ArkTS开发系列之导航 (2.7动画)

2024-06-24 08:04

本文主要是介绍ArkTS开发系列之导航 (2.7动画),希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!

上篇回顾: ArkTS开发系列之导航 (2.6 图形)

本篇内容:动画的学习使用

一、 知识储备

1. 布局更新动画

  • 包含显式动画(animateTo)和属性动画(animation)
动画类型名称特点
显式动画闭包内的变化都会触发动画执行, 可以做较复杂的动画
属性动画属性变化时触发动画执行, 设置简单

说白了,显示动画就是靠闭包事件触发,属性动画是挂在组件身上的属性变化触发

  • 显式动画 可以通过修改组件的布局方式、宽高、位置触发动画
 animateTo({ duration: 1000, curve: Curve.Ease }, () => {// 动画闭包中根据标志位改变控制第一个Button宽高的状态变量,使第一个Button做宽高动画if (this.flag) {this.myWidth = 100;this.myHeight = 50;} else {this.myWidth = 200;this.myHeight = 100;}this.flag = !this.flag;});
  • 属性动画
 Image($r('app.media.ic_hm_logo')).width(160).height(160).alignRules({top: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Top },right: { anchor: '__container__', align: this.itemAlign }}).margin({ top: this.mTop, right: 35 }).id('logo').animation({ duration: 1000, curve: Curve.Ease }) //animation只对上面的设置生效.onClick(() => {this.mTop = 111})

2. 组件内转场动画(transition)

  • transition常见用法
Button()   //删除插入同一个动画.transition({ type: TransitionType.All, scale: { x: 0, y: 0 } })
Button()//删除插入不同动画.transition({ type: TransitionType.Insert, translate: { x: 200, y: -200 }, opacity: 0 }).transition({ type: TransitionType.Delete, rotate: { x: 0, y: 0, z: 1, angle: 360 } })

3. 弹簧曲线动画

  • 分为两类,一个springCurve,一个springMotion和responsiveSpringMotion。
  • springCurve
springCurve(velocity: number, mass: number, stiffness: number, damping: number)
//velocity:  初速度
//mass:弹簧系统的质量
//stiffness:弹簧系统的刚度
//damping:弹簧系统的阻尼
  • springMotion和responsiveSpringMotion。此动画适合跟手动画,duration设置无效。跟手过程推荐使用responsiveSpringMotion,松手时使用springMotion
springMotion(response?: number, dampingFraction?: number, overlapDuration?: number)
responsiveSpringMotion(response?: number, dampingFraction?: number, overlapDuration?: number)
//response:可选参数 弹簧自然振动周期
//dampingFraction:可选参数阻尼系数
//overlapDuration:可选参数弹性动画衔接时长
  • 注意: springCurve可以设置初速度,单一属性存在多个动画时,可以正常叠加动画效果。springMotion,由于开发者不可修改速度机制,所以在单一属性存在多个动画时,后一动画会取代前一动画。并继承前一动画的速度
  .onTouch(event => {if (event.type == TouchType.Move) {animateTo({ curve: curves.responsiveSpringMotion() }, () => {this.mRight = event.touches[0].screenX - 80;})} else if (event.type == TouchType.Up) {animateTo({curve: curves.springMotion()}, ()=>{this.mRight = 35;})}})

4. 放大缩小动画

  • sharedTransition,
  • Exchange类型的共享元素转场动画,就是前后两个页面都设置有相同id的动画,那么转场时,将会自动触发缩放动画
      .sharedTransition('sharedTransition', { duration: 1000, curve: Curve.Linear })
  • Static类型的共享元素转场动画, 只需要在一个页面设置即可,在转换页面时自动触发透明度从0到该组件原设定的的透明度的动画。位置等其他属性不变
   .sharedTransition('input', { duration: 500, curve: Curve.Linear, type: SharedTransitionEffectType.Static })

