Linux笔记之perf生成火焰图

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Linux笔记之perf生成火焰图

—— 杭州 2024-04-01 中午

1.安装perf

sudo apt-get install linux-tools-$(uname -r) linux-tools-generic

2.下载FlameGraph工具

git clone https://github.com/brendangregg/FlameGraph.git

3.方法一:收集进程PID的性能数据

3.1.C++例程(无限循环)

例：无限循环，直到接收到用户输入才停的C++例程

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <atomic>
#include <cmath>// Atomic flag to control the execution of the CPU-intensive task
std::atomic<bool> runTask(true);// Function that simulates a CPU-intensive task
void cpuIntensiveTask() {double result = 0.0;while (runTask.load()) { // Loop until the flag is set to falsefor (unsigned int i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i) {result += std::sin(i) * std::cos(i);}}std::cout << "Result of the computation: " << result << std::endl;
}int main() {std::cout << "Starting a long-running CPU-intensive task in a thread." << std::endl;// Start the CPU-intensive task in a separate threadstd::thread worker(cpuIntensiveTask);// Wait for user input to end the taskstd::cout << "Press enter to stop the task..." << std::endl;std::cin.get();// Signal the task to stop and wait for the thread to finishrunTask.store(false);worker.join();std::cout << "Task stopped." << std::endl;return 0;
}

3.2.编译运行,编译时开启调试符号

g++ -g -O2 cpu_task.cpp -o cpu_task -lpthread

3.3.运行该例程后找到进程PID

ps -aux | grep cpu_task

3.4.使用perf工具收集数据

sudo perf record -F 99 -p PID -g -- sleep 30

3.5.将perf记录的数据转换为火焰图需要的中间格式

sudo perf script > out.perf
或
sudo perf script -i perf.data> out.perf

3.6.使用FlameGraph把中间格式文件生成火焰图

./stackcollapse-perf.pl < ../out.perf | ./flamegraph.pl > out.svg

3.7.火焰图查看

4.方法二。在运行程序时记录程序的性能事件

4.1.C++例程(非无限循环)

例：非无限循环的C++例程

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <cmath>// Function that simulates a CPU-intensive task
void cpuIntensiveTask() {double result = 0.0;for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 100000000; ++i) {result += std::sin(i) * std::cos(i);}std::cout << "Result of the computation: " << result << std::endl;
}int main() {std::cout << "Starting a CPU-intensive task in a thread." << std::endl;std::thread worker(cpuIntensiveTask);worker.join();std::cout << "Completed the CPU-intensive task." << std::endl;return 0;
}

4.2.编译运行,编译时开启调试符号

g++ -g -O2 main2.cc -o main2 -lpthread

4.3.使用 perf 来记录程序的性能事件

sudo perf record -g ./main2

4.4.将perf记录的数据转换为火焰图需要的中间格式

sudo perf script -i perf.data> out.perf

4.5.使用FlameGraph把中间格式文件生成火焰图

../../FlameGraph/stackcollapse-perf.pl < out.perf | ../../FlameGraph/flamegraph.pl > out.svg

4.6.火焰图查看

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