学习Hibernate5 JPA这一篇就够了

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第一章 Hibernate5 JPA快速入门

1.1、Hibernate5 JPA概述

JPA的全称是Java Persistence API， 即Java 持久化API，是SUN公司推出的一套基于ORM的规范，内部是由一系列的接口和抽象类构成。JPA通过JDK 5.0注解描述对象－关系表的映射关系，并将运行期的实体对象持久化到数据库中

但是JPA仅仅只是一套接口规范和抽象类，并不能真正的去干活，因此，就有很多厂商实现了JPA的规范，提供了相应的技术支持，就类似实现了JDBC的MySQL驱动，而本节课程将采用Hibernate实现作为驱动使用，因此我称之为Hibernate5 JPA

1.2、Hibernate5 JPA下载

官方网址：hibernate orm

目录介绍：

hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final文件夹介绍：

hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final\lib文件夹介绍：

1.3、Hibernate5 JPA工程搭建

前边学习的Hibernate，接下来进行工程搭建，根Hibernate相比，它只需要再多加入一个包就行

把下面四个文件夹的内容全部拷贝到lib中

• hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final\lib\required

• hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final\lib\optional\c3p0

• hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final\lib\jpa

• 日志记录包

• 数据库驱动

把下面五个文件夹的内容全部拷贝到lib中后，全部选中，右键Build Path一下

Java工程搭建好了以后，我们需要有一个数据库（hibernate_jpa）和两张表用于测试：

crm_cst_customer（客户表）

CREATE TABLE `cst_customer` (`cust_id` BIGINT(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '客户编号(主键)',`cust_name` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户名称',`cust_source` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户信息来源',`cust_industry` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户所属行业',`cust_level` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户级别',`cust_phone` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '固定电话',`cust_mobile` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '移动电话',PRIMARY KEY (`cust_id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

crm_cst_linkman（联系人表）

CREATE TABLE `cst_linkman` (`lkm_id` BIGINT(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '联系人编号(主键)',`lkm_name` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人姓名',`lkm_gender` CHAR(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人性别',`lkm_phone` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人办公电话',`lkm_mobile` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人手机',`lkm_email` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人邮箱',`lkm_qq` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人qq',`lkm_position` VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人职位',`lkm_memo` VARCHAR(512) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '联系人备注',`lkm_cust_id` BIGINT(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '客户id',PRIMARY KEY (`lkm_id`),KEY `FK_cst_linkman_lkm_cust_id` (`lkm_cust_id`),CONSTRAINT `FK_cst_linkman_lkm_cust_id` FOREIGN KEY (`lkm_cust_id`) REFERENCES `cst_customer` (`cust_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

在Java工程的src路径下创建一个名为META-INF的文件夹，在此文件夹下创建一个名为persistence.xml的配置文件

通用配置文件（掌握）：

persistence.xml（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/META-INF/persistence.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"version="2.0"><!-- 配置持久化单元* name				：持久化单元名称* transaction-type	：持久化单元事务类型JTA				：开启JTA分布式事务RESOURCE_LOCAL	：开启本地事务--><persistence-unit name="myJpa" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"><!-- 配置JPA服务提供商 --><provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider><!-- 配置JPA的基本参数 --><properties><!-- 配置数据库驱动 --><property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /><!-- 配置数据库地址 --><property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hibernate_jpa" /><!-- 配置数据库账户 --><property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root" /><!-- 配置数据库密码 --><property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="root" /><!-- 配置JPA服务提供商可选参数 --><property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" /><property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" /><property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create" /></properties></persistence-unit>
</persistence>

整合C3P0连接池版本配置文件（了解）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"version="2.0"><!-- 配置持久化单元* name				：持久化单元名称* transaction-type	：持久化单元事务类型JTA				：开启JTA分布式事务RESOURCE_LOCAL	：开启本地事务--><persistence-unit name="myJpa" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"><!-- 配置JPA服务提供商 --><provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider><!-- 配置JPA的基本参数 --><properties><!-- Hibernate JPA基本配置 --><property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /><property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hibernate_jpa" /><property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" /><property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="root" /><property name="hibernate.connection.isolation" value="4" /><property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" /><property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class" value="thread" /><!-- Hibernate JPA可选配置 --><property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" /><property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" /><property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create" /><!-- Hibernate JPA整合C3P0数据库连接池 --><property name="hibernate.connection.provider_class" value="org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider" /><!-- 数据库连接池的最小连接数 --><property name="c3p0.min_size" value="5" /><!-- 数据库连接池的最大连接数 --><property name="c3p0.max_size" value="30" /><!-- 最大空闲时间，60秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。若为0则永不丢弃。Default: 0 --><property name="c3p0.maxIdleTime" value="60" /><!-- 获得连接的超时时间,如果超过这个时间,会抛出异常，单位毫秒 --><property name="c3p0.timeout" value="1800" /><!-- 最大的PreparedStatement的数量 --><property name="c3p0.max_statements" value="50" /><!-- 每隔120秒检查连接池里的空闲连接，单位是秒 --><property name="c3p0.idle_test_period" value="120" /><!-- 当连接池里面的连接用完的时候，C3P0一下获取的新的连接数 --><property name="c3p0.acquire_increment" value="1" /><!-- 是否每次都验证连接是否可用 --><property name="c3p0.validate" value="false" /></properties></persistence-unit>
</persistence>

