Spark入门教程及经验总结

本文主要是介绍Spark入门教程及经验总结，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题导读：

1.cluster mode 模式运行包含哪些流程？

2.yarn mode 运行模式有什么特点？

3..在关闭http file server进程时，遇到什么错误？

• 将/usr/lib/spark/examples/lib/spark-examples-1.1.0-cdh5.2.0-hadoop2.5.0-cdh5.2.0.jar 移动到/usr/lib/spark/lib/spark-examples-1.1.0-cdh5.2.0-hadoop2.5.0-cdh5.2.0.jar
  

• 执行程序  ./bin/run-example SparkPi 10
  

• 日志分析：
  • 程序检查ip,host,SecurityManager
    
  • 启动sparkDriver。通过akka工具启动一个tcp监听 [akka.tcp://sparkDriver@192.168.128.131:42960]
    
  • 启动MapOutputTracker，BlockManagerMaster
    
  • 启动一个block manager，也就是ConnectionManagerId(192.168.128.131,41898)，其中包含一个MemoryStore
    
  • 通过netty启动一个HTTP file server：SocketConnector@0.0.0.0:55161
    
  • 启动一个sparkUI：http://192.168.128.131:4040
  • 通过http上传本地程序运行Jar包
    
  • 连接 HeartbeatReceiver: akka.tcp://sparkDriver@192.168.128.131:42960/user/HeartbeatReceiver
    
  • Starting job: reduce
    • 分析中job，有stage 0 (MappedRDD[1])
      
    • 添加并启动运行task  Submitting 10 missing tasks from Stage 0
    • 通过http协议获取程序jar包，并添加到classloader
    • 完成task后，将结果发送到driver
    • scheduler.DAGScheduler完成Stage的所有task
    • 在localhost的scheduler.TaskSetManager收集完成的task
      
    • job finished
      
    
    
  • Stop Spark Web UI
    
  • Stop DAGScheduler
    
  • MapOutputTrackerActor stopped
    
  • stop ConnectionManager
    
  • MemoryStore cleared
    
  • BlockManager stopped
    
  • Shutting down remote daemon.
    
  • Successfully stopped SparkContext
    
  
  

• SparkContext 连接cluster Manager (either Spark’s own standalone cluster manager or Mesos/YARN),
  

• spark Application向Cluster Manager请求资源 executors (运行计算和存储数据的线程)
  

• 将程序Jar包或者python程序分发到executors
  

• SparkContext发送tasks到executors上运行
  

• Standalone Spark 内置的cluster manager，可以快速启动一个集群
• Apache Mesos 一个通用的Cluster manger，可以运行hadoop的Mapreduce和其他Service applications
• Hadoop YARN Hadoop 2中的Clustger Manager
  

Term	Meaning
Application	User program built on Spark. Consists of a driver program and executors on the cluster.
Application jar	A jar containing the user's Spark application. In some cases users will want to create an "uber jar" containing their application along with its dependencies. The user's jar should never include Hadoop or Spark libraries, however, these will be added at runtime.
Driver program	The process running the main() function of the application and creating the SparkContext
Cluster manager	An external service for acquiring resources on the cluster (e.g. standalone manager, Mesos, YARN)
Deploy mode	Distinguishes where the driver process runs. In "cluster" mode, the framework launches the driver inside of the cluster. In "client" mode, the submitter launches the driver outside of the cluster.
Worker node	Any node that can run application code in the cluster
Executor	A process launched for an application on a worker node, that runs tasks and keeps data in memory or disk storage across them. Each application has its own executors.
Task	A unit of work that will be sent to one executor
Job	A parallel computation consisting of multiple tasks that gets spawned in response to a Spark action (e.g. save, collect); you'll see this term used in the driver's logs.
Stage	Each job gets divided into smaller sets of tasks called stages that depend on each other (similar to the map and reduce stages in MapReduce); you'll see this term used in the driver's logs.

