TUN/TAP设备浅析(三) -- TUN/TAP设备的应用

2024-01-02 01:38
文章标签 应用 浅析 设备 tap tun

本文主要是介绍TUN/TAP设备浅析(三) -- TUN/TAP设备的应用,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!

上一篇文章主要讲述了TUN/TAP设备的一些原理,你可能会好奇,TUN/TAP设备究竟有什么用处呢?所以这篇文章,我想用一些实际的例子来回答这个问题。

例子源自陈硕老师的博客,博文中关于TUN/TAP设备的使用非常典型,对原文感兴趣的同学可以查看这里:http://blog.csdn.net/solstice/article/details/6579232

背景:在一台 PC 机上模拟 TCP 客户端程序发起连接请求,同时在该 PC 上创建虚拟网卡 tun0,接收连接请求

并送至 faketcp 应用程序,用于模拟 TCP 服务器端进行响应。

网络的拓扑结构如下:

拓扑结构

具体做法是:在主机 atom 上通过打开 /dev/net/tun 设备来创建一个 tun0 虚拟网卡,然后把这个网卡的地址设为192.168.0.1/24,这样 faketcp 程序就扮演了192.168.0.0/24 这个网段上的所有机器。atom 发给192.168.0.2192.168.0.254IP 数据包都会发给 faketcp 程序,faketcp 程序可以模拟其中任何一个IPatomIP 数据包。

程序分成几步来实现。

第一步:实现 icmp echo 协议,这样就能 pingfaketcp 了:

faketcp.h:

#include <algorithm>  // std::swap#include <assert.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>  // inet_ntop
#include <net/if.h>struct SocketAddr
{uint32_t saddr, daddr;  // 源地址和目的地址uint16_t sport, dport;  // 源端口和目的端口bool operator==(const SocketAddr& rhs) const{return saddr == rhs.saddr && daddr == rhs.daddr && sport == rhs.sport && dport == rhs.dport;}bool operator<(const SocketAddr& rhs) const{return memcmp(this, &rhs, sizeof(rhs)) < 0;}
};int tun_alloc(char dev[IFNAMSIZ]);
uint16_t in_checksum(const void* buf, int len);void icmp_input(int fd, const void* input, const void* payload, int len);

faketcp.cc:

#include "faketcp.h"#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <linux/if_tun.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>int sethostaddr(const char* dev)
{struct ifreq ifr;bzero(&ifr, sizeof(ifr));strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, dev);struct sockaddr_in addr;bzero(&addr, sizeof addr);addr.sin_family = AF_INET;inet_pton(AF_INET, "192.168.0.1", &addr.sin_addr);//addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(0xc0a80001);bcopy(&addr, &ifr.ifr_addr, sizeof addr);int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);if (sockfd < 0)return sockfd;int err = 0;// ifconfig tun0 192.168.0.1if ((err = ioctl(sockfd, SIOCSIFADDR, (void *) &ifr)) < 0){perror("ioctl SIOCSIFADDR");goto done;}// ifup tun0 其实就是启动tun0if ((err = ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, (void *) &ifr)) < 0){perror("ioctl SIOCGIFFLAGS");goto done;}ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;if ((err = ioctl(sockfd, SIOCSIFFLAGS, (void *) &ifr)) < 0){perror("ioctl SIOCSIFFLAGS");goto done;}// ifconfig tun0 192.168.0.1/24 # 配置子网掩码inet_pton(AF_INET, "255.255.255.0", &addr.sin_addr);bcopy(&addr, &ifr.ifr_netmask, sizeof addr);if ((err = ioctl(sockfd, SIOCSIFNETMASK, (void *) &ifr)) < 0){perror("ioctl SIOCSIFNETMASK");goto done;}
done:close(sockfd);return err;
}int tun_alloc(char dev[IFNAMSIZ])
{struct ifreq ifr;int fd, err;if ((fd = open("/dev/net/tun", O_RDWR)) < 0){perror("open");return -1;}bzero(&ifr, sizeof(ifr));ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_TUN | IFF_NO_PI; // tun设备不包含以太网头部,而tap包含,仅此而已if (*dev){strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, dev, IFNAMSIZ); }if ((err = ioctl(fd, TUNSETIFF, (void *) &ifr)) < 0){perror("ioctl TUNSETIFF");close(fd);return err;}strcpy(dev, ifr.ifr_name);if ((err = sethostaddr(dev)) < 0) // 设定地址等信息return err;return fd;
}uint16_t in_checksum(const void* buf, int len)
{assert(len % 2 == 0);const uint16_t* data = static_cast<const uint16_t*>(buf);int sum = 0;for (int i = 0; i < len; i+=2){sum += *data++;}while (sum >> 16)sum = (sum & 0xFFFF) + (sum >> 16);assert(sum <= 0xFFFF);return ~sum;
}void icmp_input(int fd, const void* input, const void* payload, int len)
{const struct iphdr* iphdr = static_cast<const struct iphdr*>(input); // ip头部const struct icmphdr* icmphdr = static_cast<const struct icmphdr*>(payload); // icmp头部// const int icmphdr_size = sizeof(*icmphdr);const int iphdr_len = iphdr->ihl*4;if (icmphdr->type == ICMP_ECHO){char source[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];char dest[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];inet_ntop(AF_INET, &iphdr->saddr, source, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);inet_ntop(AF_INET, &iphdr->daddr, dest, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);printf("%s > %s: ", source, dest);printf("ICMP echo request, id %d, seq %d, length %d\n",ntohs(icmphdr->un.echo.id),ntohs(icmphdr->un.echo.sequence),len - iphdr_len);union{unsigned char output[ETH_FRAME_LEN]; // 以太网头部struct{struct iphdr iphdr;struct icmphdr icmphdr;} out;};memcpy(output, input, len);out.icmphdr.type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY;out.icmphdr.checksum += ICMP_ECHO; // FIXME: not portablestd::swap(out.iphdr.saddr, out.iphdr.daddr);write(fd, output, len);}
}

