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我们已经实现了用户注册功能,现在想增加日志记录功能。具体来讲就是在用户注册前后,分别输出一条日志。我们当然可以修改原有的业务代码。
现在换个角度来问两个问题:
1. 团队开发中,我们很可能根本拿不到源代码,那又怎么去增加这个功能呢?
2. 这次需求是增加日志,以后再增加其他需求(比如异常处理),是不是仍然要改业务类呢?
总结一下:
我们要在不修改原有类业务代码的前提下,去做类的增强。我们的设计要符合面向对象的原则:对扩展开放,对修改封闭!
都有哪些办法呢?我们尝试以下几种方法:
- 使用装饰器模式做类的增强
- 使用.Net代理模式做类的增强
- 使用Castle做类的增强
- 使用Unity做类的增强
- 使用Unity做类的增强(续)
- 使用Autofac做类的增强
上次我们使用unity实现了log日志的增强,这次我们来实现异常处理、权限验证两个需求;并且不使用拦截器的方式,而是使用Attribute给原有业务类来打标签的方式来达到业务增强的目的。
原有业务类
业务模型
namespace testAopByDecorator
{public class User{public string Name { get; set; }public int Id { get; set; }}
}
接口设计
namespace testAopByDecorator
{public interface IUserProcessor{void RegisterUser(User user);}
}
业务实现
using System;namespace testAopByDecorator
{public class UserProcessor : IUserProcessor{public void RegisterUser(User user){if (user == null){return;}Console.WriteLine(string.Format("注册了一个用户{0}:{1}", user.Id, user.Name));}}
}
上层调用
using System;namespace testAopByDecorator
{class Program{private static User user = new User { Id = 1, Name = "滇红" };static void Main(string[] args){Register();Console.ReadKey();}private static void Register(){IUserProcessor processor = new UserProcessor();processor.RegisterUser(user);}}
}
使用Unity做类的增强
我们将使用第三方的Unity来对原有的类做业务增强,首先使用NuGet安装。
日志Attribute类
using System;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.InterceptionExtension;namespace testAopByUnityAttribute
{public class LogHandlerAttribute : HandlerAttribute{public override ICallHandler CreateHandler(IUnityContainer container){ICallHandler handler = new UserProcessorLog { Order = this.Order };return handler;}}public class UserProcessorLog : ICallHandler{public int Order { get; set; }public IMethodReturn Invoke(IMethodInvocation input, GetNextHandlerDelegate getNext){User user = input.Inputs[0] as User;before(user);InvokeHandlerDelegate delegateMethod = getNext();IMethodReturn returnMessag = delegateMethod(input, getNext);after(user);return returnMessag;}private void after(User user){Console.WriteLine("日志结束:" + user.Name);}private void before(User user){Console.WriteLine("日志开始:" + user.Name);}}
}
异常Attribute类
using System;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.InterceptionExtension;namespace testAopByUnityAttribute
{public class ExceptionHandlerAttribute : HandlerAttribute{public override ICallHandler CreateHandler(IUnityContainer container){ICallHandler handler = new UserProcessorException { Order = this.Order };return handler;}}public class UserProcessorException : ICallHandler{public int Order { get; set; }public IMethodReturn Invoke(IMethodInvocation input, GetNextHandlerDelegate getNext){User user = input.Inputs[0] as User;before(user);InvokeHandlerDelegate delegateMethod = getNext();IMethodReturn returnMessag = delegateMethod(input, getNext);if (returnMessag.Exception != null){Console.WriteLine("捕获了异常:" + returnMessag.Exception.Message);returnMessag.Exception = null; //结束异常栈}after(user);return returnMessag;}private void after(User user){Console.WriteLine("异常捕获后:" + user.Name);}private void before(User user){Console.WriteLine("异常捕获前:" + user.Name);}}
}
权限Attribute类
using System;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.InterceptionExtension;namespace testAopByUnityAttribute
{public class AuthorizeHandlerAttribute : HandlerAttribute{public override ICallHandler CreateHandler(IUnityContainer container){ICallHandler handler = new UserProcessorAuthorize { Order = this.Order };return handler;}}public class UserProcessorAuthorize : ICallHandler{public int Order { get; set; }public IMethodReturn Invoke(IMethodInvocation input, GetNextHandlerDelegate getNext){User user = input.Inputs[0] as User;Console.WriteLine("权限验证中......");if(user == null || !user.Name.Equals("admin")){//抛出异常return input.CreateExceptionMethodReturn(new Exception("没有这个用户!"));}before(user);InvokeHandlerDelegate delegateMethod = getNext();IMethodReturn returnMessage = delegateMethod(input, getNext);after(user);return returnMessage;}private void after(User user){Console.WriteLine("用户注册后:" + user.Name);}private void before(User user){Console.WriteLine("用户注册前:" + user.Name);}}
}
给业务接口打标签,原有业务类会自动继承
namespace testAopByUnityAttribute
{//使用Order来决定特性的执行时序[ExceptionHandler(Order =1)][LogHandler(Order = 2)][AuthorizeHandler(Order =3)]public interface IUserProcessor{void RegisterUser(User user);}
}
上层调用
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.InterceptionExtension;
using System;namespace testAopByUnityAttribute
{class Program{private static User user = new User { Id = 1, Name = "admin" };static void Main(string[] args){RegisterAndLog();Console.ReadKey();}private static void RegisterAndLog(){//创建容器IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();//注册服务container.RegisterType<IUserProcessor, UserProcessor>();//扩展拦截器container.AddNewExtension<Interception>().Configure<Interception>().SetInterceptorFor<IUserProcessor>(new InterfaceInterceptor());//调用服务IUserProcessor processor = container.Resolve<IUserProcessor>();try{processor.RegisterUser(user);}catch (Exception ex){Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);}}}
}
对比一下扩展前后的业务展现
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