对于本节课程来说，使用哪一个都可以，但是第一个更通用，更简单，我们采用第一个，配置文件有了以后，我们需要编写实体类跟数据库表的映射关系

Customer.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/Customer.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;/*** @Entity	：声明是一个实体类* @Table	：配置实体类和表的映射关系* 	* name	：配置数据库表的名称*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_customer")
public class Customer {/*** @Id				：声明主键的配置* @GeneratedValue	：配置主键的生成策略*      strategy：*          GenerationType.IDENTITY	：自增（底层数据库必须支持自动增长），mysql*          GenerationType.SEQUENCE	：序列（底层数据库必须支持序列），oracle*          GenerationType.TABLE	：JPA提供的一种机制，通过一张数据库表的形式帮助我们完成主键自增*          GenerationType.AUTO		：由程序自动的帮助我们选择主键生成策略* @Column			：配置属性和字段的映射关系* 		name		：数据库表中字段的名称*/@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)@Column(name = "cust_id")private Long custId;@Column(name = "cust_name")private String custName;@Column(name = "cust_source")private String custSource;@Column(name = "cust_industry")private String custIndustry;@Column(name = "cust_level")private String custLevel;@Column(name = "cust_phone")private String custPhone;@Column(name = "cust_mobile")private String custMobile;public Long getCustId() {return custId;}public void setCustId(Long custId) {this.custId = custId;}public String getCustName() {return custName;}public void setCustName(String custName) {this.custName = custName;}public String getCustSource() {return custSource;}public void setCustSource(String custSource) {this.custSource = custSource;}public String getCustIndustry() {return custIndustry;}public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry) {this.custIndustry = custIndustry;}public String getCustLevel() {return custLevel;}public void setCustLevel(String custLevel) {this.custLevel = custLevel;}public String getCustPhone() {return custPhone;}public void setCustPhone(String custPhone) {this.custPhone = custPhone;}public String getCustMobile() {return custMobile;}public void setCustMobile(String custMobile) {this.custMobile = custMobile;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Customer [custId=" + custId + ", custName=" + custName + ", custSource=" + custSource + ", custIndustry=" + custIndustry + ", custLevel=" + custLevel + ", custPhone=" + custPhone + ", custMobile=" + custMobile + "]";}}

LinkMan.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/LinkMan.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_linkman")
public class LinkMan {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)@Column(name = "lkm_id")private Long lkmId;@Column(name = "lkm_name")private String lkmName;@Column(name = "lkm_gender")private String lkmGender;@Column(name = "lkm_phone")private String lkmPhone;@Column(name = "lkm_mobile")private String lkmMobile;@Column(name = "lkm_email")private String lkmEmail;@Column(name = "lkm_qq")private String lkmQq;@Column(name = "lkm_position")private String lkmPosition;@Column(name = "lkm_memo")private String lkmMemo;public Long getLkmId() {return lkmId;}public void setLkmId(Long lkmId) {this.lkmId = lkmId;}public String getLkmName() {return lkmName;}public void setLkmName(String lkmName) {this.lkmName = lkmName;}public String getLkmGender() {return lkmGender;}public void setLkmGender(String lkmGender) {this.lkmGender = lkmGender;}public String getLkmPhone() {return lkmPhone;}public void setLkmPhone(String lkmPhone) {this.lkmPhone = lkmPhone;}public String getLkmMobile() {return lkmMobile;}public void setLkmMobile(String lkmMobile) {this.lkmMobile = lkmMobile;}public String getLkmEmail() {return lkmEmail;}public void setLkmEmail(String lkmEmail) {this.lkmEmail = lkmEmail;}public String getLkmQq() {return lkmQq;}public void setLkmQq(String lkmQq) {this.lkmQq = lkmQq;}public String getLkmPosition() {return lkmPosition;}public void setLkmPosition(String lkmPosition) {this.lkmPosition = lkmPosition;}public String getLkmMemo() {return lkmMemo;}public void setLkmMemo(String lkmMemo) {this.lkmMemo = lkmMemo;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "LinkMan [lkmId=" + lkmId + ", lkmName=" + lkmName + ", lkmGender=" + lkmGender + ", lkmPhone=" + lkmPhone + ", lkmMobile=" + lkmMobile + ", lkmEmail=" + lkmEmail + ", lkmQq=" + lkmQq + ", lkmPosition=" + lkmPosition + ", lkmMemo=" + lkmMemo + "]";}}

