本文主要是介绍stm32学习-串口收发(HEX/文本)数据包,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
串口收发HEX数据包
接线
TXD | PA10 |
RXD | PA9 |
按键 | PB1 |
配置流程
定义为固定包长,含包头包尾(其中包头为0xFF,载荷数据固定为4字节,包围为0xFE)
注意:固定包长/可变包长,或者包头包围是什么,含不含包头包围这些,都是自己设置的。
发送
1.为方便收发数据包,我们先定义两个缓冲区的数组 ,设置数据个数为4个(这4个数据只存储发送或接收的载荷数据,不存储包头包尾)
2.写一个函数(调用这个函数就会自动加上包头包尾发送出去)
void Serial_SendPacket(void)
{Serial_SendByte(0xFF);Serial_SendArray(Serial_TxPacket, 4);Serial_SendByte(0xFE);
}
3.在主函数中把要发送的数赋值到数组的每一位
注意:初始化等部分的配置在上一篇都写过,在刚刚就没有再写。
接收
1.在中断服务函数里面定义一个静态变量。
2.根据上面的图可以画一个流程图
流程图可以画的有点抽象,这里可以直接看代码
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{static uint8_t RxState = 0;static uint8_t pRxPacket = 0;if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET){uint8_t RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);if (RxState == 0){if (RxData == 0xFF){RxState = 1;pRxPacket = 0;}}else if (RxState == 1){Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = RxData;pRxPacket ++;if (pRxPacket >= 4){RxState = 2;}}else if (RxState == 2){if (RxData == 0xFE){RxState = 0;Serial_RxFlag = 1;}}USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);}
}
例题
按一下按键,发送一下数据到串口助手
代码
Serial.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>uint8_t Serial_TxPacket[4]; //FF 01 02 03 04 FE
uint8_t Serial_RxPacket[4];
uint8_t Serial_RxFlag;void Serial_Init(void)
{RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{USART_SendData(USART1, Byte);while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
}void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length)
{uint16_t i;for (i = 0; i < Length; i ++){Serial_SendByte(Array[i]);}
}void Serial_SendString(char *String)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i ++){Serial_SendByte(String[i]);}
}uint32_t Serial_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{uint32_t Result = 1;while (Y --){Result *= X;}return Result;
}void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; i < Length; i ++){Serial_SendByte(Number / Serial_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');}
}int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{Serial_SendByte(ch);return ch;
}void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...)
{char String[100];va_list arg;va_start(arg, format);vsprintf(String, format, arg);va_end(arg);Serial_SendString(String);
}void Serial_SendPacket(void)
{Serial_SendByte(0xFF);Serial_SendArray(Serial_TxPacket, 4);Serial_SendByte(0xFE);
}uint8_t Serial_GetRxFlag(void)
{if (Serial_RxFlag == 1){Serial_RxFlag = 0;return 1;}return 0;
}void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{static uint8_t RxState = 0;static uint8_t pRxPacket = 0;if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET){uint8_t RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);if (RxState == 0){if (RxData == 0xFF){RxState = 1;pRxPacket = 0;}}else if (RxState == 1){Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = RxData;pRxPacket ++;if (pRxPacket >= 4){RxState = 2;}}else if (RxState == 2){if (RxData == 0xFE){RxState = 0;Serial_RxFlag = 1;}}USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);}
}
Serial.h
#ifndef __SERIAL_H
#define __SERIAL_H#include <stdio.h>extern uint8_t Serial_TxPacket[];
extern uint8_t Serial_RxPacket[];void Serial_Init(void);
void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte);
void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length);
void Serial_SendString(char *String);
void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...);void Serial_SendPacket(void);
uint8_t Serial_GetRxFlag(void);#endif
main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Serial.h"
#include "Key.h"uint8_t KeyNum;int main(void)
{OLED_Init();Key_Init();Serial_Init();OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "TxPacket");OLED_ShowString(3, 1, "RxPacket");Serial_TxPacket[0] = 0x01;Serial_TxPacket[1] = 0x02;Serial_TxPacket[2] = 0x03;Serial_TxPacket[3] = 0x04;while (1){KeyNum = Key_GetNum();if (KeyNum == 1){Serial_TxPacket[0] ++;Serial_TxPacket[1] ++;Serial_TxPacket[2] ++;Serial_TxPacket[3] ++;Serial_SendPacket();OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 1, Serial_TxPacket[0], 2);OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 4, Serial_TxPacket[1], 2);OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 7, Serial_TxPacket[2], 2);OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 10, Serial_TxPacket[3], 2);}if (Serial_GetRxFlag() == 1){OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 1, Serial_RxPacket[0], 2);OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 4, Serial_RxPacket[1], 2);OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 7, Serial_RxPacket[2], 2);OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 10, Serial_RxPacket[3], 2);}}
