_number,event_time
from kafka_table
where UPPER(opt) <> 'DELETE';
--注意:窗口函数不可以单独使用,需要聚合函数,按照 window_start、window_end 分区--实例1:整体聚合
select window_start,window_end,count(*) as cnt from
TABLE(TUMBLE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '10' MINUTES))
group by window_start,window_end--实例2:根据字段聚合,n个维度
select window_start,window_end,group_name,count(*) as cnt from
TABLE(TUMBLE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '10' MINUTES))
group by window_start,window_end,group_name--实例3:多维分析GROUPING SETS
select window_start,window_end,group_name,count(*) as cnt from
TABLE(TUMBLE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '10' MINUTES))
group by window_start,window_end,GROUPING SETS((group_name)) --等同于 实例2
group by window_start,window_end,GROUPING SETS((group_name), ()) --等同于 实例1 union all 实例2--实例4:多维分析GROUPING SETS,多个字段
select window_start,window_end,group_name,batch_number,count(*) as cnt from
TABLE(TUMBLE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '10' MINUTES))
group by window_start,window_end,GROUPING SETS((group_name,batch_number),(group_name),(batch_number),())--实例5:多维分析CUBE 2^n个维度
select window_start,window_end,group_name,batch_number,count(*) as cnt from
TABLE(TUMBLE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '10' MINUTES))
group by window_start,window_end,CUBE(group_name) --等同于group by window_start,window_end,GROUPING SETS((group_name), ())
group by window_start,window_end,CUBE(group_name,batch_number) --等同于实例4--实例6:多维分析ROLLUP n+1个维度
select window_start,window_end,group_name,batch_number,count(*) as cnt from
TABLE(TUMBLE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '10' MINUTES))
group by window_start,window_end,ROLLUP(group_name) --等同于 实例1 union all 实例2
group by window_start,window_end,ROLLUP(group_name,batch_number) --等同于GROUPING SETS((group_name,batch_number),(group_name),())
窗口topN
Window Top-N 语句的语法:
SELECT [column_list]
FROM (SELECT [column_list],ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY window_start, window_end [, col_key1...]ORDER BY col1 [asc|desc][, col2 [asc|desc]...]) AS rownumFROM table_name) -- relation applied windowing TVF
WHERE rownum <= N [AND conditions]
CREATE TABLE kafka_table(mid bigint,db string,sch string,tab string,opt string,ts bigint,ddl string,err string,src map < string, string >,cur map < string, string >,cus map < string, string >,event_time as cast(TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ(ts,3) AS TIMESTAMP(3)), -- TIMESTAMP(3)/TIMESTAMP_LTZ(3)WATERMARK FOR event_time AS event_time - INTERVAL '2' MINUTE --SECOND
) WITH ('connector' = 'kafka','topic' = 't0','properties.bootstrap.servers' = 'xx.xx.xx.xx:9092','scan.startup.mode' = 'earliest-offset', --group-offsets/earliest-offset/latest-offset'format' = 'json'
);create view tmp as
selectCOALESCE(cur['group_name'], src['group_name']) group_name,COALESCE(cur['batch_number'], src['batch_number']) batch_number,event_time
from kafka_table
where UPPER(opt) <> 'DELETE';
--注意:窗口函数不可以单独使用,需要聚合函数,按照 window_start、window_end 分区--方式1:窗口 Top-N 紧随窗口聚合之后
create view tmp_window as
select window_start,window_end,window_time,group_name,count(*) as cnt from
TABLE(TUMBLE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '24' HOURS))
group by window_start,window_end,window_time,group_name;--计算每个翻滚 24小时窗口内pv最高的前 3 名机构(即每天PV最高的前三名)
select * from(select * ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY window_start, window_end ORDER BY cnt DESC) as rnfrom tmp_window) t
where rn <=3--计算每个机构pv最高的前 3天
select * from(select * ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY group_name ORDER BY cnt DESC) as rnfrom tmp_window) t
where rn <=3--方式2:窗口 Top-N 紧随窗口 TVF 之后
select *
from(selectwindow_start,window_end,window_time,group_name,ts,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY window_start, window_end ORDER BY ts DESC) AS rnfrom TABLE(TUMBLE(TABLE tmp, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '24' HOURS)))
where rn <=3
窗口去重
Flink使用去重的方式,就像Window Top-N查询ROW_NUMBER()的方式一样。理论上,
窗口重复数据删除是窗口 Top-N 的一种特殊情况,其中 N 为 1,并且按处理时间或事件时间排序
Window Deduplication 语句的语法:
SELECT [column_list]
FROM (SELECT [column_list],ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY window_start, window_end [, col_key1...]ORDER BY time_attr [asc|desc]) AS rownumFROM table_name) -- relation applied windowing TVF
WHERE (rownum = 1 | rownum <=1 | rownum < 2) [AND conditions]
CREATE TABLE kafka_table(mid bigint,db string,sch string,tab string,opt string,ts bigint,ddl string,err string,src map < string, string >,cur map < string, string >,cus map < string, string >,group_name as COALESCE(cur['group_name'], src['group_name']),batch_number as COALESCE(cur['batch_number'], src['batch_number']),event_time as cast(TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ(ts,3) AS TIMESTAMP(3)), -- TIMESTAMP(3)/TIMESTAMP_LTZ(3)WATERMARK FOR event_time AS event_time - INTERVAL '2' MINUTE --SECOND
) WITH ('connector' = 'kafka','topic' = 't0','properties.bootstrap.servers' = 'xx.xx.xx.xx:9092','scan.startup.mode' = 'earliest-offset', --group-offsets/earliest-offset/latest-offset'format' = 'json'
);select *
from(selectwindow_start,window_end,group_name,event_time,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY window_start, window_end ORDER BY event_time DESC) AS rnfrom TABLE(TUMBLE(TABLE kafka_table, DESCRIPTOR(event_time), INTERVAL '24' HOURS)))
where rn =1
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