icmpecho.cc:

#include "faketcp.h"#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <linux/if_ether.h>int main()
{char ifname[IFNAMSIZ] = "tun%d";int fd = tun_alloc(ifname); // tun_alloc函数主要用于开启if (fd < 0){fprintf(stderr, "tunnel interface allocation failed\n");exit(1);}printf("allocted tunnel interface %s\n", ifname);sleep(1);for (;;){union{unsigned char buf[ETH_FRAME_LEN]; // 以太网头部struct iphdr iphdr;   // ip头部};const int iphdr_size = sizeof iphdr; // ip头部默认是20字节int nread = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));if (nread < 0){perror("read");close(fd);exit(1);}printf("read %d bytes from tunnel interface %s.\n", nread, ifname);const int iphdr_len = iphdr.ihl*4;if (nread >= iphdr_size&& iphdr.version == 4&& iphdr_len >= iphdr_size&& iphdr_len <= nread&& iphdr.tot_len == htons(nread)&& in_checksum(buf, iphdr_len) == 0){const void* payload = buf + iphdr_len;if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_ICMP)  // icmp协议{icmp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread);}}else{printf("bad packet\n");for (int i = 0; i < nread; ++i){if (i % 4 == 0) printf("\n");printf("%02x ", buf[i]);}printf("\n");}}return 0;
}

运行方法,打开3个命令行窗口:

  1. 在第1个窗口运行sudo ./icmpecho,程序显示:
allocted tunnel interface tun0
  1. 在第2个窗口运行:
$ sudo ifconfig tun0 192.168.0.1/24 # 设定ip地址$ sudo tcpdump -i tun0  # 用tcpdump抓取通过接口tun0的数据包
  1. 在第3个窗口运行:
$ ping 192.168.0.2$ ping 192.168.0.3$ ping 192.168.0.234

发现每个192.168.0.XIP 都能 ping 通。

第二步:实现拒接 TCP 连接的功能,即在收到SYN TCP segment的时候发送RST segment

rejectall.cc:

#include "faketcp.h"#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <linux/if_ether.h>void tcp_input(int fd, const void* input, const void* payload, int tot_len)
{const struct iphdr* iphdr = static_cast<const struct iphdr*>(input); // ip头部const struct tcphdr* tcphdr = static_cast<const struct tcphdr*>(payload); // tcp头部const int iphdr_len = iphdr->ihl*4; // ip头部的大小const int tcp_seg_len = tot_len - iphdr_len; // tcp报文的大小const int tcphdr_size = sizeof(*tcphdr);if (tcp_seg_len >= tcphdr_size&& tcp_seg_len >= tcphdr->doff*4){const int tcphdr_len = tcphdr->doff*4;if (tcphdr->syn) // 收到了SYN分节{char source[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];char dest[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];inet_ntop(AF_INET, &iphdr->saddr, source, INET_ADDRSTRLEN); // 将ip转化为可读的字符串inet_ntop(AF_INET, &iphdr->daddr, dest, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);printf("IP %s.%d > %s.%d: ",source, ntohs(tcphdr->source), dest, ntohs(tcphdr->dest));printf("Flags [S], seq %u, win %d, length %d\n",ntohl(tcphdr->seq), // 序列号ntohs(tcphdr->window), // 窗口大小tot_len - iphdr_len - tcphdr_len);union{unsigned char output[ETH_FRAME_LEN];struct{struct iphdr iphdr;struct tcphdr tcphdr;} out;};assert(sizeof(out) == sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct tcphdr));int output_len = sizeof(out);bzero(&out, output_len + 4);memcpy(output, input, sizeof(struct iphdr));out.iphdr.tot_len = htons(output_len);std::swap(out.iphdr.saddr, out.iphdr.daddr);out.iphdr.check = 0;out.iphdr.check = in_checksum(output, sizeof(struct iphdr));out.tcphdr.source = tcphdr->dest;  // 源地址和目的地址对调out.tcphdr.dest = tcphdr->source;out.tcphdr.seq = 0;out.tcphdr.ack_seq = htonl(ntohl(tcphdr->seq)+1); // 确认序列号out.tcphdr.doff = sizeof(struct tcphdr) / 4;out.tcphdr.ack = 1;out.tcphdr.rst = 1; // 注意这里的RST分节out.tcphdr.window = 0;unsigned char* pseudo = output + output_len;pseudo[0] = 0;pseudo[1] = IPPROTO_TCP;pseudo[2] = 0;pseudo[3] = sizeof(struct tcphdr);out.tcphdr.check = in_checksum(&out.iphdr.saddr, sizeof(struct tcphdr)+12);write(fd, output, output_len);}}
}int main()
{char ifname[IFNAMSIZ] = "tun%d";int fd = tun_alloc(ifname);if (fd < 0){fprintf(stderr, "tunnel interface allocation failed\n");exit(1);}printf("allocted tunnel interface %s\n", ifname);sleep(1);for (;;){union{unsigned char buf[ETH_FRAME_LEN];struct iphdr iphdr;};const int iphdr_size = sizeof iphdr;int nread = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));if (nread < 0){perror("read");close(fd);exit(1);}printf("read %d bytes from tunnel interface %s.\n", nread, ifname);const int iphdr_len = iphdr.ihl*4;if (nread >= iphdr_size&& iphdr.version == 4&& iphdr_len >= iphdr_size&& iphdr_len <= nread&& iphdr.tot_len == htons(nread)&& in_checksum(buf, iphdr_len) == 0){const void* payload = buf + iphdr_len;if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_ICMP){icmp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread);}else if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_TCP){tcp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread);}}else{printf("bad packet\n");for (int i = 0; i < nread; ++i){if (i % 4 == 0) printf("\n");printf("%02x ", buf[i]);}printf("\n");}}return 0;
}

运行方法,打开3个命令行窗口,头两个窗口的操作与前面相同,运行的faketcp 程序是 ./rejectall

  1. 在第3个窗口运行

$ nc 192.168.0.2  2000$ nc 192.168.0.2  3333$ nc 192.168.0.7  5555

发现向其中任意一个 IP 发起的 TCP 连接都被拒接了。

第三步:实现接受 TCP 连接的功能,即在接收到SYN TCP segment的时候发回 SYN + ACK。这个程序同时处理了连接断开的情况,即在收到FIN segment的时候发回 FIN + ACK。

acceptall.cc:

#include "faketcp.h"#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <linux/if_ether.h>void tcp_input(int fd, const void* input, const void* payload, int tot_len)
{const struct iphdr* iphdr = static_cast<const struct iphdr*>(input);const struct tcphdr* tcphdr = static_cast<const struct tcphdr*>(payload);const int iphdr_len = iphdr->ihl*4;const int tcp_seg_len = tot_len - iphdr_len;const int tcphdr_size = sizeof(*tcphdr);if (tcp_seg_len >= tcphdr_size&& tcp_seg_len >= tcphdr->doff*4){const int tcphdr_len = tcphdr->doff*4;char source[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];char dest[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];inet_ntop(AF_INET, &iphdr->saddr, source, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);inet_ntop(AF_INET, &iphdr->daddr, dest, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);printf("IP %s.%d > %s.%d: ",source, ntohs(tcphdr->source), dest, ntohs(tcphdr->dest));printf("Flags [%c], seq %u, win %d, length %d\n",tcphdr->syn ? 'S' : (tcphdr->fin ? 'F' : '.'),ntohl(tcphdr->seq),ntohs(tcphdr->window),tot_len - iphdr_len - tcphdr_len);union{unsigned char output[ETH_FRAME_LEN];struct{struct iphdr iphdr;struct tcphdr tcphdr;} out;};assert(sizeof(out) == sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct tcphdr));int output_len = sizeof(out);bzero(&out, output_len + 4);memcpy(output, input, sizeof(struct iphdr));out.iphdr.tot_len = htons(output_len);std::swap(out.iphdr.saddr, out.iphdr.daddr);out.iphdr.check = 0;out.iphdr.check = in_checksum(output, sizeof(struct iphdr));out.tcphdr.source = tcphdr->dest;out.tcphdr.dest = tcphdr->source;out.tcphdr.ack_seq = htonl(ntohl(tcphdr->seq)+1);out.tcphdr.doff = sizeof(struct tcphdr) / 4;out.tcphdr.window = htons(5000);bool response = false;if (tcphdr->syn){out.tcphdr.seq = htonl(123456); // 序列号随机产生out.tcphdr.syn = 1; // SYNout.tcphdr.ack = 1; // ACKresponse = true;}else if (tcphdr->fin) // 对于对方发送的FIN也需要接收是吧!{out.tcphdr.seq = htonl(123457);out.tcphdr.fin = 1;out.tcphdr.ack = 1;response = true;}unsigned char* pseudo = output + output_len;pseudo[0] = 0;pseudo[1] = IPPROTO_TCP;pseudo[2] = 0;pseudo[3] = sizeof(struct tcphdr);out.tcphdr.check = in_checksum(&out.iphdr.saddr, sizeof(struct tcphdr)+12);if (response){write(fd, output, output_len);}}
}int main()
{char ifname[IFNAMSIZ] = "tun%d";int fd = tun_alloc(ifname);if (fd < 0){fprintf(stderr, "tunnel interface allocation failed\n");exit(1);}printf("allocted tunnel interface %s\n", ifname);sleep(1);for (;;){union{unsigned char buf[ETH_FRAME_LEN];struct iphdr iphdr;};const int iphdr_size = sizeof iphdr;int nread = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));if (nread < 0){perror("read");close(fd);exit(1);}printf("read %d bytes from tunnel interface %s.\n", nread, ifname);const int iphdr_len = iphdr.ihl*4;if (nread >= iphdr_size&& iphdr.version == 4&& iphdr_len >= iphdr_size&& iphdr_len <= nread&& iphdr.tot_len == htons(nread)&& in_checksum(buf, iphdr_len) == 0){const void* payload = buf + iphdr_len;if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_ICMP){icmp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread);}else if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_TCP){tcp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread);}}else{printf("bad packet\n");for (int i = 0; i < nread; ++i){if (i % 4 == 0) printf("\n");printf("%02x ", buf[i]);}printf("\n");}}return 0;
}

运行方法,打开3个命令行窗口,步骤与前面相同,运行的 faketcp 程序是 ./acceptall

这次会发现 nc 能和192.168.0.X中的每一个 IP 每一个 PORT 都能连通。还可以在第4个窗口中运行 netstat -tpn,以确认连接确实建立起来了。

如果在 nc 中输入数据,数据会堆积在操作系统中,表现为netstat 显示的发送队列 (Send-Q)的长度增加。

第四步:在第三步接受TCP连接的基础上,实现接收数据,即在收到包含 payload 数据的 TCP segment时发回ACK

discardall.cc:

#include "faketcp.h"#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <linux/if_ether.h>void tcp_input(int fd, const void* input, const void* payload, int tot_len)
{const struct iphdr* iphdr = static_cast<const struct iphdr*>(input);const struct tcphdr* tcphdr = static_cast<const struct tcphdr*>(payload);const int iphdr_len = iphdr->ihl*4;const int tcp_seg_len = tot_len - iphdr_len;const int tcphdr_size = sizeof(*tcphdr);if (tcp_seg_len >= tcphdr_size&& tcp_seg_len >= tcphdr->doff*4){const int tcphdr_len = tcphdr->doff*4;const int payload_len = tot_len - iphdr_len - tcphdr_len;char source[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];char dest[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];inet_ntop(AF_INET, &iphdr->saddr, source, INET_ADDRSTRLEN); // 将ip地址变得可读inet_ntop(AF_INET, &iphdr->daddr, dest, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);printf("IP %s.%d > %s.%d: ",source, ntohs(tcphdr->source), dest, ntohs(tcphdr->dest));printf("Flags [%c], seq %u, win %d, length %d\n",tcphdr->syn ? 'S' : (tcphdr->fin ? 'F' : '.'),ntohl(tcphdr->seq),ntohs(tcphdr->window),payload_len);union{unsigned char output[ETH_FRAME_LEN];struct{struct iphdr iphdr;struct tcphdr tcphdr;} out;};assert(sizeof(out) == sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct tcphdr));int output_len = sizeof(out);bzero(&out, output_len + 4);memcpy(output, input, sizeof(struct iphdr));out.iphdr.tot_len = htons(output_len);std::swap(out.iphdr.saddr, out.iphdr.daddr);out.iphdr.check = 0;out.iphdr.check = in_checksum(output, sizeof(struct iphdr));out.tcphdr.source = tcphdr->dest; // 目的地址和源地址倒换out.tcphdr.dest = tcphdr->source;out.tcphdr.doff = sizeof(struct tcphdr) / 4;out.tcphdr.window = htons(5000);bool response = false;if (tcphdr->syn){out.tcphdr.seq = htonl(123456);out.tcphdr.ack_seq = htonl(ntohl(tcphdr->seq)+1);out.tcphdr.syn = 1;out.tcphdr.ack = 1;response = true;}else if (tcphdr->fin){out.tcphdr.seq = htonl(123457);out.tcphdr.ack_seq = htonl(ntohl(tcphdr->seq)+1);out.tcphdr.fin = 1;out.tcphdr.ack = 1;response = true;}else if (payload_len > 0){out.tcphdr.seq = htonl(123457);out.tcphdr.ack_seq = htonl(ntohl(tcphdr->seq)+payload_len); // 确认的序列号out.tcphdr.ack = 1; // ack,不发送数据,仅发送确认号response = true;}unsigned char* pseudo = output + output_len;pseudo[0] = 0;pseudo[1] = IPPROTO_TCP;pseudo[2] = 0;pseudo[3] = sizeof(struct tcphdr);out.tcphdr.check = in_checksum(&out.iphdr.saddr, sizeof(struct tcphdr)+12);if (response){write(fd, output, output_len);}}
}int main()
{char ifname[IFNAMSIZ] = "tun%d";int fd = tun_alloc(ifname);if (fd < 0){fprintf(stderr, "tunnel interface allocation failed\n");exit(1);}printf("allocted tunnel interface %s\n", ifname);sleep(1);for (;;){union{unsigned char buf[ETH_FRAME_LEN];struct iphdr iphdr;};const int iphdr_size = sizeof iphdr;int nread = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));if (nread < 0){perror("read");close(fd);exit(1);}printf("read %d bytes from tunnel interface %s.\n", nread, ifname);const int iphdr_len = iphdr.ihl*4;if (nread >= iphdr_size&& iphdr.version == 4&& iphdr_len >= iphdr_size&& iphdr_len <= nread&& iphdr.tot_len == htons(nread)&& in_checksum(buf, iphdr_len) == 0){const void* payload = buf + iphdr_len;if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_ICMP){icmp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread);}else if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_TCP){tcp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread);}}else{printf("bad packet\n");for (int i = 0; i < nread; ++i){if (i % 4 == 0) printf("\n");printf("%02x ", buf[i]);}printf("\n");}}return 0;
}

运行方法,打开3个命令行窗口,步骤与前面相同,运行的faketcp程序是./acceptall

这次会发现 nc 能和192.168.0.X中的每一个IP 每一个PORT 都能连通,数据也能发出去。还可以在第4个窗口中运行netstat -tpn,以确认连接确实建立起来了,并且发送队列的长度为0;

这一步已经解决了前面的问题2,扮演任意 TCP 服务端。

第五步:解决前面的问题1,扮演客户端向atom 发起任意多的连接。

connectmany.cc:

#include "faketcp.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <linux/if_ether.h>void tcp_input(int fd, const void* input, const void* payload, int tot_len, bool passive)
{const struct iphdr* iphdr = static_cast<const struct iphdr*>(input);const struct tcphdr* tcphdr = static_cast<const struct tcphdr*>(payload);const int iphdr_len = iphdr->ihl*4;const int tcp_seg_len = tot_len - iphdr_len;const int tcphdr_size = sizeof(*tcphdr);if (tcp_seg_len >= tcphdr_size&& tcp_seg_len >= tcphdr->doff*4){const int tcphdr_len = tcphdr->doff*4;const int payload_len = tot_len - iphdr_len - tcphdr_len;char source[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];char dest[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];inet_ntop(AF_INET, &iphdr->saddr, source, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);inet_ntop(AF_INET, &iphdr->daddr, dest, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);printf("IP %s.%d > %s.%d: ",source, ntohs(tcphdr->source), dest, ntohs(tcphdr->dest));printf("Flags [%c], seq %u, win %d, length %d\n",tcphdr->syn ? 'S' : (tcphdr->fin ? 'F' : '.'),ntohl(tcphdr->seq),ntohs(tcphdr->window),payload_len);union{unsigned char output[ETH_FRAME_LEN];struct{struct iphdr iphdr;struct tcphdr tcphdr;} out;};assert(sizeof(out) == sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct tcphdr));int output_len = sizeof(out);bzero(&out, output_len + 4);memcpy(output, input, sizeof(struct iphdr));out.iphdr.tot_len = htons(output_len);std::swap(out.iphdr.saddr, out.iphdr.daddr);out.iphdr.check = 0;out.iphdr.check = in_checksum(output, sizeof(struct iphdr));out.tcphdr.source = tcphdr->dest;out.tcphdr.dest = tcphdr->source;out.tcphdr.doff = sizeof(struct tcphdr) / 4;out.tcphdr.window = htons(5000);bool response = false;if (tcphdr->syn) // 对方发起连接,或者对方发送了确认的syn和ack{out.tcphdr.seq = htonl(passive ? 123456 : 123457);out.tcphdr.ack_seq = htonl(ntohl(tcphdr->seq)+1);if (passive) // passive==true表示被动接收连接,表示对方连过来{out.tcphdr.syn = 1;}// 否则的话,表示自己主动发送的连接,接收到了对方的syn和ack,我们只需要发送一个ack即可out.tcphdr.ack = 1; response = true;}else if (tcphdr->fin) // 对方关闭连接{out.tcphdr.seq = htonl(123457);out.tcphdr.ack_seq = htonl(ntohl(tcphdr->seq)+1);out.tcphdr.fin = 1;out.tcphdr.ack = 1;response = true;}else if (payload_len > 0){out.tcphdr.seq = htonl(123457);out.tcphdr.ack_seq = htonl(ntohl(tcphdr->seq)+payload_len);out.tcphdr.ack = 1;response = true;}unsigned char* pseudo = output + output_len;pseudo[0] = 0;pseudo[1] = IPPROTO_TCP;pseudo[2] = 0;pseudo[3] = sizeof(struct tcphdr);out.tcphdr.check = in_checksum(&out.iphdr.saddr, sizeof(struct tcphdr)+12);if (response){write(fd, output, output_len);}}
}// connect_one 发起一个tcp连接?
bool connect_one(int fd, uint32_t daddr, int dport, uint32_t saddr, int sport)
{{union{unsigned char output[ETH_FRAME_LEN];struct{struct iphdr iphdr;struct tcphdr tcphdr;} out;};bzero(&out, (sizeof out)+4);out.iphdr.version = IPVERSION;out.iphdr.ihl = sizeof(out.iphdr)/4;out.iphdr.tos = 0;out.iphdr.tot_len = htons(sizeof(out));out.iphdr.id = 55564;out.iphdr.frag_off |= htons(IP_DF);out.iphdr.ttl = IPDEFTTL;out.iphdr.protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;out.iphdr.saddr = saddr;out.iphdr.daddr = daddr;out.iphdr.check = in_checksum(output, sizeof(struct iphdr));out.tcphdr.source = sport; // 端口号out.tcphdr.dest = dport;out.tcphdr.seq = htonl(123456);out.tcphdr.ack_seq = 0;out.tcphdr.doff = sizeof(out.tcphdr)/4;out.tcphdr.syn = 1;       // 主动发起连接out.tcphdr.window = htons(4096);unsigned char* pseudo = output + sizeof out;pseudo[0] = 0;pseudo[1] = IPPROTO_TCP;pseudo[2] = 0;pseudo[3] = sizeof(struct tcphdr);out.tcphdr.check = in_checksum(&out.iphdr.saddr, sizeof(struct tcphdr)+12);write(fd, output, sizeof out); // 发送连接}union{unsigned char buf[ETH_FRAME_LEN];struct iphdr iphdr;};const int iphdr_size = sizeof iphdr;int nread = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)); // 接收到回复之后if (nread < 0){perror("read");close(fd);exit(1);}// printf("read %d bytes from tunnel interface %s.\n", nread, ifname);if (nread >= iphdr_size&& iphdr.version == 4&& iphdr.ihl*4 >= iphdr_size&& iphdr.ihl*4 <= nread&& iphdr.tot_len == htons(nread)&& in_checksum(buf, iphdr.ihl*4) == 0){const void* payload = buf + iphdr.ihl*4;if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_ICMP){icmp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread);}else if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_TCP) // tcp 报文{tcp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread, false); // 注意到这里的false,表示是自己主动发起连接}}return true;
}void connect_many(int fd, const char* ipstr, int port, int count)
{uint32_t destip;inet_pton(AF_INET, ipstr, &destip); // 连接到目的ipuint32_t srcip = ntohl(destip)+1;int srcport = 1024; // 端口从1024开始for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i){connect_one(fd, destip, htons(port), htonl(srcip), htons(srcport));srcport++; // 源端口在不断加1if (srcport > 0xFFFF){srcport = 1024;srcip++;}}
}void usage()
{
}int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{if (argc < 4){usage();return 0;}char ifname[IFNAMSIZ] = "tun%d";int fd = tun_alloc(ifname);if (fd < 0){fprintf(stderr, "tunnel interface allocation failed\n");exit(1);}const char* ip = argv[1]; // ipint port = atoi(argv[2]); // 端口int count = atoi(argv[3]); // 数量printf("allocted tunnel interface %s\n", ifname);printf("press enter key to start connecting %s:%d\n", ip, port);getchar();connect_many(fd, ip, port, count); // 发起连接for (;;){union{unsigned char buf[ETH_FRAME_LEN];struct iphdr iphdr;};const int iphdr_size = sizeof iphdr;int nread = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));if (nread < 0){perror("read");close(fd);exit(1);}printf("read %d bytes from tunnel interface %s.\n", nread, ifname);const int iphdr_len = iphdr.ihl*4;if (nread >= iphdr_size&& iphdr.version == 4&& iphdr_len >= iphdr_size&& iphdr_len <= nread&& iphdr.tot_len == htons(nread)&& in_checksum(buf, iphdr_len) == 0){const void* payload = buf + iphdr_len;if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_ICMP){icmp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread);}else if (iphdr.protocol == IPPROTO_TCP){tcp_input(fd, buf, payload, nread, true); // 注意到这里的true,表示是被动接收连接}}else{printf("bad packet\n");for (int i = 0; i < nread; ++i){if (i % 4 == 0) printf("\n");printf("%02x ", buf[i]);}printf("\n");}}return 0;
}