• 运行成功后，无任何输出，输出都在日志中
  

• 程序的运行有yarn来控制，spark只是检测程序的状态，状态为success，即运行成功
  

• spark向RM申请一个Container作为调度container（此时启动的SparkUI端口随机）
• 请求Executors（默认2个， Container request (host: Any, priority: 1, capability: <memory:1408, vCores:1>）
  

• Received new token for : quickstart.cloudera:48622
  

• 根据resources and environment and commands, open proxy
  

• start progress reporter
  

• 在YarnClusterSchedulerBackend,BlockManagerMasterActor,MemoryStore等服务启动
• 在SparkContext中Starting job
  

• TasksetManager中starting task with TID 0,1
  

• 任务调度由scheduler.DAGScheduler执行，根据job和job中tasks进行任务执行，Taskset will be removed ,when completed
  

• job全部执行结束，Stopped Spark web UI,Stopping DAGScheduler,Shutting down all executors
  

• executors应该是可以重用
• executors通过CoarseGrainedExecutorBackend 获取分配的任务，关闭的时候，Driver commanded a shutdown
• 在关闭http file server进程时，遇到错误
  

14/11/05 20:17:40 WARN thread.QueuedThreadPool: 1 threads could not be stopped 14/11/05 20:17:40 INFO thread.QueuedThreadPool: Couldn't stop Thread[qtp26737473-36 Acceptor0SocketConnector@0.0.0.0:39213,5,main] 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO thread.QueuedThreadPool:  at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketAccept(Native Method) 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO thread.QueuedThreadPool:  at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.accept(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:398) 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO thread.QueuedThreadPool:  at java.net.ServerSocket.implAccept(ServerSocket.java:530) 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO thread.QueuedThreadPool:  at java.net.ServerSocket.accept(ServerSocket.java:498) 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO thread.QueuedThreadPool:  at org.eclipse.jetty.server.bio.SocketConnector.accept(SocketConnector.java:117) 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO thread.QueuedThreadPool:  at org.eclipse.jetty.server.AbstractConnector$Acceptor.run(AbstractConnector.java:938) 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO thread.QueuedThreadPool:  at org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.runJob(QueuedThreadPool.java:608) 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO thread.QueuedThreadPool:  at org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool$3.run(QueuedThreadPool.java:543) 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO thread.QueuedThreadPool:  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO network.ConnectionManager: Key not valid ? sun.nio.ch.SelectionKeyImpl@2cc51248 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO spark.MapOutputTrackerMasterActor: MapOutputTrackerActor stopped! 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO network.ConnectionManager: Removing SendingConnection to ConnectionManagerId(quickstart.cloudera,48234) 14/11/05 20:17:41 INFO network.ConnectionManager: Removing SendingConnection to ConnectionManagerId(quickstart.cloudera,52620) 14/11/05 20:17:42 INFO network.ConnectionManager: key already cancelled ? sun.nio.ch.SelectionKeyImpl@2cc51248 java.nio.channels.CancelledKeyException at org.apache.spark.network.ConnectionManager.run(ConnectionManager.scala:386) at org.apache.spark.network.ConnectionManager$$anon$4.run(ConnectionManager.scala:139) 14/11/05 20:17:42 INFO network.ConnectionManager: Key not valid ? sun.nio.ch.SelectionKeyImpl@69aaccdf 14/11/05 20:17:42 INFO network.ConnectionManager: key already cancelled ? sun.nio.ch.SelectionKeyImpl@69aaccdf java.nio.channels.CancelledKeyException at org.apache.spark.network.ConnectionManager.run(ConnectionManager.scala:386) at org.apache.spark.network.ConnectionManager$$anon$4.run(ConnectionManager.scala:139)

• 配置spark-defaults.conf 中jobhistory中的配置
  

• 启动 spark-history-server 服务
• 此时，在yarn 集群中提交的服务日志会上传的hdfs上，在RM:8088页面中可以直接调整到spark页面进行查看
  

• spark-submit --class com.wankun.sparktest.WordCount --master yarn-cluster --driver-memory 385m --executor-memory 410m  target/sparktest-1.0.0.jar /tmp/test1 2
  

• 支持参数
  

hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /user/spark/share/lib hadoop dfs -put /usr/lib/spark/assembly/lib/spark-assembly-1.1.0-cdh5.2.0-hadoop2.5.0-cdh5.2.0.jar /user/spark/share/lib/spark-assembly.jar hadoop dfs -chmod -R 777 /user/spark/ 在spark-env.sh中配置 export SPARK_JAR=hdfs://quickstart.cloudera:8020/user/spark/share/lib/spark-assembly.jar