5. 页面转场动画

  • 页面转场切换时,效果触发在页面上,在pageTransition函数中设置PageTransitionEntert和PageTransitionExit动画
PageTransitionEnter({type?: RouteType,duration?: number,curve?: Curve | string,delay?: number})
PageTransitionExit({type?: RouteType,duration?: number,curve?: Curve | string,delay?: number})
//type:默认是RouteType.None表示对页面栈的push和pop操作均生效,
//duration: 动画时长
//curve: 动画效果
//delay: 动画延时
转场动画设置pageTransition() {PageTransitionEnter({ type: RouteType.Push, duration: 1000, }).slide(SlideEffect.Right)PageTransitionEnter({ type: RouteType.Pop, duration: 1000, }).slide(SlideEffect.Left)PageTransitionExit({type: RouteType.Push, duration: 1000}).slide(SlideEffect.Left)PageTransitionExit({type: RouteType.Pop, duration: 1000}).slide(SlideEffect.Right)}

二、 效果一览

在这里插入图片描述

三、 源码剖析

import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction';
import picker from '@ohos.file.picker';
import thermal from '@ohos.thermal';
import router from '@ohos.router';
import curves from '@ohos.curves';@Component
@Entry
struct LoginPage {@State account: string = '';@State password: string = '';dialog: CustomDialogController = new CustomDialogController({builder: TipDialog({cancel: this.onCancel,commit: this.onCommit,msg: this.account}),alignment: DialogAlignment.Center});onCancel() {promptAction.showToast({ message: '取消登录' })}onCommit() {promptAction.showToast({ message: '登录成功' })router.pushUrl({ url: 'pages/router/MyRouter' })}@State color: Color = 0x1f2937;@State itemAlign: HorizontalAlign = HorizontalAlign.CenterallAlign: HorizontalAlign[] = [HorizontalAlign.Center, HorizontalAlign.End]alignIndex: number = 0;@State mTop: number = 106@State flag: boolean = true@State translateX: number = 0;@State mRight: number = 35;build() {Column() {RelativeContainer() {// Photo()Text('欢迎登录').fontSize(25).fontColor(this.color).margin({ top: 111, left: 33 }).id('tips').alignRules({top: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Top },left: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Start }}).width('100%').fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)Image($r('app.media.ic_hm_logo')).width(160).height(160).alignRules({top: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Top },right: { anchor: '__container__', align: this.itemAlign }}).margin({ top: this.mTop, right: this.mRight }).id('logo').animation({ duration: 1000, curve: Curve.Ease }) //animation只对上面的设置生效  属性动画.onTouch(event => {if (event.type == TouchType.Move) {animateTo({ curve: curves.responsiveSpringMotion() }, () => {this.mRight = event.touches[0].screenX - 80;})} else if (event.type == TouchType.Up) {animateTo({ curve: curves.springMotion() }, () => {this.mRight = 35;})}}).onClick(() => {if (this.mTop == 111) {this.mTop = 106} else {this.mTop = 111;}animateTo({ curve: Curve.LinearOutSlowIn, duration: 1000 }, () => {this.flag = !this.flag;})this.translateX = -1;animateTo({ curve: curves.springCurve(2000, 1, 1, 1.2), duration: 1000 }, () => {this.translateX = 0;})})if (this.flag) {Image($r('app.media.ic_hm_logo')).width(160).height(160).alignRules({top: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Top },right: { anchor: '__container__', align: this.itemAlign }}).margin({ top: 580, right: 35 }).id('bottom_logo').translate({ x: this.translateX }).transition({ type: TransitionType.Insert, opacity: 1, scale: { x: 