本文主要是介绍Python小试牛刀：GUI（图形界面）实现计算器UI界面(三)，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
上一篇：Python小试牛刀：GUI（图形界面）实现计算器UI界面(二)-CSDN博客
回顾前两篇文章，第一篇文章主要实现了计算器UI界面如何布局，以及简单概述Python常用的GUI库。第二篇文章主要实现了计算器UI界面按钮组件与事件的交互，而在本片文章则是实现计算器完整功能。
运行结果：
代码设计
"""计算器
"""# 通配符'*'
__all__ = ['main']# 计算器UI设计
class CalculatorUI:import tkinter as tkfrom tkinter import fontbase = tk.Tk() # 新建窗口base.title('计算器') # 设置标题base.geometry("458x400") # 设置窗口像素大小# 全局变量labelData1 = tk.StringVar() # 标签数据labelData2 = tk.StringVar() # 标签数据# 设置字体样式setChineseFont = font.Font(family='Arial', size=20, weight='bold')setFont = font.Font(family='Helvetica', size=12, weight='bold')# 主框架mainFrame = tk.LabelFrame(base, text='标准', borderwidth=2, relief=tk.FLAT, font=setChineseFont)mainFrame.pack(expand=True)# 标签框架labelFrame = tk.Frame(mainFrame, borderwidth=2, relief=tk.GROOVE)labelFrame.grid(columnspan=4)# 标签showLabel1 = tk.Label(labelFrame, textvariable=labelData1, anchor='e', width=26, font=setChineseFont)showLabel1.pack()showLabel2 = tk.Label(labelFrame, textvariable=labelData2, anchor='e', width=26, font=setChineseFont)showLabel2.pack()# 删除按钮clear = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='C', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)clear.grid(row=1, column=0)# 退格按钮backSpace = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='⬅', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)backSpace.grid(row=1, column=1)# 余数（百分号）remainder = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='%', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)remainder.grid(row=1, column=2)# 除号division = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='➗', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)division.grid(row=1, column=3)# 7seven = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='7', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)seven.grid(row=2, column=0)# 8eight = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='8', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)eight.grid(row=2, column=1)# 9nine = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='9', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)nine.grid(row=2, column=2)# 乘号multiplication = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='✖', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)multiplication.grid(row=2, column=3)# 4four = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='4', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)four.grid(row=3, column=0)# 5five = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='5', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)five.grid(row=3, column=1)# 6six = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='6', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)six.grid(row=3, column=2)# 减法subtraction = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='➖', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)subtraction.grid(row=3, column=3)# 1one = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='1', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)one.grid(row=4, column=0)# 2two = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='2', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)two.grid(row=4, column=1)# 3three = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='3', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)three.grid(row=4, column=2)# 加法addition = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='➕', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)addition.grid(row=4, column=3)# 括号brackets = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='( )', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)brackets.grid(row=5, column=0)# 0zero = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='0', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)zero.grid(row=5, column=1)# 小数点.dit = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='.', width=10, height=2, font=setFont)dit.grid(row=5, column=2)# 