1.4、Hibernate5 JPA增删改查

CustomerJPATest.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/CustomerJPATest.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;import org.junit.Test;public class CustomerJPATest {/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create* 保存操作*/@Testpublic void testSave() {// 获取实体管理器工厂		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");// 获取实体管理器EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();// 获取事务EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();// 开启事务transaction.begin();// 创建实体对象并保存Customer customer1 = new Customer();customer1.setCustName("张三");entityManager.persist(customer1);Customer customer2 = new Customer();customer2.setCustName("李四");entityManager.persist(customer2);Customer customer3 = new Customer();customer3.setCustName("王五");entityManager.persist(customer3);// 提交事务transaction.commit();// 释放资源entityManager.close();entityManagerFactory.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 立即查询操作*/@Testpublic void testQuery1() {// 获取实体管理器工厂		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");// 获取实体管理器EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();// 获取事务EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();// 开启事务transaction.begin();// 查询实体并输出Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 2L);System.out.println(customer);// 提交事务transaction.commit();// 释放资源entityManager.close();entityManagerFactory.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 延迟查询操作*/@Testpublic void testQuery2() {// 获取实体管理器工厂		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");// 获取实体管理器EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();// 获取事务EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();// 开启事务transaction.begin();// 查询实体并输出Customer customer = entityManager.getReference(Customer.class, 2L);System.out.println(customer);// 提交事务transaction.commit();// 释放资源entityManager.close();entityManagerFactory.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 删除操作*/@Testpublic void testDelete() {// 获取实体管理器工厂		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");// 获取实体管理器EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();// 获取事务EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();// 开启事务transaction.begin();// 查询实体并删除Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 1L);entityManager.remove(customer);// 提交事务transaction.commit();// 释放资源entityManager.close();entityManagerFactory.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 更新操作*/@Testpublic void testUpdate() {// 获取实体管理器工厂		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");// 获取实体管理器EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();// 获取事务EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();// 开启事务transaction.begin();// 查询实体并更新Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 2L);customer.setCustSource("电视广告");entityManager.merge(customer);// 提交事务transaction.commit();// 释放资源entityManager.close();entityManagerFactory.close();}}

1.5、Hibernate5 JPA工具类

JPAUtil.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/JPAUtil.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;public class JPAUtil {private static EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;static {entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJpa");}public static EntityManager getEntityManager() {return entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();}}

第二章 Hibernate5 JPA核心对象

2.1、Persistence

Persistence对象主要作用是用于获取EntityManagerFactory对象的 。通过调用该类的createEntityManagerFactory静态方法，根据配置文件中持久化单元名称创建EntityManagerFactory。

2.2、EntityManagerFactory

EntityManagerFactory 接口主要用来创建 EntityManager 实例。

2.3、EntityManager

在 JPA 规范中，EntityManager是完成持久化操作的核心对象。实体类作为普通 java对象，只有在调用 EntityManager将其持久化后才会变成持久化对象。EntityManager对象在一组实体类与底层数据源之间进行 O/R 映射的管理。它可以用来管理和更新 Entity Bean，根椐主键查找 Entity Bean, 还可以通过JPQL语句查询实体。我们可以通过调用EntityManager的方法完成获取事务，以及持久化数据库的操作，例如：

• getTransaction：获取事务对象
• persist：保存操作
• merge：更新操作
• remove：删除操作
• find/getReference：根据id查询