• stages and tasks,
  

• RDD sizes and memory usage
  

• Environmental
  

• executors
  

export STANDALONE_SPARK_MASTER_HOST="192.168.128.131" export SPARK_MASTER_IP=$STANDALONE_SPARK_MASTER_HOST ### Let's run everything with JVM runtime, instead of Scala export SPARK_LAUNCH_WITH_SCALA=0 export SPARK_LIBRARY_PATH=${SPARK_HOME}/lib export SCALA_LIBRARY_PATH=${SPARK_HOME}/lib export SPARK_MASTER_WEBUI_PORT=18080 export SPARK_MASTER_IP="192.168.128.131" export SPARK_MASTER_PORT=7077 export SPARK_WORKER_CORES=1 export SPARK_WORKER_MEMORY=100m export SPARK_WORKER_PORT=7078 export SPARK_WORKER_INSTANCES=1 export SPARK_WORKER_WEBUI_PORT=18081 export SPARK_WORKER_DIR=/var/run/spark/work export SPARK_LOG_DIR=/var/log/spark export SPARK_PID_DIR='/var/run/spark/' if [ -n "$HADOOP_HOME" ]; then   export SPARK_LIBRARY_PATH=$SPARK_LIBRARY_PATH:${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/native fi export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_CONF_DIR:-/etc/hadoop/conf}

Master URL	Meaning
local	Run Spark locally with one worker thread (i.e. no parallelism at all).
local[K]	Run Spark locally with K worker threads (ideally, set this to the number of cores on your machine).
local	Run Spark locally with as many worker threads as logical cores on your machine.
spark://HOST:PORT	Connect to the given Spark standalone cluster master. The port must be whichever one your master is configured to use, which is 7077 by default.
mesos://HOST:PORT	Connect to the given Mesos cluster. The port must be whichever one your is configured to use, which is 5050 by default. Or, for a Mesos cluster using ZooKeeper, use mesos://zk://....
yarn-client	Connect to a YARN cluster in client mode. The cluster location will be found based on the HADOOP_CONF_DIR variable.
yarn-cluster	Connect to a YARN cluster in cluster mode. The cluster location will be found based on HADOOP_CONF_DIR.

