十四、坦克大战(上)

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一、坦克大战游戏演示(略)

二、java绘图坐标体系

三、java绘图技术

3.1 快速入门

package com.gyh.draw;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;/*** @author Gao YongHao* @version 1.0* 演示如何在面板上画出圆形*/
public class DrawCircle extends JFrame { // JFrame 对应窗口,可以理解成一个画框// 定义一个面板private MyPanel mp;public static void main(String[] args) {new DrawCircle();}public DrawCircle() { // 构造器// 初始化面板this.mp = new MyPanel();// 把面板放入到窗口(画框)this.add(this.mp);// 设置窗口的大小this.setSize(400, 300);// 当点击窗口的小X，程序就退出this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);this.setVisible(true);//可以显示}}// 1. 先定义一个MyPanel,继承JPanel类，画图形，就在面板上画
class MyPanel extends JPanel {//说明：// 1. MyPanel 对象就是一个画板// 2. Graphics g 把 g 理解成一支画笔// 3. Graphics 提供了很多绘图的方法@Overridepublic void paint(Graphics g) { //绘图方法super.paint(g);// 调用父类的方法完成初始化
//        System.out.println("paint");g.drawOval(10, 10, 100, 100);}
}

3.2 绘图原理

Graphics类

package com.gyh.draw;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;/*** @author Gao YongHao* @version 1.0* 演示如何在面板上画出圆形*/
public class DrawCircle extends JFrame { // JFrame 对应窗口,可以理解成一个画框// 定义一个面板private MyPanel mp;public static void main(String[] args) {new DrawCircle();}public DrawCircle() { // 构造器// 初始化面板this.mp = new MyPanel();// 把面板放入到窗口(画框)this.add(this.mp);// 设置窗口的大小this.setSize(400, 300);// 当点击窗口的小X，程序就退出this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);this.setVisible(true);//可以显示}}// 1. 先定义一个MyPanel,继承JPanel类，画图形，就在面板上画
class MyPanel extends JPanel {//说明：// 1. MyPanel 对象就是一个画板// 2. Graphics g 把 g 理解成一支画笔// 3. Graphics 提供了很多绘图的方法@Overridepublic void paint(Graphics g) { //绘图方法super.paint(g);// 调用父类的方法完成初始化
//        System.out.println("paint");
//        g.drawOval(10, 10, 100, 100);// 演示绘制不同的图形..// 画直线 drawLine(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2)g.drawLine(10, 10, 100, 100);// 画矩形边框 drawRect(int x1,int y1,width x2,height y2)g.drawRect(10, 10, 100, 100);// 画椭圆边框 drawOval(int x1,int y1,width x2,height y2)g.drawOval(10, 10, 10, 10);// 填充矩形 fillRect(int x1,int y1,width x2,height y2)// 设置画笔的颜色 setColor(Color)g.setColor(Color.BLUE);g.fillRect(10, 10, 100, 100);// 填充椭圆 fillOval(int x1,int y1,width x2,height y2)g.fillOval(10, 10, 100, 100);// 画图片 drawImage(Image img, int x,int y,..)// 1. 获取图片资源,/1.PNG 表示在该项目的根目录去获取 bg.png 图片资源Image image = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(Panel.class.getResource("/1.PNG"));g.drawImage(image, 10, 10, 97, 127, this);// 给画笔设置颜色和字体g.setColor(Color.GREEN);g.setFont(new Font("隶书", Font.BOLD, 50));g.drawString("北京你好", 100, 100);}
}