2.4、EntityTransaction

在 JPA 规范中，EntityTransaction是完成事务操作的核心对象，对于EntityTransaction在我们的Java代码中承接的功能比较简单。

• begin：开启事务
• commit：提交事务
• rollback：回滚事务

第三章 Hibernate5 JPA映射配置

3.1、一对多关联

3.1.1、修改实体

修改Customer.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/Customer.java）

在toString方法的下面添加多的集合

/*** 一对多：一的一方配置多的集合* @OneToMany	：映射一对多* 	* fetch		：抓取策略* 		FetchType.LAZY		：延迟加载（默认）* 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查询（多表连接查询）* 	* cascade	：级联操作* 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：级联保存* 		CascadeType.MERGE	：级联更新* 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：级联删除* 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支持*  * mappedBy	：放弃外键维护*/
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "customer")
private Set<LinkMan> linkMans = new HashSet<LinkMan>();public Set<LinkMan> getLinkMans() {return linkMans;
}public void setLinkMans(Set<LinkMan> linkMans) {this.linkMans = linkMans;
}

修改LinkMan.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/LinkMan.java）

在toString方法的下面添加一的对象

/*** 多对一：多的一方配置一的对象* @ManyToOne	：映射多对一* 	* fetch		：抓取策略* 		FetchType.LAZY		：延迟加载（默认）* 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查询（多表连接查询）* 	* cascade	：级联操作* 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：级联保存* 		CascadeType.MERGE	：级联更新* 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：级联删除* 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支持* @JoinColumn	：设置两张表之间外键列* 		name				；外键的名称*/
@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
@JoinColumn(name = "lkm_cust_id")
private Customer customer = new Customer();public Customer getCustomer() {return customer;
}public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {this.customer = customer;
}

3.1.2、测试代码

OneToManyTest.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/OneToManyTest.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import java.util.Set;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;import org.junit.Test;public class OneToManyTest {/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create* 保存客户级联保存联系人*/@Testpublic void test1() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 创建两个客户Customer customer1 = new Customer();customer1.setCustName("张三");Customer customer2 = new Customer();customer2.setCustName("李四");// 创建三个联系人LinkMan linkMan1 = new LinkMan();linkMan1.setLkmName("凤姐");LinkMan linkMan2 = new LinkMan();linkMan2.setLkmName("如花");LinkMan linkMan3 = new LinkMan();linkMan3.setLkmName("旺财");customer1.getLinkMans().add(linkMan1);customer1.getLinkMans().add(linkMan2);customer2.getLinkMans().add(linkMan3);linkMan1.setCustomer(customer1);linkMan2.setCustomer(customer1);linkMan3.setCustomer(customer2);entityManager.persist(customer1);entityManager.persist(customer2);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create* 保存联系人级联保存客户*/@Testpublic void test2() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 创建两个客户Customer customer1 = new Customer();customer1.setCustName("张三");Customer customer2 = new Customer();customer2.setCustName("李四");// 创建三个联系人LinkMan linkMan1 = new LinkMan();linkMan1.setLkmName("凤姐");LinkMan linkMan2 = new LinkMan();linkMan2.setLkmName("如花");LinkMan linkMan3 = new LinkMan();linkMan3.setLkmName("旺财");customer1.getLinkMans().add(linkMan1);customer1.getLinkMans().add(linkMan2);customer2.getLinkMans().add(linkMan3);linkMan1.setCustomer(customer1);linkMan2.setCustomer(customer1);linkMan3.setCustomer(customer2);entityManager.persist(linkMan1);entityManager.persist(linkMan2);entityManager.persist(linkMan3);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 查询客户级联查询联系人*/@Testpublic void test3() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 1L);System.out.println(customer);Set<LinkMan> linkMans = customer.getLinkMans();for (LinkMan linkMan : linkMans) {System.out.println(linkMan);}transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 查询联系人级联查询客户*/@Testpublic void test4() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();LinkMan linkMan = entityManager.find(LinkMan.class, 1L);System.out.println(linkMan);Customer customer = linkMan.getCustomer();System.out.println(customer);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 修改客户、修改联系人，保存客户级联保存联系人*/@Testpublic void test5() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 1L);customer.setCustSource("电视广告");Set<LinkMan> linkMans = customer.getLinkMans();for (LinkMan linkMan : linkMans) {linkMan.setLkmMobile("15633029014");}entityManager.persist(customer);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 修改客户、修改联系人，保存联系人级联保存客户*/@Testpublic void test6() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();LinkMan linkMan = entityManager.find(LinkMan.class, 1L);linkMan.setLkmMobile("110");Customer customer = linkMan.getCustomer();customer.setCustMobile("110");entityManager.persist(linkMan);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 删除客户级联删除联系人*/@Testpublic void test7() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 1L);entityManager.remove(customer);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 删除联系人级联删除客户*/@Testpublic void test8() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();LinkMan linkMan = entityManager.find(LinkMan.class, 3L);entityManager.remove(linkMan);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}}