Transformation	Meaning
map(func)	Return a new distributed dataset formed by passing each element of the source through a function func. a1 --> b1 a2 --> b2 a3 --> b3
filter(func)	Return a new dataset formed by selecting those elements of the source on which func returns true.
flatMap(func)	Similar to map, but each input item can be mapped to 0 or more output items (so func should return a Seq rather than a single item).
mapPartitions(func)	Similar to map, but runs separately on each partition (block) of the RDD, so func must be of type Iterator<T> => Iterator<U> when running on an RDD of type T.
mapPartitionsWithIndex(func)	Similar to mapPartitions, but also provides func with an integer value representing the index of the partition, so func must be of type (Int, Iterator<T>) => Iterator<U> when running on an RDD of type T.
sample(withReplacement,fraction, seed)	Sample a fraction fraction of the data, with or without replacement, using a given random number generator seed.
union(otherDataset)	Return a new dataset that contains the union of the elements in the source dataset and the argument.
intersection(otherDataset)	Return a new RDD that contains the intersection of elements in the source dataset and the argument.
distinct([numTasks]))	Return a new dataset that contains the distinct elements of the source dataset.
groupByKey([numTasks])	When called on a dataset of (K, V) pairs, returns a dataset of (K, Iterable<V>) pairs. Note: If you are grouping in order to perform an aggregation (such as a sum or average) over each key, using reduceByKey or combineByKey will yield much better performance. Note: By default, the level of parallelism in the output depends on the number of partitions of the parent RDD. You can pass an optional numTasks argument to set a different number of tasks.
reduceByKey(func, [numTasks])	When called on a dataset of (K, V) pairs, returns a dataset of (K, V) pairs where the values for each key are aggregated using the given reduce function func, which must be of type (V,V) => V. Like ingroupByKey, the number of reduce tasks is configurable through an optional second argument.
aggregateByKey(zeroValue)(seqOp, combOp, [numTasks])	When called on a dataset of (K, V) pairs, returns a dataset of (K, U) pairs where the values for each key are aggregated using the given combine functions and a neutral "zero" value. Allows an aggregated value type that is different than the input value type, while avoiding unnecessary allocations. Like in groupByKey, the number of reduce tasks is configurable through an optional second argument.
sortByKey([ascending], [numTasks])	When called on a dataset of (K, V) pairs where K implements Ordered, returns a dataset of (K, V) pairs sorted by keys in ascending or descending order, as specified in the boolean ascending argument.
join(otherDataset, [numTasks])	When called on datasets of type (K, V) and (K, W), returns a dataset of (K, (V, W)) pairs with all pairs of elements for each key. Outer joins are also supported through leftOuterJoin and rightOuterJoin.
cogroup(otherDataset, [numTasks])	When called on datasets of type (K, V) and (K, W), returns a dataset of (K, Iterable<V>, Iterable<W>) tuples. This operation is also called groupWith.
cartesian(otherDataset)	When called on datasets of types T and U, returns a dataset of (T, U) pairs (all pairs of elements).
pipe(command, [envVars])	Pipe each partition of the RDD through a shell command, e.g. a Perl or bash script. RDD elements are written to the process's stdin and lines output to its stdout are returned as an RDD of strings.
coalesce(numPartitions)	Decrease the number of partitions in the RDD to numPartitions. Useful for running operations more efficiently after filtering down a large dataset.
repartition(numPartitions)	Reshuffle the data in the RDD randomly to create either more or fewer partitions and balance it across them. This always shuffles all data over the network.
mapToPair	JavaPairRDD ---> JavaPairRDD JavaPairRDD<Integer, Integer> tc; JavaPairRDD<Integer, Integer> edges = tc.mapToPair(       new PairFunction<Tuple2<Integer, Integer>, Integer, Integer>() {         @Override         public Tuple2<Integer, Integer> call(Tuple2<Integer, Integer> e) {           return new Tuple2<Integer, Integer>(e._2(), e._1());         }     });

Action	Meaning
reduce(func)	Aggregate the elements of the dataset using a function func (which takes two arguments and returns one). The function should be commutative and associative so that it can be computed correctly in parallel. a1,a2 --> b1 a2,a3 --> b2 a3,a4 --> b3
collect()	Return all the elements of the dataset as an array at the driver program. This is usually useful after a filter or other operation that returns a sufficiently small subset of the data.
count()	Return the number of elements in the dataset.
first()	Return the first element of the dataset (similar to take(1)).
take(n)	Return an array with the first n elements of the dataset. Note that this is currently not executed in parallel. Instead, the driver program computes all the elements.
takeSample(withReplacement,num, [seed])	Return an array with a random sample of num elements of the dataset, with or without replacement, optionally pre-specifying a random number generator seed.
takeOrdered(n, [ordering])	Return the first n elements of the RDD using either their natural order or a custom comparator.
saveAsTextFile(path)	Write the elements of the dataset as a text file (or set of text files) in a given directory in the local filesystem, HDFS or any other Hadoop-supported file system. Spark will call toString on each element to convert it to a line of text in the file.
saveAsSequenceFile(path) (Java and Scala)	Write the elements of the dataset as a Hadoop SequenceFile in a given path in the local filesystem, HDFS or any other Hadoop-supported file system. This is available on RDDs of key-value pairs that either implement Hadoop's Writable interface. In Scala, it is also available on types that are implicitly convertible to Writable (Spark includes conversions for basic types like Int, Double, String, etc).
saveAsObjectFile(path) (Java and Scala)	Write the elements of the dataset in a simple format using Java serialization, which can then be loaded usingSparkContext.objectFile().
countByKey()	Only available on RDDs of type (K, V). Returns a hashmap of (K, Int) pairs with the count of each key.
foreach(func)	Run a function func on each element of the dataset. This is usually done for side effects such as updating an accumulator variable (see below) or interacting with external storage systems.

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