本文主要是介绍【C语言】走迷宫之推箱子,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
前言:
在上一篇文章当中我介绍了一个走迷宫的写法,但是那个迷宫没什么可玩性和趣味性,所以我打算在迷宫的基础上加上一个推箱子,使之有更好的操作空间,从而增强了游戏的可玩性和趣味性。
1. 打印菜单
void menu()
{printf("|---------------------------------------|\n");printf("| |\n");printf("| 走迷宫 |\n");printf("| 1.Start |\n");printf("| 2.Exit |\n");printf("| e.Restart |\n");printf("| |\n");printf("|---------------------------------------|\n");
}
int main()
{int input = 0;do{menu();printf("请选择:");scanf("%d", &input);switch (input){case 1:game();break;case 0:printf("退出游戏!\n");break;default:printf("选择有误,请重新选择!\a\n");}} while (input);
}
2. 分析迷宫的组成要素
迷宫的组成要素无非就是:墙、路、入口、出口,根据这些要素我们可以设置一个数组然后随机给其赋值为0,1,2,3,当数组等于0时打印路(这里用空格代替),等于1时打印墙(这里用█代替),等于2打印入口(这里用S代替),等于3时打印出口(这里用E代替)。
3. 实现迷宫的组成要素
因为这些要素的生成都与随机数有关,所以这里就要使用到time函数、srand函数和rand函数来进行随机数的生成。
#include<time.h>
srand((time(NULL))
int x = rand();
3.1 生成路
给数组初始化为0生成路,后面再用随机数生成。
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++){for (int j = 0; j < SIZE; j++){maze[i][j] = 0;}}
3.2 生成围墙
还需要设置围墙将我们的迷宫围起来,防止数组的越界访问。
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
{maze[0][i] = 1;maze[i][0] = 1;maze[SIZE - 1][i] = 1;maze[i][SIZE - 1] = 1;
}
3.3 生成入口、出口和箱子
因为入口、出口和箱子(我在这里只设置了一个)都是只有一个,所以这里我们需要单独使用随机数生成入口、出口和箱子。
//设置入口int start_x = rand() % SIZE;int start_y = rand() % SIZE;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;//设置出口int end_x = rand() % SIZE;int end_y = rand() % SIZE;maze[end_y][end_x] = 3;//设置箱子int box_x = rand() % SIZE;int box_y = rand() % SIZE;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;
3.4 防止入口、出口和箱子出现在错误的位置上
这里使用了goto语句
3.4.1 防止入口和出口出现在围墙上
again://防止入口或出口出现在围墙上if (start_x == 0 || start_x == SIZE - 1 || start_y == 0 || start_y == SIZE - 1|| end_x == 0 || end_x == SIZE - 1 || end_y == 0 || end_y == SIZE - 1|| box_x == 0 || box_x == SIZE - 1 || box_y == 0 || box_y == SIZE - 1)goto again;
3.41 防止箱子出现在围墙的边上
因为如果箱子出现在边上,这个箱子就推不了左右了。所以需要防止箱子出现在围墙的边上
again:
//防止箱子出现在边上
if (box_y == 1 || box_y == SIZE || box_x == 1 || box_x == SIZE)goto again;
3.5 生成墙
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
{for (int j = 0; j < SIZE; j++){if (maze[i][j] != 2 && maze[i][j] != 3){if (rand() % 4 == 0){maze[i][j] = 1;}}}
}
4. 操作移动
4.1 getch函数
在这里用到了getch()函数,这个函数需要用#include <conio.h>来进行调用。
#include <conio.h>
int main()
{while (1){int x = getch(); if (x == 'w')printf("上\n");if (x == 'a')printf("左\n");if (x == 's')printf("下\n");if (x == 'd')printf("右\n");}return 0;
}
4.2 操作S的移动:
输入w向上移动,输入s向下移动,输入a向左移动,输入d向右移动。
以输入w向上移动为例:
需要满足S的上一个格子是路,也就是需要满足maze[start_y - 1][start_x] == 0才会接受向上移动的信息,而要想实现一个向上移动的效果,我们就需要将原来的位置变为路也就是使maze[start_y][start_x] = 0;,然后使原来位置的上一个变为S也就是 start_y--; maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;
完整的移动代码:
if (x == 'w')//上{if (maze[start_y - 1][start_x] == 0){maze[start_y][start_x] = 0;start_y--;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;}}
其中system("cls")函数的作用是清屏,它需要使用#icnldue<stdlib.h>进行调用。
4.3 操作箱子的移动:
以向上移动为例:
箱子可以向上移动的前提是:
1.箱子出现在S的上面,也就是maze[start_y - 1][start_x] == 4
2.箱子的上面不是墙,也就是maze[box_y - 1][box_x] != 1
实现一个向上移动的效果:
实现这个移动效果的写法与移动S的写法相同
if (x == 'w')//上
{if (maze[start_y - 1][start_x] == 4){if (maze[box_y - 1][box_x] != 1){maze[box_y][box_x] = 0;box_y--;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;}}
4.5 完整移动代码:
do
{system("cls");print_maze(maze);int x = getch();if (x == 'w')//上{if (maze[start_y - 1][start_x] == 4){if (maze[box_y - 1][box_x] != 1){maze[box_y][box_x] = 0;box_y--;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;}}if (maze[start_y - 1][start_x] != 1 && maze[start_y - 1][start_x] != 4&& maze[start_y - 1][start_x] != 3){maze[start_y][start_x] = 0;start_y--;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;}}if (x == 'a')//左{if (maze[start_y][start_x - 1] == 4){if (maze[box_y][box_x - 1] != 1){maze[box_y][box_x] = 0;box_x--;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;}}if (maze[start_y][start_x - 1] != 1 && maze[start_y][start_x - 1] != 4 && maze[start_y][start_x - 1] != 3){maze[start_y][start_x] = 0;start_x--;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;}}if (x == 's')//下{if (maze[start_y + 1][start_x] == 4){if (maze[box_y + 1][box_x] != 1){maze[box_y][box_x] = 0;box_y++;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;}}if (maze[start_y + 1][start_x] != 1 && maze[start_y + 1][start_x] != 4 && maze[start_y + 1][start_x] != 3){maze[start_y][start_x] = 0;start_y++;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;}}if (x == 'd')//右{if (maze[start_y][start_x + 1] == 4){if (maze[box_y][box_x + 1] != 1){maze[box_y][box_x] = 0;box_x++;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;}}if (maze[start_y][start_x + 1] != 1&& maze[start_y][start_x + 1] != 4 && maze[start_y][start_x + 1] != 3){maze[start_y][start_x] = 0;start_x++;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;}}} while (1);