3.2、多对多关联

sys_user（用户表）

CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (`user_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户id',`user_code` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户账号',`user_name` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',`user_password` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户密码',`user_state` char(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户状态',PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

sys_role（角色表）

CREATE TABLE `sys_role` (`role_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '角色id',`role_name` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色名称',`role_memo` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色备注',PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

sys_user_role（中间表）

CREATE TABLE `sys_user_role` (`role_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '角色id',`user_id` bigint(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户id',PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`,`user_id`),KEY `FK_user_role_user_id` (`user_id`),CONSTRAINT `FK_user_role_role_id` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `sys_role` (`role_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION,CONSTRAINT `FK_user_role_user_id` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `sys_user` (`user_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

3.2.1、创建实体

User.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/User.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;@Entity
@Table(name = "sys_user")
public class User {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)@Column(name = "user_id")private Long userId;@Column(name = "user_code")private String userCode;@Column(name = "user_name")private String userName;@Column(name = "user_password")private String userPassword;@Column(name = "user_state")private String userState;public Long getUserId() {return userId;}public void setUserId(Long userId) {this.userId = userId;}public String getUserCode() {return userCode;}public void setUserCode(String userCode) {this.userCode = userCode;}public String getUserName() {return userName;}public void setUserName(String userName) {this.userName = userName;}public String getUserPassword() {return userPassword;}public void setUserPassword(String userPassword) {this.userPassword = userPassword;}public String getUserState() {return userState;}public void setUserState(String userState) {this.userState = userState;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User [userId=" + userId + ", userCode=" + userCode + ", userName=" + userName + ", userPassword=" + userPassword + ", userState=" + userState + "]";}/*** 多对多：另一方的集合对象* @ManyToMany	：映射多对多* 	* fetch		：抓取策略* 		FetchType.LAZY		：延迟加载（默认）* 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查询（多表连接查询）* 	* cascade	：级联操作* 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：级联保存* 		CascadeType.MERGE	：级联更新* 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：级联删除* 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支持* @JoinTable	：用于对应中间表的设置* 	* name				：中间表名称* 	* joinColumns		：设置中间表与本表关联的外键* 	* inverseJoinColumns：设置中间表与关联表对应的外键*/@ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)@JoinTable(name = "sys_user_role", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "role_id"))private Set<Role> roles = new HashSet<Role>();public Set<Role> getRoles() {return roles;}public void setRoles(Set<Role> roles) {this.roles = roles;}}

Role.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/Role.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;@Entity
@Table(name = "sys_role")
public class Role {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)@Column(name = "role_id")private Long roleId;@Column(name = "role_name")private String roleName;@Column(name = "role_memo")private String roleMemo;public Long getRoleId() {return roleId;}public void setRoleId(Long roleId) {this.roleId = roleId;}public String getRoleName() {return roleName;}public void setRoleName(String roleName) {this.roleName = roleName;}public String getRoleMemo() {return roleMemo;}public void setRoleMemo(String roleMemo) {this.roleMemo = roleMemo;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Role [roleId=" + roleId + ", roleName=" + roleName + ", roleMemo=" + roleMemo + "]";}/*** 多对多：另一方的集合对象* @ManyToMany	：映射多对多* 	* fetch		：抓取策略* 		FetchType.LAZY		：延迟加载（默认）* 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查询（多表连接查询）* 	* cascade	：级联操作* 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：级联保存* 		CascadeType.MERGE	：级联更新* 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：级联删除* 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支持*  * mappedBy	：放弃外键维护*/@ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "roles")private Set<User> users = new HashSet<User>();public Set<User> getUsers() {return users;}public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {this.users = users;}}