等于equal = tk.Button(mainFrame, text='=', width=10, height=2, background='#00BFFF', font=setFont)equal.grid(row=5, column=3)# 按钮间距tk.Label(mainFrame, height=3, width=1).grid(row=1, column=4) # 行填充tk.Label(mainFrame, height=3, width=1).grid(row=2, column=4)tk.Label(mainFrame, height=3, width=1).grid(row=3, column=4)tk.Label(mainFrame, height=3, width=1).grid(row=4, column=4)tk.Label(mainFrame, height=3, width=1).grid(row=5, column=4)tk.Label(mainFrame, height=1, width=16).grid(row=6, column=1) # 列填充tk.Label(mainFrame, height=1, width=16).grid(row=6, column=3)# 初始化事件
def initUI(event):# 0-9UI.zero.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 0UI.one.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 1UI.two.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 2UI.three.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 3UI.four.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 4UI.five.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 5UI.six.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 6UI.seven.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 7UI.eight.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 8UI.nine.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 9# 特殊字符UI.clear.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 删除UI.backSpace.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 退格UI.remainder.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 百分号/求余UI.division.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 除号UI.multiplication.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 乘号UI.subtraction.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 减号UI.addition.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 加号UI.equal.config(background='#00BFFF') # 等于UI.brackets.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 括号UI.dit.config(background='#f0f0f0') # 小数点# 鼠标在组件上的焦点事件
# 0-9
# 0
def zeroBackground(event):UI.zero.config(background='pink')
def zeroReleaseBackground(event):UI.zero.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.zero.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')zeroEvent(event)
# 1
def oneBackground(event):UI.one.config(background='pink')
def oneReleaseBackground(event):UI.one.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.one.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')oneEvent(event)
# 2
def twoBackground(event):UI.two.config(background='pink')
def twoReleaseBackground(event):UI.two.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.two.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')twoEvent(event)
# 3
def threeBackground(event):UI.three.config(background='pink')
def threeReleaseBackground(event):UI.three.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.three.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')threeEvent(event)
# 4
def fourBackground(event):UI.four.config(background='pink')
def fourReleaseBackground(event):UI.four.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.four.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')fourEvent(event)
# 5
def fiveBackground(event):UI.five.config(background='pink')
def fiveReleaseBackground(event):UI.five.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.five.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')fiveEvent(event)
# 6
def sixBackground(event):UI.six.config(background='pink')
def sixReleaseBackground(event):UI.six.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.six.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')sixEvent(event)
# 7
def sevenBackground(event):UI.seven.config(background='pink')
def sevenReleaseBackground(event):UI.seven.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.seven.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')sevenEvent(event)
# 8
def eightBackground(event):UI.eight.config(background='pink')