其中system("cls")函数的作用是清屏,它需要使用#icnldue<stdlib.h>进行调用。
5. 游戏的结束与游戏的重开
当门的位置等于箱子也就是maze[end_y][end_x] == 4即为通关成功。
加一个e的指令重开游戏
if (x == 'e'){system("cls");printf("重新开始游戏!\n");break;}
完整代码 :
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define SIZE 45
//打印迷宫
void print_maze(int maze[SIZE][SIZE])
{for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++){for (int j = 0; j < SIZE; j++){if (maze[i][j] == 1){printf("█");}else if (maze[i][j] == 2){printf("S");//入口}else if (maze[i][j] == 3){printf("E");//出口}else if (maze[i][j] == 4){printf("@");//箱子}else{printf(" ");}}printf("\n");}printf("\n");
}void generate_maze(int maze[SIZE][SIZE])
{
again:for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++){for (int j = 0; j < SIZE; j++){maze[i][j] = 0;}}//围墙for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++){maze[0][i] = 1;maze[i][0] = 1;maze[SIZE - 1][i] = 1;maze[i][SIZE - 1] = 1;}//设置入口int start_x = rand() % SIZE;int start_y = rand() % SIZE;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;//设置出口int end_x = rand() % SIZE;int end_y = rand() % SIZE;maze[end_y][end_x] = 3;//设置箱子int box_x = rand() % SIZE;int box_y = rand() % SIZE;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;//防止入口或出口出现在围墙上if (start_x == 0 || start_x == SIZE - 1 || start_y == 0 || start_y == SIZE - 1|| end_x == 0 || end_x == SIZE - 1 || end_y == 0 || end_y == SIZE - 1|| box_x == 0 || box_x == SIZE - 1 || box_y == 0 || box_y == SIZE - 1){goto again;}//防止箱子出现在边上if (box_y == 1 || box_y == SIZE || box_x == 1 || box_x == SIZE)goto again;//设置迷宫for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++){for (int j = 0; j < SIZE; j++){if (maze[i][j] != 2 && maze[i][j] != 3 && maze[i][j] != 4){if (rand() % 5 == 0){maze[i][j] = 1;}}}}//操作S移动do{system("cls");print_maze(maze);int x = getch();if (x == 'w')//上{if (maze[start_y - 1][start_x] == 4){if (maze[box_y - 1][box_x] != 1){maze[box_y][box_x] = 0;box_y--;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;}}if (maze[start_y - 1][start_x] != 1 && maze[start_y - 1][start_x] != 4 && maze[start_y - 1][start_x] != 3){maze[start_y][start_x] = 0;start_y--;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;}}if (x == 'a')//左{if (maze[start_y][start_x - 1] == 4){if (maze[box_y][box_x - 1] != 1){maze[box_y][box_x] = 0;box_x--;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;}}if (maze[start_y][start_x - 1] != 1 && maze[start_y][start_x - 1] != 4 && maze[start_y][start_x - 1] != 3){maze[start_y][start_x] = 0;start_x--;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;}}if (x == 's')//下{if (maze[start_y + 1][start_x] == 4){if (maze[box_y + 1][box_x] != 1){maze[box_y][box_x] = 0;box_y++;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;}}if (maze[start_y + 1][start_x] != 1 && maze[start_y + 1][start_x] != 4 && maze[start_y + 1][start_x] != 3){maze[start_y][start_x] = 0;start_y++;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;}}if (x == 'd')//右{if (maze[start_y][start_x + 1] == 4){if (maze[box_y][box_x + 1] != 1){maze[box_y][box_x] = 0;box_x++;maze[box_y][box_x] = 4;}}if (maze[start_y][start_x + 1] != 1 && maze[start_y][start_x + 1] != 4 && maze[start_y][start_x + 1] != 3){maze[start_y][start_x] = 0;start_x++;maze[start_y][start_x] = 2;}}if (maze[end_y][end_x] == 4){system("cls");print_maze(maze);printf("恭喜你成功通关!\n");break;}if (x == 'e'){system("cls");printf("重新开始游戏!\n");break;}} while (1);}
void menu()
{printf("|---------------------------------------|\n");printf("| |\n");printf("| 走迷宫 |\n");printf("| 1.play |\n");printf("| 2.exit |\n");printf("| |\n");printf("|---------------------------------------|\n");
}void game()
{srand(time(NULL));int maze[SIZE][SIZE];//打印迷宫generate_maze(maze);
}int main()
{int input = 0;do{menu();printf("请选择:");scanf("%d", &input);switch (input){case 1:game();break;case 0:printf("退出游戏!\n");break;default:printf("选择有误,请重新选择!\a\n");}} while (input);
}
效果图:
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