0, y: 0 } }).transition({ type: TransitionType.Delete, opacity: 0, scale: { x: 0, y: 0 } })}Image($r('app.media.ic_hm_logo')).width(160).height(160).alignRules({top: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Top },right: { anchor: '__container__', align: this.itemAlign }}).margin({ top: 600, right: 35 }).id('bottom_animateTo').translate({ x: this.translateX }).sharedTransition('sharedTransition', { duration: 1000, curve: Curve.Linear }).onClick(() => {router.pushUrl({ url: 'pages/router/MyRouter' })})Text('用户名:').fontSize(14).fontColor(this.color).alignRules({top: { anchor: 'tips', align: VerticalAlign.Bottom },left: { anchor: 'tips', align: HorizontalAlign.Start }}).margin({ top: 140, left: 33 }).height(20).textAlign(TextAlign.Center).id('account').width(60)TextInput({ placeholder: '请输入账号' }).alignRules({top: { anchor: 'account', align: VerticalAlign.Bottom },left: { anchor: 'account', align: HorizontalAlign.Start }}).margin({ top: 13, left: 33, right: 33 }).id("etAccount").height(46).fontColor(this.color).onChange(val => {this.account = val;})Text('密码:').fontSize(14).fontColor('#333333').alignRules({top: { anchor: 'etAccount', align: VerticalAlign.Bottom },left: { anchor: 'etAccount', align: HorizontalAlign.Start }}).width(60).height(20).margin({ top: 15, left: 33 }).textAlign(TextAlign.Center).id('password')TextInput({ placeholder: '请输入密码' }).alignRules({top: { anchor: 'password', align: VerticalAlign.Bottom },left: { anchor: 'password', align: HorizontalAlign.Start }}).type(InputType.Password).margin({ top: 13, left: 33, right: 33 }).id("etPassword").height(46).onChange(val => {this.password = val;})Toggle({ type: ToggleType.Checkbox }).onChange((isChecked) => {if (isChecked) {promptAction.showToast({ message: "记住账号密码" })} else {promptAction.showToast({ message: "不记住密码" })}}).alignRules({top: { anchor: 'password', align: VerticalAlign.Bottom },left: { anchor: 'password', align: HorizontalAlign.Start }}).height(15).margin({top: 80, left: 33}).id('isRecord')Text('记住密码').fontColor("#999999").fontSize(12).height(15).margin({top: 80,left: 6}).alignRules({top: { anchor: 'password', align: VerticalAlign.Bottom },left: { anchor: 'isRecord', align: HorizontalAlign.End }}).id('tvRecord')Button('登录', { type: ButtonType.Capsule, stateEffect: true }).onClick(() => {this.dialog.open()animateTo({ duration: 10000, curve: Curve.LinearOutSlowIn }, () => { //显式动画this.alignIndex = (this.alignIndex + 1) % this.allAlign.length;this.itemAlign = this.allAlign[this.alignIndex]})}).alignRules({top: {anchor: 'tvRecord', align: VerticalAlign.Bottom},left: { anchor: 'etAccount', align: HorizontalAlign.Start },right: { anchor: 'etAccount', align: HorizontalAlign.End }}).height(47).margin({right: 23,top: 19,left: 23}).backgroundColor(0x00c250).type(ButtonType.Capsule).id('btCommit')}.width('100%').height('100%')}}pageTransition() {PageTransitionEnter({ type: RouteType.Push, duration: 1000, }).slide(SlideEffect.Right)PageTransitionEnter({ type: RouteType.Pop, duration: 1000, }).slide(SlideEffect.Left)PageTransitionExit({ type: RouteType.Push, duration: 1000 }).slide(SlideEffect.Left)PageTransitionExit({ type: RouteType.Pop, duration: 1000 }).slide(SlideEffect.Right)}
}@CustomDialog