3.2.2、测试代码

ManyToManyTest.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/ManyToManyTest.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import java.util.Set;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;import org.junit.Test;public class ManyToManyTest {/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create* 保存用户级联保存角色*/@Testpublic void test1() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 创建两个用户User user1 = new User();user1.setUserName("曹晨磊");User user2 = new User();user2.setUserName("曹晨旭");// 创建三个角色Role role1 = new Role();role1.setRoleName("吕布");Role role2 = new Role();role2.setRoleName("东皇");Role role3 = new Role();role3.setRoleName("赵云");user1.getRoles().add(role1);user1.getRoles().add(role2);user2.getRoles().add(role3);role1.getUsers().add(user1);role2.getUsers().add(user1);role3.getUsers().add(user2);entityManager.persist(user1);entityManager.persist(user2);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create* 保存角色级联保存用户*/@Testpublic void test2() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 创建两个用户User user1 = new User();user1.setUserName("曹晨磊");User user2 = new User();user2.setUserName("曹晨旭");// 创建三个角色Role role1 = new Role();role1.setRoleName("吕布");Role role2 = new Role();role2.setRoleName("东皇");Role role3 = new Role();role3.setRoleName("赵云");user1.getRoles().add(role1);user1.getRoles().add(role2);user2.getRoles().add(role3);role1.getUsers().add(user1);role2.getUsers().add(user1);role3.getUsers().add(user2);entityManager.persist(role1);entityManager.persist(role2);entityManager.persist(role3);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 查询用户级联查询角色*/@Testpublic void test3() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();User user = entityManager.find(User.class, 1L);System.out.println(user);Set<Role> roles = user.getRoles();for (Role role : roles) {System.out.println(role);}transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 查询角色级联查询用户*/@Testpublic void test4() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();Role role = entityManager.find(Role.class, 3L);System.out.println(role);Set<User> users = role.getUsers();for (User user : users) {System.out.println(user);}transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 修改用户、修改角色，更新用户级联更新角色*/@Testpublic void test5() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();User user = entityManager.find(User.class, 1L);user.setUserPassword("123456");Set<Role> roles = user.getRoles();for (Role role : roles) {role.setRoleMemo("123456");}entityManager.merge(user);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 修改用户、修改角色，更新角色级联更新用户*/@Testpublic void test6() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();Role role = entityManager.find(Role.class, 3L);role.setRoleMemo("123456");Set<User> users = role.getUsers();for (User user : users) {user.setUserPassword("123456");}entityManager.merge(role);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 删除用户级联删除角色*/@Testpublic void test7() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();User user = entityManager.find(User.class, 1L);entityManager.remove(user);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 删除角色级联删除用户*/@Testpublic void test8() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();Role role = entityManager.find(Role.class, 3L);entityManager.remove(role);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}}

3.3、一对一关联

student_base_info（学生信息基本表）

CREATE TABLE `student_base_info` (`stu_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '学生id',`stu_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '学生姓名',`stu_sex` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '学生性别',PRIMARY KEY (`stu_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

student_other_info（学生信息拓展表）

CREATE TABLE `student_other_info` (`stu_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '学生id',`stu_img` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '学生头像',`stu_address` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '学生地址',PRIMARY KEY (`stu_id`),CONSTRAINT `FK_stu_id` FOREIGN KEY (`stu_id`) REFERENCES `student_base_info` (`stu_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

3.3.1、创建实体

StuBaseInfo.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/StuBaseInfo.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;@Entity
@Table(name = "student_base_info")
public class StuBaseInfo {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)@Column(name = "stu_id")private Long stuId;@Column(name = "stu_name")private String stuName;@Column(name = "stu_sex")private String stuSex;public Long getStuId() {return stuId;}public void setStuId(Long stuId) {this.stuId = stuId;}public String getStuName() {return stuName;}public void setStuName(String stuName) {this.stuName = stuName;}public String getStuSex() {return stuSex;}public void setStuSex(String stuSex) {this.stuSex = stuSex;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "StuBaseInfo [stuId=" + stuId + ", stuName=" + stuName + ", stuSex=" + stuSex + "]";}/*** 一对一：另一方的对象* @OneToOne	：映射一对一* 	* fetch		：抓取策略* 		FetchType.LAZY		：延迟加载（默认）* 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查询（多表连接查询）* 	* cascade	：级联操作* 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：级联保存* 		CascadeType.MERGE	：级联更新* 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：级联删除* 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支持*  * mappedBy	：放弃外键维护*/@OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "stuBaseInfo")private StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo;public StuOtherInfo getStuOtherInfo() {return stuOtherInfo;}public void setStuOtherInfo(StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo) {this.stuOtherInfo = stuOtherInfo;}}