def eightReleaseBackground(event):UI.eight.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.eight.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')eightEvent(event)
# 9
def nineBackground(event):UI.nine.config(background='pink')
def nineReleaseBackground(event):UI.nine.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.nine.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')nineEvent(event)# 特殊字符
# 删除
def clearBackground(event):UI.clear.config(background='pink')
def clearReleaseBackground(event):UI.clear.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.clear.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')clearEvent(event)
# 退格
def backSpaceBackground(event):UI.backSpace.config(background='pink')
def backSpaceReleaseBackground(event):UI.backSpace.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.backSpace.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')backSpaceEvent(event)
# 百分号/求余
def remainderBackground(event):UI.remainder.config(background='pink')
def remainderReleaseBackground(event):UI.remainder.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.remainder.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')remainderEvent(event)
# 除号
def divisionBackground(event):UI.division.config(background='pink')
def divisionReleaseBackground(event):UI.division.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.division.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')divisionEvent(event)
# 乘号
def multiplicationBackground(event):UI.multiplication.config(background='pink')
def multiplicationReleaseBackground(event):UI.multiplication.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.multiplication.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')multiplicationEvent(event)
# 减号
def subtractionBackground(event):UI.subtraction.config(background='pink')
def subtractionReleaseBackground(event):UI.subtraction.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.subtraction.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')subtractionEvent(event)
# 加号
def additionBackground(event):UI.addition.config(background='pink')
def additionReleaseBackground(event):UI.addition.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.addition.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')additionEvent(event)
# 等于
def equalBackground(event):UI.equal.config(background='pink')
def equalReleaseBackground(event):UI.equal.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.equal.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#00BFFF')equalEvent(event)
# 括号
def bracketsBackground(event):UI.brackets.config(background='pink')
def bracketsReleaseBackground(event):UI.brackets.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.brackets.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')bracketsEvent(event)
# 小数点
def ditBackground(event):UI.dit.config(background='pink')
def ditReleaseBackground(event):UI.dit.config(state=tk.DISABLED, background='pink')UI.base.update()time.sleep(0.1)UI.dit.config(state=tk.NORMAL, background='#f0f0f0')ditEvent(event)# 组件背景颜色事件触发
def widgetColor():# 初始化UI.base.bind('<Leave>', initUI)UI.showLabel1.config(foreground='gray', background='white')UI.showLabel2.config(background='white')# 0-9UI.zero.bind('<Motion>', zeroBackground) # 0UI.one.bind('<Motion>', oneBackground) # 1UI.two.bind('<Motion>', twoBackground) # 2UI.three.bind('<Motion>', threeBackground) # 3UI.four.bind('<Motion>', fourBackground) # 4UI.five.bind('<Motion>', fiveBackground) # 5UI.six.bind('<Motion>', sixBackground) # 6UI.seven.bind('<Motion>', sevenBackground) # 7UI.eight.bind('<Motion>', eightBackground) # 8UI.nine.bind('<Motion>', nineBackground) # 9# 特殊字符UI.clear.bind('<Motion>', clearBackground) # 删除UI.backSpace.bind('<Motion>', backSpaceBackground) # 退格UI.remainder.bind('<Motion>', remainderBackground) # 百分号/求余UI.division.bind('<Motion>', divisionBackground) # 除号UI.multiplication.bind('<Motion>', multiplicationBackground) # 乘号UI.subtraction.bind('<Motion>', subtractionBackground) # 