struct TipDialog {dialogController: CustomDialogController;cancel: () => voidcommit: () => voidmsg: string;build() {Column() {Text('确定登录当前账号“' + this.msg + '”吗').fontColor(Color.Red).fontSize(44)Row() {Button('确定').type(ButtonType.Capsule).onClick(() => {this.commit()this.dialogController.close()})Button('取消').type(ButtonType.Capsule).onClick(() => {this.cancel()this.dialogController.close()})}}}
}@Component
struct Photo {@State imgListData: string[] = [];getAllImg() { //获取照片url集try {let photoSelectOptions = new picker.PhotoSelectOptions(); //媒体库选择器设置photoSelectOptions.MIMEType = picker.PhotoViewMIMETypes.IMAGE_TYPE; //图片类型photoSelectOptions.maxSelectNumber = 5; //最多 选取五张let photoPicker = new picker.PhotoViewPicker; //初始化图片选择器photoPicker.select(photoSelectOptions).then(photoSelectResult => { //选择结果回调this.imgListData = photoSelectResult.photoUris;console.error(`imgListData size is ${this.imgListData.length}`)}).catch(err => {console.error(`select failed code is ${err.code}, msg : ${err.message}`)})} catch (err) {console.error(`load photo failed ${err.code}, msg: ${err.message}`)}}async aboutToAppear() {this.getAllImg(); //获取图片url}build() {}
}
import http from '@ohos.net.http';
import ResponseCode from '@ohos.net.http';
import image from '@ohos.multimedia.image';
import picker from '@ohos.file.picker';
import router from '@ohos.router';@Entry
@Component
struct MyRouter {private tabsController: TabsController = new TabsController();@State currentIndex: number = 0;@Builder TabBuild(title: string, targetIndex: number, SelectedImg: Resource, normalImg: Resource) {Column() { //自定义tabImage(this.currentIndex == targetIndex ? SelectedImg : normalImg).size({ width: 25, height: 25 })Text(title).fontSize(16).fontColor(this.currentIndex == targetIndex ? 0x00c250 : 0x333333)}.width('100%').height(48).justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center).onClick(() => {console.error(`targetIndex is ${targetIndex}`)this.currentIndex = targetIndex;this.tabsController.changeIndex(this.currentIndex)})}@State image: PixelMap = undefined; //创建PixelMap状态变量private imgUrl: string = 'https://img1.baidu.com/it/u=3241660985,1063915045&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=800&h=1194';loadImg() { //获取网络美女图片http.createHttp().request(this.imgUrl, (err, data) => {if (err) {console.error(`err is ${JSON.stringify(err)}`)} else {let code = data.responseCode;if (ResponseCode.ResponseCode.OK == code) {let res: any = data.result;let imageSource = image.createImageSource(res)let options = {alphaTye: 0, //透明度editable: false, //是否可编辑pixelFormat: 3, //像素格式scaleMode: 1, //缩略值size: { height: 100, wight: 100 } //创建图片大小}imageSource.createPixelMap(options).then(pixelMap => {this.image = pixelMap;})}}})}aboutToAppear() {// this.context = getContext();this.loadImg()}settings: RenderingContextSettings = new RenderingContextSettings(true)context: CanvasRenderingContext2D = new CanvasRenderingContext2D(this.settings);offContext: OffscreenCanvasRenderingContext2D = new OffscreenCanvasRenderingContext2D(600, 600, this.settings)img: ImageBitmap = new ImageBitmap('../../../resources/base/media/ic_hm_logo.svg')scroller: Scroller = new Scroller();@State _50: number = vp2px(50)@State _100: number = vp2px(100)@State _85: number = vp2px(85)@State _15: number = vp2px(15)@State _: number = vp2px(50)build() {Tabs({barPosition: BarPosition.End,controller: this.tabsController}) { //end