StuOtherInfo.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/StuOtherInfo.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;@Entity
@Table(name = "student_other_info")
public class StuOtherInfo {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)@Column(name = "stu_id")private Long stuId;@Column(name = "stu_img")private String stuImg;@Column(name = "stu_address")private String stuAddress;public Long getStuId() {return stuId;}public void setStuId(Long stuId) {this.stuId = stuId;}public String getStuImg() {return stuImg;}public void setStuImg(String stuImg) {this.stuImg = stuImg;}public String getStuAddress() {return stuAddress;}public void setStuAddress(String stuAddress) {this.stuAddress = stuAddress;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "StuOtherInfo [stuId=" + stuId + ", stuImg=" + stuImg + ", stuAddress=" + stuAddress + "]";}/*** 一对一：另一方的对象* @OneToOne	：映射一对一* 	* fetch		：抓取策略* 		FetchType.LAZY		：延迟加载（默认）* 		FetchType.EAGER		：迫切查询（多表连接查询）* 	* cascade	：级联操作* 		CascadeType.PERSIST	：级联保存* 		CascadeType.MERGE	：级联更新* 		CascadeType.REMOVE	：级联删除* 		CascadeType.ALL		：全部支持* @JoinColumn	：设置两张表之间外键列* 		name				；外键的名称*/@OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)@JoinColumn(name = "stu_id")private StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo ;public StuBaseInfo getStuBaseInfo() {return stuBaseInfo;}public void setStuBaseInfo(StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo) {this.stuBaseInfo = stuBaseInfo;}}

3.3.2、测试代码

OneToOneTest.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/OneToOneTest.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;import org.junit.Test;public class OneToOneTest {/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create* 保存学生基本信息级联保存学生拓展信息*/@Testpublic void test1() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 创建两个学生基本信息StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo1 = new StuBaseInfo();stuBaseInfo1.setStuName("张三");StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo2 = new StuBaseInfo();stuBaseInfo2.setStuName("李四");// 创建两个学生拓展信息StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo1 = new StuOtherInfo();stuOtherInfo1.setStuImg("http:img.caochenlei.com/001.png");StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo2 = new StuOtherInfo();stuOtherInfo2.setStuImg("http:img.caochenlei.com/002.png");stuBaseInfo1.setStuOtherInfo(stuOtherInfo1);stuBaseInfo2.setStuOtherInfo(stuOtherInfo2);stuOtherInfo1.setStuBaseInfo(stuBaseInfo1);stuOtherInfo2.setStuBaseInfo(stuBaseInfo2);entityManager.persist(stuBaseInfo1);entityManager.persist(stuBaseInfo2);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create* 保存学生拓展信息级联保存学生基本信息*/@Testpublic void test2() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 创建两个学生基本信息StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo1 = new StuBaseInfo();stuBaseInfo1.setStuName("张三");StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo2 = new StuBaseInfo();stuBaseInfo2.setStuName("李四");// 创建两个学生拓展信息StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo1 = new StuOtherInfo();stuOtherInfo1.setStuImg("http:img.caochenlei.com/001.png");StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo2 = new StuOtherInfo();stuOtherInfo2.setStuImg("http:img.caochenlei.com/002.png");stuBaseInfo1.setStuOtherInfo(stuOtherInfo1);stuBaseInfo2.setStuOtherInfo(stuOtherInfo2);stuOtherInfo1.setStuBaseInfo(stuBaseInfo1);stuOtherInfo2.setStuBaseInfo(stuBaseInfo2);entityManager.persist(stuOtherInfo1);entityManager.persist(stuOtherInfo2);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 查询学生基本信息级联查询学生拓展信息*/@Testpublic void test3() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo = entityManager.find(StuBaseInfo.class, 1L);System.out.println(stuBaseInfo);StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo = stuBaseInfo.getStuOtherInfo();System.out.println(stuOtherInfo);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 查询学生拓展信息级联查询学生基本信息*/@Testpublic void test4() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo = entityManager.find(StuOtherInfo.class, 1L);System.out.println(stuOtherInfo);StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo = stuOtherInfo.getStuBaseInfo();System.out.println(stuBaseInfo);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 更新学生基本信息级联更新学生拓展信息*/@Testpublic void test5() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo = entityManager.find(StuBaseInfo.class, 1L);stuBaseInfo.setStuSex("男");StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo = stuBaseInfo.getStuOtherInfo();stuOtherInfo.setStuAddress("河北省");entityManager.merge(stuBaseInfo);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 更新学生拓展信息级联更新学生基本信息*/@Testpublic void test6() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo = entityManager.find(StuOtherInfo.class, 2L);stuOtherInfo.setStuAddress("河南省");StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo = stuOtherInfo.getStuBaseInfo();stuBaseInfo.setStuSex("女");entityManager.merge(stuOtherInfo);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 删除学生基本信息级联删除学生拓展信息*/@Testpublic void test7() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();StuBaseInfo stuBaseInfo = entityManager.find(StuBaseInfo.class, 1L);entityManager.remove(stuBaseInfo);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}/*** 运行之前，修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update* 删除学生拓展信息级联删除学生基本信息*/@Testpublic void test8() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();StuOtherInfo stuOtherInfo = entityManager.find(StuOtherInfo.class, 2L);entityManager.remove(stuOtherInfo);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}}