减号UI.addition.bind('<Motion>', additionBackground) # 加号UI.equal.bind('<Motion>', equalBackground) # 等于UI.brackets.bind('<Motion>', bracketsBackground) # 括号UI.dit.bind('<Motion>', ditBackground) # 小数点# 按钮按下UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-0>', zeroReleaseBackground) # 0UI.zero.bind('<Button-1>', zeroEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-1>', oneReleaseBackground) # 1UI.one.bind('<Button-1>', oneEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-2>', twoReleaseBackground) # 2UI.two.bind('<Button-1>', twoEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-3>', threeReleaseBackground) # 3UI.three.bind('<Button-1>', threeEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-4>', fourReleaseBackground) # 4UI.four.bind('<Button-1>', fourEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-5>', fiveReleaseBackground) # 5UI.five.bind('<Button-1>', fiveEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-6>', sixReleaseBackground) # 6UI.six.bind('<Button-1>', sixEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-7>', sevenReleaseBackground) # 7UI.seven.bind('<Button-1>', sevenEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-8>', eightReleaseBackground) # 8UI.eight.bind('<Button-1>', eightEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-9>', nineReleaseBackground) # 9UI.nine.bind('<Button-1>', nineEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-Delete>', clearReleaseBackground) # 删除UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-c>', clearReleaseBackground) # 删除UI.base.bind('<Key-C>', clearReleaseBackground) # 删除UI.clear.bind('<Button-1>', clearEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-BackSpace>', backSpaceReleaseBackground) # 退格UI.backSpace.bind('<Button-1>', backSpaceEvent)UI.base.bind('<Shift-Key-%>', remainderReleaseBackground) # 百分号、求余UI.remainder.bind('<Button-1>', remainderEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-slash>', divisionReleaseBackground) # 除号UI.division.bind('<Button-1>', divisionEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-asterisk>', multiplicationReleaseBackground) # 乘号UI.base.bind('<Shift-Key-*>', multiplicationReleaseBackground) # 乘号UI.multiplication.bind('<Button-1>', multiplicationEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-minus>', subtractionReleaseBackground) # 减号UI.subtraction.bind('<Button-1>', subtractionEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-plus>', additionReleaseBackground) # 加号UI.base.bind('<Shift-Key-+>', additionReleaseBackground) # 加号UI.addition.bind('<Button-1>', additionEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-Return>', equalReleaseBackground) # 等号UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-equal>', equalReleaseBackground) # 等号UI.equal.bind('<Button-1>', equalEvent)UI.base.bind('<Shift-Key-(>', bracketsReleaseBackground) # 左括号UI.base.bind('<Shift-Key-)>', bracketsReleaseBackground) # 右括号UI.brackets.bind('<Button-1>', bracketsEvent)UI.base.bind('<KeyPress-period>', ditReleaseBackground) # 小数点UI.dit.bind('<Button-1>', ditEvent)# 0 事件
def zeroEvent(event):global labelShow2# 数字前面不能是右括号')'if ('原来是小瘪三'+labelShow2)[-1] in ')=':returnlabelShow2 += '0'# 补小数点if labelShow2 == '0' or labelShow2[-2] in '(+-×÷':labelShow2 += '.'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.zero.config(activeforeground='gray')# 1 事件
def oneEvent(event):global labelShow2# 数字前面不能是右括号')'if ('防止空字符'+labelShow2)[-1] in ')=':returnlabelShow2 += '1'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.one.config(activeforeground='gray')# 2 事件
def twoEvent(event):global labelShow2# 数字前面不能是右括号')'if ('什么字符都可以'+labelShow2)[-1] in ')=':returnlabelShow2 += '2'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.two.config(activeforeground='gray')# 3 事件
def threeEvent(event):global labelShow2# 数字前面不能是右括号')'if ('不影响代码'+labelShow2)[-1] in ')=':returnlabelShow2 += '3'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.three.config(activeforeground='gray')# 4 事件
