本文主要是介绍虚拟化逻辑架构：OVS 交换机与端口管理，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
目录
一、实验
1.OVS 交换机管理
2.OVS端口管理
二、问题
1.KVM下的br0和virbr0有何区别
一、实验
1.OVS 交换机管理
（1）查看网络信息
lo:本地回环接口
enp0s17 : ubuntu系统识别到的物理网卡
virbr0/br1/virbr0-nic : linux bridge 网桥相关
root:~# ip add show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 08:00:27:d8:2a:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.31.20/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s17valid_lft 42599sec preferred_lft 42599secinet6 fe80::f79a:6227:76ba:e22e/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: br1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:e1:3f:67:ea:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff（2）安装 openvswitch-switch
sudo apt-get install openvswitch-switch（3）查看软件ID与软件版本
root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edovs_version: "2.9.8"（4）创建OVS 虚拟交换机
ovs-vsctl add-br br0（5）查看openvswitch
root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edBridge "br0"Port "br0"Interface "br0"type: internalovs_version: "2.9.8"
（6）删除OVS 虚拟交换机并查看
ovs-vsctl del-br br0（7）再次查看openvswitch。显示已删除
root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edovs_version: "2.9.8"2.OVS端口管理
（1）向br0 中添加 if01端口，并且绑定 if01接口，设置端口类型 internal类型
ovs-vsctl add-port br0 if01 -- set interface if01 type=internal（2）将if01端口设置为access VLAN模式
ovs-vsctl set port if01 VLAN_mode=access （3)查看openvswitch
root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edBridge "br0"Port "if01"Interface "if01"type: internalPort "br0"Interface "br0"type: internalovs_version: "2.9.8"（4）查看网络信息
已新增br0和if01
root:/# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 08:00:27:d8:2a:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.31.20/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s17valid_lft 39205sec preferred_lft 39205secinet6 fe80::f79a:6227:76ba:e22e/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: br1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:e1:3f:67:ea:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: ovs-system: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:6f:7f:57:9f:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether ae:f5:0b:f1:b4:4c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
10: if01: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 96:1e:9c:4d:4d:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff(5)向br0 中添加 if02端口，并且绑定 if02接口，设置端口类型 internal类型
ovs-vsctl add-port br0 if02 -- set interface if02 type=internal(6)查看openvswitch
root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edBridge "br0"Port "if02"Interface "if02"type: internalPort "if01"Interface "if01"type: internalPort "br0"Interface "br0"type: internalovs_version: "2.9.8"(7) 查看网络信息
root:/# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 08:00:27:d8:2a:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.31.20/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s17valid_lft 39017sec preferred_lft 39017secinet6 fe80::f79a:6227:76ba:e22e/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: br1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:e1:3f:67:ea:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: ovs-system: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:6f:7f:57:9f:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether ae:f5:0b:f1:b4:4c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
10: if01: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 96:1e:9c:4d:4d:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
11: if02: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 66:c9:a7:75:d2:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff（8）删除名称为 br0的 ovs的if01端口
ovs-vsctl del-port br0 if01（9）查看openvswitch
root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edBridge "br0"Port "if02"Interface "if02"type: internalPort "br0"Interface "br0"type: internalovs_version: "2.9.8"（10）查看br0桥-OVS上的所有添加的port端口
root:/# ovs-vsctl list-ports br0
if02（11）查看网络信息
显示端口if01已删除
root:/# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 08:00:27:d8:2a:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.31.20/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s17valid_lft 38737sec preferred_lft 38737secinet6 fe80::f79a:6227:76ba:e22e/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: br1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:e1:3f:67:ea:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: ovs-system: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:6f:7f:57:9f:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether ae:f5:0b:f1:b4:4c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
11: if02: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 66:c9:a7:75:d2:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
（12）删除名称为 br0的 ovs的if02端口
ovs-vsctl del-port br0 if02
（13）查看openvswitch
root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edBridge "br0"Port "br0"Interface "br0"type: internalovs_version: "2.9.8"（14）查看网络信息
root:/# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 08:00:27:d8:2a:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.31.20/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s17valid_lft 38698sec preferred_lft 38698secinet6 fe80::f79a:6227:76ba:e22e/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: br1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:e1:3f:67:ea:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: ovs-system: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:6f:7f:57:9f:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether ae:f5:0b:f1:b4:4c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff（15）删除名称为 br0的 ovs
ovs-vsctl del-br br0（16）查看openvswitch
root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edovs_version: "2.9.8"二、问题
1.KVM下的br0和virbr0有何区别
（1）KVM 的三种网络模式
桥接、仅主机、NAT
（2）区别
默认br0是桥接模式；
virbr0为NAT模式,它其实就是hypervisor的虚拟接口
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