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STM32串口:DMA空闲中断实现接收不定长数据(基于HAL库):
第一步:设置rcc,时钟频率,下载方式
设置system core->RCC如图所示:(即High Speed Clock和Low Speed Clock都选择第二个)
设置时钟频率,我选择的是stm32f103c8t6,f1系列最大时钟频率都是72M,因此设置为72M,点击Clock Configuration选择HCLK,输入72,然后回车,确定
下载方式设置如下图:(我使用的方式是stlink)
第二步:设置串口为DMA中断发送和接受,并开启nvic,如图设置:
开启nvic中断:
添加dma发送接受通道
以上就是cubemx的全部设置,生成代码
第三步:代码编写:
需要写的代码,我全部写在main.c文件,需要复制的请看本文最后
接下来开始写代码逻辑,我打算写一个接受不定长数据的中断函数,然后再中断函数中再把这个数据原封不动的发送出去,以此来验证发送和接收功能是否正常
首先定义一个较大的数组来用于存放接收的数据,由于我们要用中断来接收数据的,因此要定义再main函数之外,即定义为全局变量才行:
然后在while循环之前加入以下内容:
这两行代码,第一行的作用是开启串口的dma空闲中断功能,第二行的作用是禁止dma传输过半中断,这里的dma传输过半是相对我们上一步定义的那个接受数组的总长度而言的,我定义的是100,因此只要连续接收到50个字节的数据,就会触发中断,如果连续接收的数据小于50个字节,接受空闲了,那就不会触发过半的中断,而是直接触发空闲中断。这样来看的话,这个dma传输过半中断对于我们的接受逻辑并没有太大用,因此将其禁止了!
接下来编写串口的dma空闲中断函数,它是HAL库弱定义的一个函数,我把它重写再main.c文件中,如下:
if里面第一行就是将接收到的数据发送出去,第二行,第三行再次重复上一步的操作具体略
整个main.c文件如下:
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file : main.c* @brief : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes *//* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD *//* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;
DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_usart2_rx;
DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_usart2_tx;/* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_DMA_Init(void);
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
uint8_t r_data[100];void HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint16_t Size)//Size参数是本次接受到的数据长度
{if(huart==&huart2){HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart2, r_data, Size);HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_DMA(&huart2, r_data, sizeof(r_data));//重新启动接收__HAL_DMA_DISABLE_IT(&hdma_usart2_rx,DMA_IT_HT);//禁止DMA传输过半中断}
}
/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_DMA_Init();MX_USART2_UART_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_DMA(&huart2, r_data, sizeof(r_data));//设置串口接收DMA空闲中断(用于接受不定长数据)__HAL_DMA_DISABLE_IT(&hdma_usart2_rx,DMA_IT_HT);//禁止DMA传输过半中断/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}
}/*** @brief USART2 Initialization Function* @param None* @retval None*/
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 0 *//* USER CODE END USART2_Init 0 *//* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 1 *//* USER CODE END USART2_Init 1 */huart2.Instance = USART2;huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 2 *//* USER CODE END USART2_Init 2 */}/*** Enable DMA controller clock*/
static void MX_DMA_Init(void)
{/* DMA controller clock enable */__HAL_RCC_DMA1_CLK_ENABLE();/* DMA interrupt init *//* DMA1_Channel6_IRQn interrupt configuration */HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(DMA1_Channel6_IRQn, 0, 0);HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(DMA1_Channel6_IRQn);/* DMA1_Channel7_IRQn interrupt configuration */HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(DMA1_Channel7_IRQn, 0, 0);HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(DMA1_Channel7_IRQn);}/*** @brief GPIO Initialization Function* @param None* @retval None*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 *//* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */__HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();__HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number* where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param file: pointer to the source file name* @param line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
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