def fourEvent(event):global labelShow2# 数字前面不能是右括号')'if ('虽然可以封装成函数'+labelShow2)[-1] in ')=':returnlabelShow2 += '4'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.four.config(activeforeground='gray')# 5 事件
def fiveEvent(event):global labelShow2# 数字前面不能是右括号')'if ('但是只有两行代码'+labelShow2)[-1] in ')=':returnlabelShow2 += '5'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.five.config(activeforeground='gray')# 6 事件
def sixEvent(event):global labelShow2# 数字前面不能是右括号')'if ('调用函数还是两行代码'+labelShow2)[-1] in ')=':returnlabelShow2 += '6'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.six.config(activeforeground='gray')# 7 事件
def sevenEvent(event):global labelShow2# 数字前面不能是右括号')'if ('索性来个自我介绍吧'+labelShow2)[-1] in ')=':returnlabelShow2 += '7'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.seven.config(activeforeground='gray')# 8 事件
def eightEvent(event):global labelShow2# 数字前面不能是右括号')'if ('我是周华2022'+labelShow2)[-1] in ')=':returnlabelShow2 += '8'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.eight.config(activeforeground='gray')# 9 事件
def nineEvent(event):global labelShow2# 数字前面不能是右括号')'if ('欢迎大家关注！'+labelShow2)[-1] in ')=':returnlabelShow2 += '9'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.nine.config(activeforeground='gray')# 删除 事件
def clearEvent(event):global labelShow2, operator, operationData, bracketsFlag# 数据初始化bracketsFlag = 0labelShow2 = ''operator = []operationData = []UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.clear.config(activeforeground='gray')# 退格 事件
def backSpaceEvent(event):global labelShow2# 在数据内退格if not operator:labelShow2 = labelShow2[:-1:]# 运算符退格elif operator and operationData:if labelShow2[-1] in '+-×÷%':operator.pop()operationData.pop()labelShow2 = labelShow2[:-1:]UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.backSpace.config(activeforeground='gray')# 求余 事件
def remainderEvent(event):global labelShow2# 首个字符不能出现百分号/求余if not labelShow2:return# 百分号前面不能出现运算符，除了右括号')'elif labelShow2[-1] in '+-×÷%(.=':return# 分割数据,获取数值和运算符elif not operator:operationData.append(labelShow2)elif operator:operationData.append(labelShow2.split(operationData[-1] + operator[-1])[-1])operator.append('%')labelShow2 += '%'print(operator, operationData)UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.remainder.config(activeforeground='gray')# 除法 事件
def divisionEvent(event):global labelShow2# 首个字符不能出现除号if not labelShow2:return# 除号前面不能出现运算符，除了右括号')'和百分号'%'elif labelShow2[-1] in '+-×÷(.=':return# 分割数据,获取数值和运算符elif not operator:operationData.append(labelShow2)elif operator:if labelShow2[-1] == '%':operationData[-1] += operator.pop()else:operationData.append(labelShow2.split(operationData[-1]+operator[-1])[-1])operator.append('÷')labelShow2 += '÷'print(operator, operationData)UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.division.config(activeforeground='gray')# 乘法 事件
def multiplicationEvent(event):global labelShow2# 首个字符不能出现乘号if not labelShow2:return# 乘号前面不能出现运算符，除了右括号')'和百分号'%'elif labelShow2[-1] in '+-×÷(.=':return# 分割数据,获取数值和运算符elif not operator:operationData.append(labelShow2)elif operator:if labelShow2[-1] == '%':operationData[-1] += operator.pop()else:operationData.append(labelShow2.split(operationData[-1] + operator[-1])[-1])operator.append('×')labelShow2 += '×'print(operator, operationData)UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.multiplication.config(activeforeground='gray')# 减法 事件
def subtractionEvent(event):addFlag = 1 # 添加运算符旗帜global labelShow2# 首字符出现减号，视为负号if not labelShow2:addFlag = 0 # 添加运算符旗帜# 减号前面不能出现运算符，除了括号'()'和百分号'%'elif labelShow2[-1] in '+-×÷.=':return# 分割数据,获取数值和运算符elif not operator and labelShow2[-1] not in '(':operationData.append(labelShow2)# 非首个数据elif operator and operationData:if labelShow2[-1] == '%':operationData[-1] += operator.pop()elif labelShow2[-1] == '(':addFlag = 0 # 添加运算符旗帜else:operationData.append(labelShow2.split(operationData[-1] + operator[-1])[-1])else:addFlag = 0# 不保存运算符旗帜if addFlag:operator.append('-')print(operator, operationData)labelShow2 += '-'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.subtraction.config(activeforeground='gray')# 加法 事件
