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本测试主要验证多级CA证书验证的功能，远程用户carol，dave与网关moon建立连接时，分别使用中间CA证书所签发的实体证书，分配给carol的证书仅可访问moon网关之后的alice主机；dave的证书仅可访问venus主机。两个中间CA证书的名称CN分别为"Research CA"和"Sales CA"。本次测试拓扑如下：
carol主机配置
carol的配置文件：ikev2/multi-level-ca/hosts/carol/etc/ipsec.conf，内容如下。字段rightca的值为"C=CH, O=Linux strongSwan, CN=strongSwan Root CA"，即要求对端的CA证书名称CN为：“strongSwan Root CA”。此外，定义了两个子连接alice和venus，字段rightsubnet分别对应主机alice（10.1.0.10）和主机venus（10.10.20）。
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conn %defaultleft=PH_IP_CAROLleftcert=carolCert.pemleftsendcert=ifaskedright=PH_IP_MOONrightid=@moon.strongswan.orgrightca="C=CH, O=Linux strongSwan, CN=strongSwan Root CA"conn alicerightsubnet=PH_IP_ALICE/32auto=addconn venusrightsubnet=PH_IP_VENUS/32auto=add
carol主机的证书文件carolCert.pem内容如下，其签发者Issuer的信息为：C = CH, O = strongSwan Project, OU = Research, CN = Research CA。
$ openssl x509 -in ikev2/multi-level-ca/hosts/carol/etc/ipsec.d/certs/carolCert.pem -noout -text
Certificate:Data:Version: 3 (0x2)Serial Number: 1 (0x1)Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryptionIssuer: C = CH, O = strongSwan Project, OU = Research, CN = Research CAValidityNot Before: Sep 14 08:37:52 2019 GMTNot After : Sep 14 08:37:52 2027 GMTSubject: C = CH, O = strongSwan Project, OU = Research, CN = carol@strongswan.org
dave主机配置
dave的配置文件：ikev2/multi-level-ca/hosts/dave/etc/ipsec.conf，内容如下。字段rightca的值为"C=CH, O=Linux strongSwan, CN=strongSwan Root CA"，即要求对端的CA证书名称CN为：“strongSwan Root CA”。此外，定义了两个子连接alice和venus，字段rightsubnet分别对应主机alice（10.1.0.10）和主机venus（10.10.20）。
conn %defaultleft=PH_IP_DAVEleftcert=daveCert.pemleftsendcert=ifaskedright=PH_IP_MOONrightid=@moon.strongswan.orgrightca="C=CH, O=Linux strongSwan, CN=strongSwan Root CA"conn alicerightsubnet=PH_IP_ALICE/32auto=addconn venusrightsubnet=PH_IP_VENUS/32auto=add
dave主机的证书文件daveCert.pem内容如下，其签发者Issuer的信息为：C = CH, O = strongSwan Project, OU = Sales, CN = Sales CA。
$ openssl x509 -in ikev2/multi-level-ca/hosts/dave/etc/ipsec.d/certs/daveCert.pem -noout -text
Certificate:Data:Version: 3 (0x2)Serial Number: 1 (0x1)Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryptionIssuer: C = CH, O = strongSwan Project, OU = Sales, CN = Sales CAValidityNot Before: Sep 14 08:37:52 2019 GMTNot After : Sep 14 08:37:52 2027 GMTSubject: C = CH, O = strongSwan Project, OU = Sales, CN = dave@strongswan.org
网关配置
moon网关的配置文件：ikev2/multi-level-ca/hosts/moon/etc/ipsec.conf，内容如下。连接alice配置中，rightca字段为"C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=Research CA"，要求对端的CA名称CN为：“Research CA”。远程客户carol使用的证书满足此要求。
连接venus配置中，rightca字段为"C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Sales, CN=Sales CA"，要求对端的CA名称CN为：“Sales CA”。远程客户dave使用的证书满足此要求。
conn %defaultleft=PH_IP_MOONleftcert=moonCert.pemleftsendcert=ifaskedleftid=@moon.strongswan.orgconn aliceleftsubnet=PH_IP_ALICE/32right=%anyrightca="C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=Research CA"auto=addconn venusleftsubnet=PH_IP_VENUS/32right=%anyrightca="C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Sales, CN=Sales CA"auto=add
moon网关的CA证书researchCert.pem，由根CA：strongSwan Root CA所签发，签发给Research部门（OU），名称（CN）为：Research CA。
$ openssl x509 -in ikev2/multi-level-ca/hosts/moon/etc/ipsec.d/cacerts/researchCert.pem -noout -text
Certificate:Data:Version: 3 (0x2)Serial Number: 11 (0xb)Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryptionIssuer: C = CH, O = strongSwan Project, CN = strongSwan Root CAValidityNot Before: Sep 14 08:37:52 2019 GMTNot After : Sep 14 08:37:52 2028 GMTSubject: C = CH, O = strongSwan Project, OU = Research, CN = Research CA
moon网关的CA证书salesCert.pem，由根CA：strongSwan Root CA所签发，签发给Sales部门（OU），名称（CN）为：Sales CA。
$ openssl x509 -in ikev2/multi-level-ca/hosts/moon/etc/ipsec.d/cacerts/salesCert.pem -noout -text