四、java事件处理机制

package com.gyh.draw;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;/*** @author Gao YongHao* @version 1.0*/
public class TestEvent extends JFrame {private MyPanel2 mp;public static void main(String[] args) {TestEvent TestEvent = new TestEvent();}// 构造器public TestEvent() {mp = new MyPanel2();this.add(mp);this.setSize(400, 300);this.addKeyListener(mp); // 将监听器加入this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);this.setVisible(true);}
}// KeyListener 是监听器，可以监听键盘事件
class MyPanel2 extends JPanel implements KeyListener {// 为了使小球可以移动，我们设置坐标为变量private int x = 10;private int y = 10;@Overridepublic void paint(Graphics g) {super.paint(g);g.fillOval(x, y, 20, 20); // 默认黑色}// 有字符输出时，该方法就会触发@Overridepublic void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {}// 当某个键按下，该方法会触发@Overridepublic void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {// 根据用户按下的不同键，来处理小球的移动（上下左右的键）// 在java中，会给每一个键分配一个值(int)if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) { // KeyEvent.VK_DOWN 就是向下的箭头对应的codey++;} else if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {y--;} else if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) {x--;} else if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {x++;}// 让面板重绘this.repaint();}// 当某个键释放（松开了），该方法会触发@Overridepublic void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
//        System.out.println((char) e.getKeyCode());}
}

五、绘制坦克

5.1 坦克抽象类、己方坦克、敌方坦克

package com.gyh.draw;import java.awt.*;/*** @author Gao YongHao* @version 1.0*/
public abstract class Tank {private int x;// 坦克的横坐标(中心)private int y;// 坦克的纵坐标（中心）private int width = 40;// 坦克的宽private int height = 60;// 坦克的高private Color c; // 坦克的颜色private Direction d = Direction.UP; // 方向(默认为向上)enum Direction {UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT;}public Tank(int x, int y, int width, int height, Color c) {this.x = x;this.y = y;this.width = width;this.height = height;this.c = c;}public Tank(int x, int y, Color c) {this.x = x;this.y = y;this.c = c;}private void drawTankLeftOrRight(Graphics g) {// 上面的矩形的宽和高int topWidth = height, topHeight = width / 4;// 上面矩阵的坐标int topX = x - topWidth / 2, topY = y - 2 * topHeight;
//        int topX = x, topY = y;// 绘制上面的矩形g.fill3DRect(topX, topY, topWidth, topHeight, false);// 绘制中间的矩形g.fill3DRect(topX + topWidth / 6, topY + topHeight, topWidth * 2 / 3, 2 * topHeight, false);// 绘制中间的圆形g.fillOval(topX + topWidth / 3, topY + topHeight, 2 * topHeight, 2 * topHeight);// 绘制中间的直线(左或右)if (d == Direction.LEFT) {g.drawLine(topX, topY + topHeight * 2, topX + topWidth / 3, topY + topHeight * 2);} else {g.drawLine(topX + topWidth * 2 / 3, topY + topHeight * 2, topX + topWidth, topY + topHeight * 2);}// 绘制下面的矩形g.fill3DRect(topX, topY + 3 * topHeight, topWidth, topHeight, false);}private void drawTankUpOrDown(Graphics g) {// 左边矩形的宽和高int leftWidth = width / 4, leftHeight = height;// 左边矩形的位置坐标int leftX = x - 2 * leftWidth, leftY = y - height / 2;
//        int leftX = x, leftY = y;g.fill3DRect(leftX, leftY, leftWidth, leftHeight, false);// 中间矩形g.fill3DRect(leftX + leftWidth, leftY + leftHeight / 6, leftWidth * 2, leftHeight * 2 / 3, false);//中间圆形g.fillOval(leftX + leftWidth, leftY + leftHeight / 3, leftWidth * 2, leftWidth * 2);//中间直线(上与下有区别)if (d == Direction.UP) {g.drawLine(leftX + leftWidth * 2, leftY + leftHeight / 3, leftX + leftWidth * 2, leftY);} else {g.drawLine(leftX + leftWidth * 2, leftY + leftHeight * 2 / 3, leftX + leftWidth * 2, leftY + leftHeight);}// 右边矩形g.fill3DRect(leftX + leftWidth * 3, leftY, leftWidth, leftHeight, false);}public void drawTank(Graphics g) {// 设置颜色g.setColor(c);if (d == Direction.UP || d == Direction.DOWN) {drawTankUpOrDown(g);} else {drawTankLeftOrRight(g);}}public Direction getD() {return d;}public void setD(Direction d) {this.d = d;}public int getX() {return x;}public void setX(int x) {this.x = x;}public int getY() {return y;}public void setY(int y) {this.y = y;}public int getWidth() {return width;}public void setWidth(int width) {this.width = width;}public int getHeight() {return height;}public void setHeight(int height) {this.height = height;}
}