def additionEvent(event):addFlag = 1 # 添加运算符旗帜global labelShow2# 首字符出现加号，视为正号if not labelShow2:addFlag = 0 # 添加运算符旗帜# 加号前面不能出现运算符，除了括号'()'和百分号'%'elif labelShow2[-1] in '+-×÷.=':return# 分割数据,获取数值和运算符elif not operator and labelShow2[-1] not in '(':operationData.append(labelShow2)# 非首个数据elif operator and operationData:if labelShow2[-1] == '%':operationData[-1] += operator.pop()elif labelShow2[-1] == '(':addFlag = 0 # 添加运算符旗帜else:operationData.append(labelShow2.split(operationData[-1] + operator[-1])[-1])else:addFlag = 0# 不保存运算符旗帜if addFlag:operator.append('+')print(operator, operationData)labelShow2 += '+' # 添加加号UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.addition.config(activeforeground='gray')# 等于 事件
def equalEvent(event):global labelShow2, labelShow1labelShow1 = labelShow2 # 显示式子# 首字符不能输入等号if not labelShow2:return# 等号前不能出现的运算符，除了数字、右括号、百分号elif labelShow2[-1] in '+-×÷=.':return# 括号必须成对,elif len(re.findall(r'\(', labelShow2)) != len(re.findall(r'\)', labelShow2)):UI.labelData1.set(labelShow1+'=错误')UI.labelData2.set('括号不完整')return# 等号前面不能是不带括号的正数elif not operator and labelShow2[0] != '+' and not len(re.findall(r'\(', labelShow2)):return# 处理等号前面只有一个数时elif not operator or (labelShow2.strip('()+-')[-1] == '%' and len(operator) == 1 and operator[0] == '%'):subtractionNum = len(re.findall('-', labelShow2)) # 减号数# 查找百分号if labelShow2.strip('()+-')[-1] == '%':num = float(labelShow2.strip('()+-%')) / 100# 奇数负为负，偶数负为正if subtractionNum % 2:labelShow2 = str(-num)else:labelShow2 = str(num)elif labelShow2.strip('()+-')[-1] != '%':num = labelShow2.strip('()+-')# 奇数负为负，偶数负为正if subtractionNum % 2:labelShow2 = '-'+numelse:labelShow2 = num# 复杂运算else:# 防止报错try:# 计算式子结果if resultEvent(event) == '求余错误':returnexcept:UI.labelData1.set(labelShow1 + '=崩溃')UI.labelData2.set('抱歉,小算脑子烧坏了')returnprint(operator, operationData)labelShow1 += '='+labelShow2 # 显示计算的式子UI.labelData1.set(labelShow1)UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.equal.config(activeforeground='gray')# 显示结果后删除存储的数据if operationData:operator.clear()operationData.clear()# 括号 事件
def bracketsEvent(event):global labelShow2, bracketsFlag# 首字符出现左括号'('if not labelShow2:labelShow2 += '('# 左括号前面不能出现数字和小数点elif labelShow2[-1] in '+-×÷(%':labelShow2 += '('# 右括号前面必须是数字和右括号elif labelShow2[-1] not in '+-×÷%(.=' and len(re.findall(r'\(', labelShow2)) != len(re.findall(r'\)', labelShow2)):labelShow2 += ')'# 括号前面的百分号if ('出来单挑啊'+labelShow2)[-2] == '%':bracketsFlag += 1if bracketsFlag % 2:labelShow2 = labelShow2[:-1:]+'('else:labelShow2 = labelShow2[:-1:]+')'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.brackets.config(activeforeground='gray')# 小数点 事件
def ditEvent(event):global labelShow2# 小数点开头或者小数点前面是运算符就补零if not labelShow2 or labelShow2[-1] in '(+-×÷%':labelShow2 += '0'# 小数点前面不能是右括号')'elif labelShow2[-1] in ')=':return# 限制小数点输入(一)elif not operator:if len(re.findall(r'\.', labelShow2)) >= 1:return# 限制小数点输入(二)elif operator and operationData:str = labelShow2.split(operationData[-1]+operator[-1])[-1]if len(re.findall(r'\.', str)) >= 1:returnlabelShow2 += '.'UI.labelData2.set(labelShow2)UI.dit.config(activeforeground='gray')# 计算式子结果
def resultEvent(event):global labelShow1, labelShow2, operator, operationData# 分割最后一个数if labelShow2[-1] == '%':operationData[-1] += operator.pop()else:operationData.append(labelShow2.split(operationData[-1] + operator[-1])[-1])print(operator, operationData)# 化繁为简，逐个括号化简while True:leftBrackets = [] # 左括号rightBrackets = [] # 右括号minBrackets = [] # 最小括号区间# 查找括号，并存储其索引号for i in range(len(operationData)):if '(' in operationData[i]:leftBrackets.append(i)elif ')' in operationData[i]:rightBrackets.append(i)# 判断式子是否有括号if leftBrackets:sign = ''if operationData[leftBrackets[0]][0] == '-':sign = '-'# 找到最里层的括号for i in range(len(rightBrackets)):# 