这一步的运行方法与前面不同,打开4个命令行窗口。

  1. 在第1个窗口运行sudo ./connectmany 192.168.0.1 2007 1000,表示将向192.168.0.1:2007 发起1000个并发连接。程序显示:
allocated tunnel interface tun0
press enter key to start connecting 192.168.0.1  2007
  1. 在第二个窗口运行
$ sudo ifconfig tun0 192.168.0.1/24$ sudo tcpdump -i tun0
  1. 在第3个窗口运行一个能接收并发TCP 连接的服务程序,可以是httpd, 也可以是muduoechodiscard 示例,程序应listen 2007端口。
  2. 回到第1个窗口敲回车,然后在第4个窗口中用netstat -tpn来观察并发连接。

文中代码目录连接:https://github.com/chenshuo/recipes/tree/master/faketcp



作者:Yihulee
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/14f9340d940d
来源:简书
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。

这篇关于TUN/TAP设备浅析(三) -- TUN/TAP设备的应用的文章就介绍到这儿,希望我们推荐的文章对编程师们有所帮助!



http://www.chinasem.cn/article/561020

相关文章

浅析Spring Security认证过程

类图 为了方便理解Spring Security认证流程,特意画了如下的类图,包含相关的核心认证类 概述 核心验证器 AuthenticationManager 该对象提供了认证方法的入口,接收一个Authentiaton对象作为参数; public interface AuthenticationManager {Authentication authenticate(Authenti

