本文主要是介绍【达内课程】利用Socket实现群聊,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
文章目录
- 思路
- 实现
思路
【完成群聊天室】
服务端:
每当接收到客户端发来的消息后,需要给每一个在线的客户都输出一遍
List<Socket> sockets;main{socket= ss.accept();sockets.add(socket);new Thread(){run(){}}.start();
}
客户端:
建立连接、发送消息、接收并显示消息
注意:
网络编程注意事项:
1、所有网络操作都需要在工作线程中执行
2、网络操作需要添加权限
实现
按照以上思路完成服务端 ChatServer
public class ChatServer {private List<Socket> sockets = new ArrayList<Socket>();/*** 开启服务** @throws IOException*/public void startServer() throws IOException {System.out.println("服务已启动...");//启动服务ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(8888);//不断接收从客户端发来的消息while (true) {//阻塞执行,接收客户端连接Socket socket = ss.accept();sockets.add(socket);//想要并发处理的话,需要开启线程new WorkThread(socket).start();}}/*** 工作线程* 接收客户端的消息,并给每个线程发一遍*/class WorkThread extends Thread {private Socket socket;public WorkThread(Socket socket) {this.socket = socket;}public void run() {try {DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());while (true) {String message = dis.readUTF();//给每一个客户端都发一遍for (int i = 0; i < sockets.size(); i++) {Socket s = sockets.get(i);DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(s.getOutputStream());dos.writeUTF(message);dos.flush();}}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();//当开启一条线程后,线程会等待客户端发消息//在等待的过程中,可能出现异常,比如连接中断,就会抛出connection reset的异常//就会走到这里System.out.println("连接中断");//把当前socket对象从集合中移除sockets.remove(socket);}}}public static void main(String[] args) {ChatServer server = new ChatServer();try {server.startServer();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}
}
布局文件activity_main
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"><EditTextandroid:id="@+id/et_ip"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/btn_ip" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/btn_ip"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentRight="true"android:text="确定" /><ListViewandroid:id="@+id/listview"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_above="@+id/btn_message"android:layout_below="@+id/btn_ip" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/btn_message"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentRight="true"android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"android:text="确定" /><EditTextandroid:id="@+id/et_message"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/btn_message" />
</RelativeLayout>
MainActivity
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {private EditText et_ip;private EditText et_message;private Button btn_ip;private Button btn_message;private ListView listview;private Socket socket;private DataInputStream dis;private DataOutputStream dos;private List<String> messages = new ArrayList<>();private ArrayAdapter<String> adapter;private Handler handler = new Handler() {@Overridepublic void handleMessage(Message msg) {switch (msg.what) {case HANDLER_CONNECT_SUCCESS://连接成功Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "连接成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();et_ip.setEnabled(false);btn_ip.setEnabled(false);break;case HANDLER_MESSAGE_RECEIVED://接受到消息String message = (String) msg.obj;messages.add("小明:" + message);//更新adapteradapter.notifyDataSetChanged();//显示最后一条listview.setSelection(messages.size() - 1);break;}}};private static final int HANDLER_CONNECT_SUCCESS = 1;private static final int HANDLER_MESSAGE_RECEIVED = 2;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);setViews();//设置适配器setAdapter();}private void setAdapter() {adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, messages);listview.setAdapter(adapter);}private void setViews() {et_ip = findViewById(R.id.et_ip);et_message = findViewById(R.id.et_message);btn_ip = findViewById(R.id.btn_ip);btn_message = findViewById(R.id.btn_message);listview = findViewById(R.id.listview);btn_ip.setOnClickListener(this);btn_message.setOnClickListener(this);}@Overridepublic void onClick(View view) {switch (view.getId()) {case R.id.btn_ip://建立连接new Thread() {@Overridepublic void run() {try {connect();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();//连接建立失败}}}.start();break;case R.id.btn_message://发送消息new Thread() {@Overridepublic void run() {try {sendMessage();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}.start();break;}}private void sendMessage() throws IOException {String text = et_message.getText().toString();dos.writeUTF(text);dos.flush();}/*** 读取服务端发回的消息的工作线程*/class ReadThread extends Thread {//run方法执行完毕后,线程也就销毁了//垃圾回收机制会回收@Overridepublic void run() {/*while (true){try {String message = dis.readUTF();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();//当断开连接,并不会跳出while循环,所以改成以下写法}}*/try {while (true) {String message = dis.readUTF();Log.i("info", "message:" + message);//更新ListView,给handler发消息Message msg = new Message();msg.what = HANDLER_MESSAGE_RECEIVED;msg.obj = message;handler.sendMessage(msg);}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();//连接异常,断开Log.e("error", "连接出错,读不了数据了,看着办吧");}}}private void connect() throws IOException {String ip = et_ip.getText().toString();socket = new Socket(ip, 8888);dis = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());dos = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());//连接成功,发消息给主线程Handler 更新UIhandler.sendEmptyMessage(HANDLER_CONNECT_SUCCESS);//启动读取消息的工作线程new ReadThread().start();}@Overrideprotected void onDestroy() {super.onDestroy();if (socket != null) {try {//socket关掉后,流也就关掉了//而客户端还有线程正等着读取数据,所以也需要处理下socket.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}
}
在AndroidManifest增加权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
运行步骤
1、用 IntelliJ IDEA 运行ChatServer
2、查看自己电脑 ip
cmd 中执行ipconfig
3、修改MainActivity
中,以下代码,把 message 前增加一个称呼,例如“小明”,运行在一台模拟机中
private void sendMessage() throws IOException {String text = et_message.getText().toString();dos.writeUTF("小明:\n"+text);dos.flush();}
4、修改 MainActivity 中 3 步骤代码中的称呼,改为“小红”,运行在另一台模拟机中
5、都输入 ip 地址确保连接成功
5、开始尬聊
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