找到了if leftBrackets[-1] < rightBrackets[i]:left = leftBrackets[-1]right = rightBrackets[i]minBrackets.extend([left, right])break# 无括号式子设置if not minBrackets:minBrackets.extend([0, len(operationData)-1])bracketsNum = operationData[minBrackets[0]:minBrackets[1] + 1:]bracketsOperation = operator[minBrackets[0]:minBrackets[1]:]# 左括号数分割bracketsSplit = ''if re.findall(r'\(', bracketsNum[0]):bracketsSplit = bracketsNum[0].split('(')bracketsNum[0] = bracketsSplit[-1]# 化简括号内的式子while True:# 结束循环条件if not bracketsOperation:break# 排除运算错误（除数不为零、求余需整数）for i in range(len(bracketsOperation)):# 让百分号'%'参与运算for j in range(2):if '%' in bracketsNum[i+j]:bracketsNum[i+j] = str(float(bracketsNum[i+j].strip(')')[:-1:])/100)# 查找除号if bracketsOperation[i] == '÷':# 判断除数是否为零if float(bracketsNum[i+1].strip(')')) == 0:UI.labelData1.set(labelShow1 + '=错误')UI.labelData2.set('除数不能为零')return '除数错误'# 查找求余号elif bracketsOperation[i] == '%':# 判断两个数是否为整数for j in range(2):if re.findall(r'\.', bracketsNum[i+j]):UI.labelData1.set(labelShow1 + '=错误')UI.labelData2.set('求余必须为整数')return '求余错误'# 查找乘除求余（优先级高）if bracketsOperation[i] in '×÷%':# 计算两数之积if bracketsOperation[i] == '×':result = float(bracketsNum[i]) * float(bracketsNum[i+1].strip(')'))# 计算两数之商elif bracketsOperation[i] == '÷':result = float(bracketsNum[i]) / float(bracketsNum[i+1].strip(')'))# 计算两数之余elif bracketsOperation[i] == '%':result = float(bracketsNum[i]) % float(bracketsNum[i+1].strip(')'))# 修改括号区间的数据，并进入下一次循环查找bracketsNum.pop(i)bracketsNum.pop(i)bracketsOperation.pop(i)bracketsNum.insert(i, str(result))break# 查找加减（优先级低）elif bracketsOperation[i] in '+-':if '×' in bracketsOperation:continueelif '÷' in bracketsOperation:continueelif '%' in bracketsOperation:continue# 计算两数之和if bracketsOperation[i] == '+':result = float(bracketsNum[i]) + float(bracketsNum[i + 1].strip(')'))# 计算两数之差elif bracketsOperation[i] == '-':result = float(bracketsNum[i]) - float(bracketsNum[i + 1].strip(')'))# 修改括号区间的数据，并进入下一次循环查找bracketsNum.pop(i)bracketsNum.pop(i)bracketsOperation.pop(i)bracketsNum.insert(i, str(result))break# 替换数据之前要补括号leftBracketsNum = len(re.findall(r'\(', operationData[minBrackets[0]]))-1rightBracketsNum = len(re.findall(r'\)', operationData[minBrackets[1]]))-1# 删除数据for i in range(minBrackets[0], minBrackets[1]+1):operationData.pop(minBrackets[0])for i in range(minBrackets[0], minBrackets[1]):operator.pop(minBrackets[0])# 化简一个括号后，根据左括号前正负号改变数值正负号if leftBracketsNum >= 0 and bracketsSplit[-2] == '-':if bracketsNum[0][0] == '-':bracketsNum[0] = bracketsNum[0][1::]else:bracketsNum[0] = '-' + bracketsNum[0]# 合并分割的左括号leftBracketsStr = ''if leftBracketsNum > rightBracketsNum:for i in range(len(bracketsSplit)-2):leftBracketsStr += bracketsSplit[i]+'('bracketsNum[0] = leftBracketsStr + bracketsNum[0]# 补左括号，并插入计算结果数据if leftBracketsNum > rightBracketsNum:operationData.insert(minBrackets[0], f"{bracketsNum[0]}")# 补右括号，并插入计算结果数据elif rightBracketsNum > leftBracketsNum:operationData.insert(minBrackets[0], f"{bracketsNum[0]}{')' * (rightBracketsNum-leftBracketsNum)}")# 删除两边多余的括号，并插入计算结果数据elif leftBracketsNum == rightBracketsNum:string = bracketsNum[0]# 计算左括号的负号数num = 0for i in bracketsSplit[:-2:]:if i == '-':num += 1# 消除括号if leftBracketsNum >= 0 and num:if num % 2:if string[0] == '+':string = '-' + string[1::]elif string[0] != '-':string = '-' + stringelse:if string[0] == '+':string = string[1::]operationData.insert(minBrackets[0], string)# 结束条件循环条件if not operator:labelShow2 = operationData[0]if ('one piece'+operationData[0])[-2::] == '.0':labelShow2 = operationData[0][:-2:]return# 全局变量
import tkinter as tk
import time, re
UI = CalculatorUI() # 计算器UI设计
operator = [] # 运算符
operationData = [] # 运算数据
labelShow1 = '' # 标签内容1
labelShow2 = '' # 标签内容2
bracketsFlag = 0 # 计数旗帜# 主函数
def main():widgetColor() # 组件背景颜色改变UI.base.mainloop() # 保持窗口运行# 代码测试
if __name__ == '__main__':main()
else:print(f'导入{__name__}模块')作者：周华
创作日期：2023/11/5
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