本文主要是介绍邻居表项的STALE状态超时时间,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
对于arp协议,内核默认的STALE状态超时时长为60秒钟。
struct neigh_table arp_tbl = {.family = AF_INET,.key_len = 4,.protocol = cpu_to_be16(ETH_P_IP),....id = "arp_cache",.parms = {....data = {...[NEIGH_VAR_GC_STALETIME] = 60 * HZ,
通过PROC文件gc_stale_time可查看和修改此时长,如下,修改为10分钟。
/ # cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/neigh/eth0/gc_stale_time
60
/ # echo 600 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/neigh/eth0/gc_stale_time
/ #
/ # cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/neigh/eth0/gc_stale_time
600
内核中静态变量neigh_sysctl_table定义了gc_stale_time的PROC文件信息。
static struct neigh_sysctl_table {struct ctl_table_header *sysctl_header;struct ctl_table neigh_vars[NEIGH_VAR_MAX + 1];
} neigh_sysctl_template __read_mostly = {.neigh_vars = {...NEIGH_SYSCTL_JIFFIES_ENTRY(GC_STALETIME, "gc_stale_time"),
1. netlink配置接口
除了以上的PROC文件外,还可使用ip ntable命令查看和修改设备的邻居表参数。
# ip ntable show dev eth0
inet arp_cache dev eth0refcnt 12 reachable 28884 base_reachable 30000 retrans 1000 gc_stale 60000 delay_probe 5000 queue 31 app_probes 0 ucast_probes 3 mcast_probes 3 anycast_delay 1000 proxy_delay 800 proxy_queue 64 locktime 1000
与PROC文件不同,这里显示的gc_stale时间单位为毫秒。如下将设备eth0的邻居表参数gc_stale_time修改为10分钟。
# ip ntable change name arp_cache dev eth0 gc_stale 600000
内核函数neigh_init负责以上ip ntable change命令的处理。
static int __init neigh_init(void)
{...rtnl_register(PF_UNSPEC, RTM_SETNEIGHTBL, neightbl_set, NULL, 0);
如下为neightbl_set的实现,函数nla_get_msecs读取IP命令行设置的gc_stale的毫秒值参数。
static int neightbl_set(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nlmsghdr *nlh, struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
{struct neigh_table *tbl;struct nlattr *tb[NDTA_MAX+1];if (tb[NDTA_PARMS]) {struct neigh_parms *p;p = lookup_neigh_parms(tbl, net, ifindex);...for (i = 1; i <= NDTPA_MAX; i++) {if (tbp[i] == NULL) continue;switch (i) {...case NDTPA_GC_STALETIME:NEIGH_VAR_SET(p, GC_STALETIME, nla_get_msecs(tbp[i]));break;
对于arp协议,宏NEIGH_VAR_SET将修改全局变量arp_tbl的成员parms的data数组,具体为以NEIGH_VAR_GC_STALETIME为所对应的成员的值。函数nla_get_msecs将命令行输入的毫秒值转换为内核使用的jiffies值。
#define NEIGH_VAR_SET(p, attr, val) neigh_var_set(p, NEIGH_VAR_ ## attr, val)static inline void neigh_var_set(struct neigh_parms *p, int index, int val)
{ set_bit(index, p->data_state);p->data[index] = val;
}
显示命令ip ntable show由内核中的函数neightbl_fill_parms填充值,对于gc_stale的值,由nla_put_msecs填充。
static int neightbl_fill_parms(struct sk_buff *skb, struct neigh_parms *parms)
{...if ((parms->dev &&...nla_put_msecs(skb, NDTPA_GC_STALETIME,NEIGH_VAR(parms, GC_STALETIME), NDTPA_PAD) ||
如下函数nla_put_msecs,其需要将内核使用gc_stale的jiffies表示的值转换为ip ntable show显示时的毫秒值,通过jiffies_to_msecs实现。
static inline int nla_put_msecs(struct sk_buff *skb, int attrtype,unsigned long njiffies, int padattr)
{u64 tmp = jiffies_to_msecs(njiffies);return nla_put_64bit(skb, attrtype, sizeof(u64), &tmp, padattr);
}
2. STALE状态表项处理
在邻居表初始化时,创建了一个延迟工作项,注册的处理函数为neigh_periodic_work。
void neigh_table_init(int index, struct neigh_table *tbl)
{tbl->parms.reachable_time =neigh_rand_reach_time(NEIGH_VAR(&tbl->parms, BASE_REACHABLE_TIME));...INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(&tbl->gc_work, neigh_periodic_work);queue_delayed_work(system_power_efficient_wq, &tbl->gc_work,tbl->parms.reachable_time);
对于arp,其执行周期初始化为30秒钟。
struct neigh_table arp_tbl = {....parms = {.tbl = &arp_tbl,.reachable_time = 30 * HZ,.data = {[NEIGH_VAR_MCAST_PROBES] = 3,[NEIGH_VAR_UCAST_PROBES] = 3,[NEIGH_VAR_RETRANS_TIME] = 1 * HZ,[NEIGH_VAR_BASE_REACHABLE_TIME] = 30 * HZ,
如下处理函数neigh_periodic_work,如果邻居项的引用计数为1,并且,空闲了gc_stale定义的时长没有被使用,内核将释放此邻居项。
static void neigh_periodic_work(struct work_struct *work)
{struct neigh_table *tbl = container_of(work, struct neigh_table, gc_work.work);struct neighbour *n;struct neighbour __rcu **np;struct neigh_hash_table *nht;...nht = rcu_dereference_protected(tbl->nht, lockdep_is_held(&tbl->lock));...for (i = 0 ; i < (1 << nht->hash_shift); i++) {np = &nht->hash_buckets[i];while ((n = rcu_dereference_protected(*np,lockdep_is_held(&tbl->lock))) != NULL) {...if (refcount_read(&n->refcnt) == 1 &&(state == NUD_FAILED ||time_after(jiffies, n->used + NEIGH_VAR(n->parms, GC_STALETIME)))) {*np = n->next;neigh_mark_dead(n);write_unlock(&n->lock);neigh_cleanup_and_release(n);continue;}
内核版本 5.0
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