}
串口收发文本数据包
接线
TXD | PA10 |
RXD | PA9 |
LED | PA1 |
配置流程
发送
直接在主函数中调用发送字符串的函数或者用printf即可
接收
由于载荷数量不确定,所以在接收数据之前要判断是不是包尾;
只需要在S=1和S=2的状态下判断包尾。
S1状态:再加一个是否对于包尾的判断;如果是,就S=2;不是就继续接收数据。
S2状态:在S=2的状态下判断有没有包围,如果是,S=0;接收标志位置1;同时在接收后,要再加一个字符串结束标志位‘\0’,方便我们对字符串进行后续处理。
char Serial_RxPacket[100]; //"@MSG\r\n"
uint8_t Serial_RxFlag;
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{static uint8_t RxState = 0;static uint8_t pRxPacket = 0;if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET){uint8_t RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);if (RxState == 0){if (RxData == '@' && Serial_RxFlag == 0){RxState = 1;pRxPacket = 0;}}else if (RxState == 1){if (RxData == '\r'){RxState = 2;}else{Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = RxData;pRxPacket ++;}}else if (RxState == 2){if (RxData == '\n'){RxState = 0;Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = '\0';Serial_RxFlag = 1;}}USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);}
}
注意:记得删除刚刚的发送HEX数据包的函数。
例题
在串口助手上发送LED_ON,LED点亮;发送LED_OFF,LED熄灭。
Serial.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>char Serial_RxPacket[100]; //"@MSG\r\n"
uint8_t Serial_RxFlag;void Serial_Init(void)
{RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{USART_SendData(USART1, Byte);while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
}void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length)
{uint16_t i;for (i = 0; i < Length; i ++){Serial_SendByte(Array[i]);}
}void Serial_SendString(char *String)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i ++){Serial_SendByte(String[i]);}
}uint32_t Serial_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{uint32_t Result = 1;while (Y --){Result *= X;}return Result;
}void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; i < Length; i ++){Serial_SendByte(Number / Serial_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');}
}int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{Serial_SendByte(ch);return ch;
}void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...)
{char String[100];va_list arg;va_start(arg, format);vsprintf(String, format, arg);va_end(arg);Serial_SendString(String);
}void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{static uint8_t RxState = 0;static uint8_t pRxPacket = 0;if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET){uint8_t RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);if (RxState == 0){if (RxData == '@' && Serial_RxFlag == 0){RxState = 1;pRxPacket = 0;}}else if (RxState == 1){if (RxData == '\r'){RxState = 2;}else{Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = RxData;pRxPacket ++;}}else if (RxState == 2){if (RxData == '\n'){RxState = 0;Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = '\0';Serial_RxFlag = 1;}}USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);}
}
Serial.h
#ifndef __SERIAL_H
#define __SERIAL_H#include <stdio.h>extern char Serial_RxPacket[];
extern uint8_t Serial_RxFlag;void Serial_Init(void);
void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte);
void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length);
void Serial_SendString(char *String);
void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...);#endif
main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Serial.h"
#include "LED.h"
#include "string.h"int main(void)
{OLED_Init();LED_Init();Serial_Init();OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "TxPacket");OLED_ShowString(3, 1, "RxPacket");while (1){if (Serial_RxFlag == 1){OLED_ShowString(4, 1, " ");OLED_ShowString(4, 1, Serial_RxPacket);if (strcmp(Serial_RxPacket, "LED_ON") == 0){LED1_ON();Serial_SendString("LED_ON_OK\r\n");OLED_ShowString(2, 1, " ");OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "LED_ON_OK");}else if (strcmp(Serial_RxPacket, "LED_OFF") == 0){LED1_OFF();Serial_SendString("LED_OFF_OK\r\n");OLED_ShowString(2, 1, " ");OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "LED_OFF_OK");}else{Serial_SendString("ERROR_COMMAND\r\n");OLED_ShowString(2, 1, " ");OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "ERROR_COMMAND");}Serial_RxFlag = 0;}}
}
大家可以在串口助手里面看一下现象,有什么问题欢迎在评论区改正!
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