start  首尾位置设置   controller 绑定tabs的控制器TabContent() { //内容页面组件MyNavigation().backgroundColor(0xf7f7f7)}.tabBar(this.TabBuild('首页', 0, $r('app.media.ic_hm_home_selected'), $r('app.media.ic_hm_home_normal')))TabContent() {Image(this.image).height('100%').width('100%')}.tabBar(this.TabBuild('直播', 1, $r('app.media.ic_hm_living_selected'), $r('app.media.ic_hm_living_normal')))TabContent() {Scroll(this.scroller) {Column() {Row() {Image(this.imgUrl).width('30%').height('20%').border({ width: 1 }).objectFit(ImageFit.Contain) //等比缩放,图片完全显示.margin(15).overlay('Contain', { align: Alignment.Bottom, offset: { x: 0, y: 30 } }).colorFilter([ //添加滤镜效果1, 1, 0, 0, 0,0, 1, 0, 0, 0,0, 0, 1, 0, 0,0, 0, 0, 1, 0]).syncLoad(true) //同步加载图片.onComplete(msg => {if (msg) {console.error(`widthVal = ${msg.width}\n height = ${msg.height} \n componentW = ${msg.componentWidth} \n status = ${msg.loadingStatus}`)}}).onError(() => {console.error('err')})Image(this.imgUrl).width('30%').height('20%').border({ width: 1 }).objectFit(ImageFit.Cover) //等比缩放, 图片显示部分.margin(15).overlay('Cover', { align: Alignment.Bottom, offset: { x: 0, y: 20 } })Image(this.imgUrl).width('30%').height('20%').border({ width: 1 }).objectFit(ImageFit.Auto) //自适应显示.margin(15)}Row() {Image(this.imgUrl).width('30%').height('20%').border({ width: 1 }).objectFit(ImageFit.Fill) //填充显示,不保持等比缩放.renderMode(ImageRenderMode.Template) //图片渲染模式.margin(15).overlay('fill', { align: Alignment.Bottom, offset: { x: 0, y: 20 } })Image(this.imgUrl).sourceSize({ //设置图片解码尺寸width: 65, height: 40}).width('30%').height('20%').border({ width: 1 }).objectFit(ImageFit.ScaleDown) //保持原宽高比 等比缩放或不变.objectRepeat(ImageRepeat.XY) //设置图片在xy轴上重复显示.margin(15).overlay('scaleDown', { align: Alignment.Bottom, offset: { x: 0, y: 30 } })Image(this.imgUrl).width('30%').height('20%').border({ width: 1 }).objectFit(ImageFit.None) //保持图片原尺寸.interpolation(ImageInterpolation.High) //图片插值,抗锯齿,使图片看着更清晰.margin(15).overlay("none", { align: Alignment.Bottom, offset: { x: 0, y: 30 } })}}}.width('100%').height('100%')}.tabBar(this.TabBuild('朋友圈', 2, $r('app.media.ic_hm_friend_selected'), $r("app.media.ic_hm_friend_normal")))TabContent() {Canvas(this.context).width('100%').height('100%').backgroundColor(Color.Yellow).onReady(() => {this.offContext.drawImage(this.image, 110, 400, 130, 130)let imageData = this.offContext.getImageData(150, 450, 130, 130)this.offContext.putImageData(imageData, 130, 130)let img = this.offContext.transferToImageBitmap();this.context.transferFromImageBitmap(img) //.截图画图this.context.beginPath()this.context.rect(110, 10, 210, 110)this.context.stroke()this.context.font = '46px'this.context.fillText('矩形', 120, 20) //画矩形this.context.beginPath()this.context.arc(110, 150, 50, 0, 6.28)this.context.stroke()this.context.font = '56px'this.context.fillText('圆形', 120, 220) //画圆形this.context.beginPath()this.context.ellipse(110, 250, 50, 100, Math.PI * 0.25, Math.PI * 0, Math.PI * 2)this.context.stroke() //画椭圆形let line = this.context.createLinearGradient(110, 500, 110, 600)line.addColorStop(0, '#f00')line.addColorStop(0.5, '#ff0')line.addColorStop(1, '#f0f')this.context.fillStyle = linethis.context.fillRect(110, 500, 100, 100) //渐变色this.context.fillText('我是中华人民共和国的公民', 110, 500) //写字let path = new Path2D();path.moveTo(100, 100)path.lineTo(100, 150)path.lineTo(25, 