Certificate:Data:Version: 3 (0x2)Serial Number: 12 (0xc)Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryptionIssuer: C = CH, O = strongSwan Project, CN = strongSwan Root CAValidityNot Before: Sep 14 08:37:52 2019 GMTNot After : Sep 14 08:37:52 2028 GMTSubject: C = CH, O = strongSwan Project, OU = Sales, CN = Sales CA
测试准备阶段
配置文件：ikev2/multi-level-ca/pretest.dat，内容为通常的ipsec连接的启动语句。本次测试中，在carol和dave主机上都会启动名称为alice和venus的两个连接。不过，在carol主机上首先启动alice连接，在dave主机上首先启动venus连接，这两个连接都可成功。相反，carol上的子连接venus和dave上的子连接alice，都会失败，放后执行。
moon::ipsec start
carol::ipsec start
dave::ipsec start
moon::expect-connection alice
moon::expect-connection venus
carol::expect-connection alice
carol::expect-connection venus
carol::ipsec up alice
carol::ipsec up venus
dave::expect-connection alice
dave::expect-connection venus
dave::ipsec up venus
dave::ipsec up alice
测试阶段
配置文件：ikev2/multi-level-ca/evaltest.dat内容如下。在moon网关的strongswan日志文件中，确认carol和dave证书的验证，以及中间CA证书的验证。
moon:: cat /var/log/daemon.log::fetching crl from.*http.*research.crl::YES
moon:: cat /var/log/daemon.log::crl correctly signed by.*Research CA::YES
moon:: cat /var/log/daemon.log::fetching crl from.*http.*sales.crl::YES
moon:: cat /var/log/daemon.log::crl correctly signed by.*Sales CA::YES
moon:: cat /var/log/daemon.log::fetching crl from.*http.*strongswan.crl::YES
moon:: cat /var/log/daemon.log::crl correctly signed by.*strongSwan Root CA::YES
以下为moon网关上strongswan进程验证证书的日志信息。在IKE_SA_INIT响应消息中，CERTREQ载荷中包含三个证书请求，CN分别为：“Research CA”、“Sales CA"和"strongSwan Root CA”，其中前两个为中间证书，第三个为根证书。
在随后carol的报文IKE_AUTH中，提供了一个end entity证书：“C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=carol@strongswan.org”，据此在moon网关的配置中匹配到名称为alice的连接，以及对应的中间CA文件：moon/etc/ipsec.d/cacerts/researchCert.pem。接下来获取CRL文件：research.crl，验证carol证书的状态，先使用中间CA证书ResearchCert.pem验证crl文件的有效性，在根据CRL验证carol证书有效性。
之后，获取strongswan.crl证书，以验证中间CA证书："C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=Research CA"的有效性。整个证书链验证完成之后，认证成功。
moon charon: 13[IKE] sending cert request for "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=Research CA"
moon charon: 13[IKE] sending cert request for "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Sales, CN=Sales CA"
moon charon: 13[IKE] sending cert request for "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, CN=strongSwan Root CA"
moon charon: 13[ENC] generating IKE_SA_INIT response 0 [ SA KE No N(NATD_S_IP) N(NATD_D_IP) CERTREQ N(FRAG_SUP) N(HASH_ALG) N(CHDLESS_SUP) N(MULT_AUTH) ]
moon charon: 14[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.100[4500] to 192.168.0.1[4500] (1236 bytes)
moon charon: 15[ENC] parsed IKE_AUTH request 1 [ IDi CERT N(INIT_CONTACT) CERTREQ IDr AUTH SA TSi TSr N(MOBIKE_SUP) N(ADD_6_ADDR) N(MULT_AUTH) N(EAP_ONLY) N(MSG_ID_SYN_SUP) ]
moon charon: 15[IKE] received cert request for "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, CN=strongSwan Root CA"
moon charon: 15[IKE] received end entity cert "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=carol@strongswan.org"
moon charon: 15[CFG] looking for peer configs matching 192.168.0.1[moon.strongswan.org]...192.168.0.100[C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=carol@strongswan.org]
moon charon: 15[CFG] selected peer config 'alice'
moon charon: 15[CFG] using certificate "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=carol@strongswan.org"
moon charon: 15[CFG] using trusted intermediate ca certificate "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=Research CA"
moon charon: 15[CFG] checking certificate status of "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=carol@strongswan.org"
moon charon: 15[CFG] fetching crl from 'http://crl.strongswan.org/research.crl' ...