中文分词jieba库的使用与实景应用(一)

知识星球:https://articles.zsxq.com/id_fxvgc803qmr2.html 目录 一.定义: 精确模式(默认模式): 全模式: 搜索引擎模式: paddle 模式(基于深度学习的分词模式): 二 自定义词典 三.文本解析   调整词出现的频率 四. 关键词提取 A. 基于TF-IDF算法的关键词提取 B. 基于TextRank算法的关键词提取

水位雨量在线监测系统概述及应用介绍

在当今社会,随着科技的飞速发展,各种智能监测系统已成为保障公共安全、促进资源管理和环境保护的重要工具。其中,水位雨量在线监测系统作为自然灾害预警、水资源管理及水利工程运行的关键技术,其重要性不言而喻。 一、水位雨量在线监测系统的基本原理 水位雨量在线监测系统主要由数据采集单元、数据传输网络、数据处理中心及用户终端四大部分构成,形成了一个完整的闭环系统。 数据采集单元:这是系统的“眼睛”,

csu 1446 Problem J Modified LCS (扩展欧几里得算法的简单应用)

这是一道扩展欧几里得算法的简单应用题,这题是在湖南多校训练赛中队友ac的一道题,在比赛之后请教了队友,然后自己把它a掉 这也是自己独自做扩展欧几里得算法的题目 题意:把题意转变下就变成了:求d1*x - d2*y = f2 - f1的解,很明显用exgcd来解 下面介绍一下exgcd的一些知识点:求ax + by = c的解 一、首先求ax + by = gcd(a,b)的解 这个

hdu1394(线段树点更新的应用)

题意:求一个序列经过一定的操作得到的序列的最小逆序数 这题会用到逆序数的一个性质,在0到n-1这些数字组成的乱序排列,将第一个数字A移到最后一位,得到的逆序数为res-a+(n-a-1) 知道上面的知识点后,可以用暴力来解 代码如下: #include<iostream>#include<algorithm>#include<cstring>#include<stack>#in

zoj3820(树的直径的应用)

题意:在一颗树上找两个点,使得所有点到选择与其更近的一个点的距离的最大值最小。 思路:如果是选择一个点的话,那么点就是直径的中点。现在考虑两个点的情况,先求树的直径,再把直径最中间的边去掉,再求剩下的两个子树中直径的中点。 代码如下: #include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#include <algorithm>#include <map>#

【区块链 + 人才服务】可信教育区块链治理系统 | FISCO BCOS应用案例

伴随着区块链技术的不断完善,其在教育信息化中的应用也在持续发展。利用区块链数据共识、不可篡改的特性, 将与教育相关的数据要素在区块链上进行存证确权,在确保数据可信的前提下,促进教育的公平、透明、开放,为教育教学质量提升赋能,实现教育数据的安全共享、高等教育体系的智慧治理。 可信教育区块链治理系统的顶层治理架构由教育部、高校、企业、学生等多方角色共同参与建设、维护,支撑教育资源共享、教学质量评估、

AI行业应用(不定期更新)

ChatPDF 可以让你上传一个 PDF 文件,然后针对这个 PDF 进行小结和提问。你可以把各种各样你要研究的分析报告交给它,快速获取到想要知道的信息。https://www.chatpdf.com/

【区块链 + 人才服务】区块链集成开发平台 | FISCO BCOS应用案例

随着区块链技术的快速发展,越来越多的企业开始将其应用于实际业务中。然而,区块链技术的专业性使得其集成开发成为一项挑战。针对此,广东中创智慧科技有限公司基于国产开源联盟链 FISCO BCOS 推出了区块链集成开发平台。该平台基于区块链技术,提供一套全面的区块链开发工具和开发环境,支持开发者快速开发和部署区块链应用。此外,该平台还可以提供一套全面的区块链开发教程和文档,帮助开发者快速上手区块链开发。

【C++高阶】C++类型转换全攻略:深入理解并高效应用

📝个人主页🌹:Eternity._ ⏩收录专栏⏪:C++ “ 登神长阶 ” 🤡往期回顾🤡:C++ 智能指针 🌹🌹期待您的关注 🌹🌹 ❀C++的类型转换 📒1. C语言中的类型转换📚2. C++强制类型转换⛰️static_cast🌞reinterpret_cast⭐const_cast🍁dynamic_cast 📜3. C++强制类型转换的原因📝