150)path.lineTo(175, 150)path.lineTo(100, 150)path.lineTo(100, 200)path.lineTo(40, 200)path.lineTo(160, 200)path.lineTo(100, 200)path.closePath()this.context.strokeStyle = '#f00'this.context.lineWidth = 5this.context.stroke(path)let path2 = new Path2D();path2.moveTo(40, 215)path2.lineTo(160, 215)path2.lineTo(160, 335)path2.lineTo(40, 335)path2.lineTo(40, 215)this.context.stroke(path2) //再次画个“吉”})}.tabBar(this.TabBuild('画布', 3, $r('app.media.ic_hm_logo'), $r('app.media.icon')))TabContent() {Column() {Text('原始尺寸Circle')Circle({ width: 100, height: 100 }).fill(0x00c250)Row({ space: 10 }) {Column() {Text('shape内放大的Circle')Shape() {Rect({ width: 100, height: 100 }).fill(0xf7f7f7)Circle({ width: 150, height: 150 }).fill(0x00c250)}.viewPort({ x: 0, y: 0, width: 100, height: 100 }) //根据这个视口与宽高比进行放大shape内的组件大小.width(150).height(150)Path().width(100).height(100).commands(`M${this._50} 0 L${this._50} ${this._50} L0 ${this._50} L${this._100} ${this._50} L${this._50} ${this._50} L${this._50} ${this._100} L${this._15} ${this._100} L${this._85} ${this._100} L${this._50} ${this._100} Z`).fillOpacity(0) //实心不填充颜色.fill(Color.Red).stroke(Color.Red).strokeWidth(5)Polyline().width(100).height(100).stroke(Color.Red).strokeWidth(5).points([[10, 10], [90, 10], [90, 90], [10, 90], [10, 10]]).fillOpacity(0) //实心不填充颜色}}}}.tabBar(this.TabBuild('我的', 4, $r('app.media.ic_hm_my_selected'), $r('app.media.ic_hm_my_normal')))}.vertical(false) //tabs垂直与横向设置.scrollable(false) //禁止页面滑动.barMode((BarMode.Fixed)) //Fixed 固定    Scrollable  可以滑动,当tab多时用.onChange((index) => { //页面滑动监听console.error(`this is ${index}`)this.currentIndex = index;// this.tabsController.changeIndex(this.currentIndex)})}
}@Component
struct MyNavigation {private arr: number[] = [1, 2, 3];build() {Column() {Navigation() {TextInput({ placeholder: '请输入...' }).width('90%').height(40).backgroundColor('#ffffff').sharedTransition('input', { duration: 500, curve: Curve.Linear, type: SharedTransitionEffectType.Static })Image($r('app.media.ic_hm_logo')).width(300).height(300).sharedTransition('sharedTransition', { duration: 500, curve: Curve.Linear }).onClick(() => {router.back()})List({ space: 12 }) {ForEach(this.arr, item => {ListItem() {NavRouter() {Text("NavRouter" + item).width('100%').height(72).backgroundColor(Color.White).borderRadius(36).fontSize(16).fontWeight(500).textAlign(TextAlign.Center)NavDestination() {Text(`NavDestinationContent${item}`)}.title(`NavDestinationTitle${item}`)}}})}}.title('主标题').mode(NavigationMode.Stack).titleMode(NavigationTitleMode.Mini).menus([{ value: "", icon: './../../../resources/base/media/icon.png', action: () => {} },{ value: "", icon: './../../../resources/base/media/icon.png', action: () => {} }]).toolBar({ items: [{ value: 'func', icon: './../../../resources/base/media/icon.png', action: () => {} },{ value: 'func', icon: './../../../resources/base/media/icon.png', action: () => {} }] })}}pageTransition() {PageTransitionEnter({ type: RouteType.Push, duration: 1000, }).slide(SlideEffect.Right)PageTransitionEnter({ type: RouteType.Pop, duration: 1000, }).slide(SlideEffect.Left)PageTransitionExit({type: RouteType.Push, duration: 1000}).slide(SlideEffect.Left)PageTransitionExit({type: RouteType.Pop, duration: 1000}).slide(SlideEffect.Right)}
}

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