moon charon: 15[CFG] using trusted ca certificate "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, CN=strongSwan Root CA"
moon charon: 15[CFG] reached self-signed root ca with a path length of 0
moon charon: 15[CFG] using trusted certificate "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=Research CA"
moon charon: 15[CFG] crl correctly signed by "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=Research CA"
moon charon: 15[CFG] crl is valid: until Nov 15 03:32:58 2019
moon charon: 15[CFG] certificate status is good
moon charon: 15[CFG] using trusted ca certificate "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, CN=strongSwan Root CA"
moon charon: 15[CFG] checking certificate status of "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=Research CA"
moon charon: 15[CFG] fetching crl from 'http://crl.strongswan.org/strongswan.crl' ...
moon charon: 15[CFG] using trusted certificate "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, CN=strongSwan Root CA"
moon charon: 15[CFG] crl correctly signed by "C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, CN=strongSwan Root CA"
moon charon: 15[CFG] crl is valid: until Nov 15 03:32:58 2019
moon charon: 15[CFG] certificate status is good
moon charon: 15[CFG] reached self-signed root ca with a path length of 1
moon charon: 15[IKE] authentication of 'C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=carol@strongswan.org' with RSA_EMSA_PKCS1_SHA2_256 successful
以下测试语句，在carol和moon上确认名称为alice的连接的建立，并且在carol主机的strongswan进程日志中将检查到TS_UNACCEPTABLE的通知，这是由于在carol上建立子连接venus失败所导致的。
carol::ipsec status 2> /dev/null::alice.*INSTALLED, TUNNEL::YES
moon:: ipsec status 2> /dev/null::alice.*ESTABLISHED.*carol@strongswan.org::YES
carol::cat /var/log/daemon.log::received TS_UNACCEPTABLE notify, no CHILD_SA built::YES
carol::ipsec status 2> /dev/null::venus.*INSTALLED::NO
看一下carol主机上strongswan进程的日志，子连接venus未能创建成功，在报文CREATE_CHILD_SA request 2中，载荷TSr的值为：10.1.0.20（venus主机），但是在moon网关上定义到venus的连接需要具有"Sales CA"签发的证书，carol的证书为"Research CA"所签发。
carol charon: 05[CFG] received stroke: initiate 'venus'
carol charon: 09[IKE] establishing CHILD_SA venus{2}
carol charon: 09[ENC] generating CREATE_CHILD_SA request 2 [ SA No TSi TSr ]
carol charon: 09[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.100[4500] to 192.168.0.1[4500] (256 bytes)
carol charon: 12[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.1[4500] to 192.168.0.100[4500] (80 bytes)
carol charon: 12[ENC] parsed CREATE_CHILD_SA response 2 [ N(TS_UNACCEPT) ]
carol charon: 12[IKE] received TS_UNACCEPTABLE notify, no CHILD_SA built
carol charon: 12[IKE] failed to establish CHILD_SA, keeping IKE_SA
moon网关上strongwan进程的日志中，显示了拒绝carol主机此TSr的信息。
moon charon: 16[ENC] parsed CREATE_CHILD_SA request 2 [ SA No TSi TSr ]
moon charon: 16[IKE] traffic selectors 10.1.0.20/32 === 192.168.0.100/32 unacceptable
moon charon: 16[IKE] failed to establish CHILD_SA, keeping IKE_SA
moon charon: 16[ENC] generating CREATE_CHILD_SA response 2 [ N(TS_UNACCEPT) ]
对于主机dave的认证过程与以上carol相似,以下为moon网关上strongswan进程日志中与dave相关的部分信息。由于在moon网关上，名称为alice连接排在前面，dave的连接首先匹配alice，在相关的证书验证完成之后，将会产生：constraint check failed错误，因为alice连接要求"Research CA"签发的证书，而dave的证书由"Sales CA"签发。此时将匹配moon网关上的配置venus。
moon charon: 07[IKE] authentication of 'C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Sales, CN=dave@strongswan.org' with RSA_EMSA_PKCS1_SHA2_256 successful
moon charon: 07[CFG] constraint check failed: peer not authenticated by CA 'C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Research, CN=Research CA'
moon charon: 07[CFG] selected peer config 'alice' unacceptable: non-matching authentication done
moon charon: 07[CFG] switching to peer config 'venus'
moon charon: 07[IKE] peer supports MOBIKE
moon charon: 07[IKE] authentication of 'moon.strongswan.org' (myself) with RSA_EMSA_PKCS1_SHA2_256 successful
moon charon: 07[IKE] IKE_SA venus[2] established between 192.168.0.1[moon.strongswan.org]...192.168.0.200[C=CH, O=strongSwan Project, OU=Sales, CN=dave@strongswan.org]
strongswan测试版本： 5.8.1
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