package com.gyh.draw;import java.awt.*;/*** @author Gao YongHao* @version 1.0*/
public class Hero extends Tank {public Hero(int x, int y, int width, int height) {super(x, y, width, height, Color.yellow);}public Hero(int x, int y) {super(x, y, Color.yellow);}}

package com.gyh.draw;import java.awt.*;/*** @author Gao YongHao* @version 1.0*/
public class Enemy extends Tank {public Enemy(int x, int y, int width, int height) {super(x, y, width, height, Color.cyan);}public Enemy(int x, int y) {super(x, y, Color.cyan);}
}

5.2 自定义面板

package com.gyh.draw;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Vector;/*** @author Gao YongHao* @version 1.0*/
public class MyPanel1 extends JPanel implements KeyListener {// 背景的宽和高private static final int BACKGROUND_WIDTH = 1000;private static final int BACKGROUND_HEIGHT = 750;// 坦克的宽和高private static final int WIDTH = 40;private static final int HEIGHT = 60;// 定义我的坦克Hero hero;// 定义敌方坦克Vector<Enemy> enemys;// 定义敌方坦克数int enemyTankNum = 3;public MyPanel1() {hero = new Hero(100, 100, WIDTH, HEIGHT);// 初始化自己的坦克enemys = new Vector<>();for (int i = 0; i < enemyTankNum; i++) {Enemy e = new Enemy(200+i*100, 200);e.setD(Tank.Direction.DOWN);enemys.add(e);}}@Overridepublic void paint(Graphics g) {super.paint(g);g.fillRect(0, 0, BACKGROUND_WIDTH, BACKGROUND_HEIGHT); // 填充矩形，默认是黑色hero.drawTank(g);for (Enemy e : enemys) {e.drawTank(g);}}@Overridepublic void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {}@Overridepublic void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {int speed = 4;int dis = 0;if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) { // 向下hero.setD(Tank.Direction.DOWN); // 朝下// 设置dis = (dis = hero.getY() + speed) + HEIGHT / 2 > BACKGROUND_HEIGHT ? BACKGROUND_HEIGHT - HEIGHT / 2 : dis;hero.setY(dis); // 向下走} else if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_UP) { // 向上hero.setD(Tank.Direction.UP); // 朝上dis = (dis = hero.getY() - speed) - HEIGHT / 2 < 0 ? HEIGHT / 2 : dis;hero.setY(dis);} else if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) { // 向左hero.setD(Tank.Direction.LEFT);dis = (dis = hero.getX() - speed) - HEIGHT / 2 < 0 ? HEIGHT / 2 : dis;hero.setX(dis);} else if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) { // 向右hero.setD(Tank.Direction.RIGHT);dis = (dis = hero.getX() + speed) + HEIGHT / 2 > BACKGROUND_WIDTH ? BACKGROUND_WIDTH - HEIGHT / 2 : dis;hero.setX(dis);}repaint();}@Overridepublic void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {}
}

5.3 绘图界面

package com.gyh.draw;import javax.swing.*;/*** @author Gao YongHao* @version 1.0*/
public class GyhTankGame01 extends JFrame {// 定义一个 MyPanel1MyPanel1 mp;public static void main(String[] args) {new GyhTankGame01();}public GyhTankGame01() {mp = new MyPanel1();this.add(mp); // 把面板（就是游戏的绘图区域）this.setSize(1200, 800);this.addKeyListener(mp);this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);this.setVisible(true);}
}

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