第四章 Hibernate5 JPA的JPQL查询

初始化数据，运行init方法：

InitQueryData.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/InitQueryData.java）

package com.caochenlei.hibernate.jpa;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;import org.junit.Test;public class InitQueryData {/*** 执行前：修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create* 执行此方法* 执行后：修改hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update*/@Testpublic void init() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 创建一个客户Customer customer1 = new Customer();customer1.setCustName("张三");customer1.setCustSource("电视广告");// 创建十个联系人for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {LinkMan linkMan = new LinkMan();linkMan.setLkmName("张三的联系人" + i);linkMan.setCustomer(customer1);customer1.getLinkMans().add(linkMan);entityManager.persist(linkMan);}entityManager.persist(customer1);// 创建一个客户Customer customer2 = new Customer();customer2.setCustName("李四");customer2.setCustSource("网络论坛");// 创建十个联系人for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {LinkMan linkMan = new LinkMan();linkMan.setLkmName("李四的联系人" + i);linkMan.setCustomer(customer2);customer2.getLinkMans().add(linkMan);entityManager.persist(linkMan);}entityManager.persist(customer2);// 创建一个客户Customer customer3 = new Customer();customer3.setCustName("王五");customer3.setCustSource("街边告示");// 创建十个联系人for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {LinkMan linkMan = new LinkMan();linkMan.setLkmName("王五的联系人" + i);linkMan.setCustomer(customer3);customer3.getLinkMans().add(linkMan);entityManager.persist(linkMan);}entityManager.persist(customer3);// 创建一个客户Customer customer4 = new Customer();customer4.setCustName("王五");customer4.setCustSource("电视广告");entityManager.persist(customer4);transaction.commit();entityManager.close();}}

以下的方法，均在下边文件进行测试：

JPQLTest.java（全路径：/hibernate_jpa/src/com/caochenlei/hibernate/jpa/JPQLTest.java）

4.1、简单查询

@Test
public void test1() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 查询所有客户Query query = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer");List<Customer> list = query.getResultList();for (Customer customer : list) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");transaction.commit();entityManager.close();
}

4.2、别名查询

@Test
public void test2() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 查询所有客户Query query1 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer c");List<Customer> list1 = query1.getResultList();for (Customer customer : list1) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 查询所有客户Query query2 = entityManager.createQuery("select c from Customer c");List<Customer> list2 = query2.getResultList();for (Customer customer : list2) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");transaction.commit();entityManager.close();
}

4.3、排序查询

@Test
public void test3() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 采用链式调用，默认情况（升序）List<Customer> list1 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer order by cust_id").getResultList();for (Customer customer : list1) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 采用链式调用，升序情况List<Customer> list2 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer order by cust_id asc").getResultList();for (Customer customer : list2) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 采用链式调用，降序情况List<Customer> list3 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer order by cust_id desc").getResultList();for (Customer customer : list3) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");transaction.commit();entityManager.close();
}

4.4、条件查询

@Test
public void test4() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 条件查询：按参数位置绑定Query query1 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer where cust_source = ? and cust_name like ?");query1.setParameter(1, "电视广告");query1.setParameter(2, "王%");List<Customer> list1 = query1.getResultList();for (Customer customer : list1) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 条件查询：按参数名称绑定Query query2 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer where cust_source = :aaa and cust_name like :bbb");query2.setParameter("aaa", "电视广告");query2.setParameter("bbb", "王%");List<Customer> list2 = query2.getResultList();for (Customer customer : list2) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");transaction.commit();entityManager.close();
}

4.5、投影查询

@Test
public void test5() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 查询所有客户名称：单个字段查询Query query1 = entityManager.createQuery("select c.custName from Customer c");List<Object> list1 = query1.getResultList();for (Object cust_name : list1) {System.out.println(cust_name);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 查询所有客户名称、客户来源：多个字段查询，封装到数组中Query query2 = entityManager.createQuery("select c.custName,c.custSource from Customer c");List<Object[]> list2 = query2.getResultList();for (Object[] objects : list2) {System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 查询所有客户名称、客户来源：多个字段查询，封装到对象中// 请在Customer.java添加以下两个构造方法，否则会执行失败// public Customer()// public Customer(String custName, String custSource)Query query3 = entityManager.createQuery("select new Customer(c.custName,c.custSource) from Customer c");List<Customer> list3 = query3.getResultList();for (Customer customer : list3) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");transaction.commit();entityManager.close();
}

4.6、分页查询

@Test
public void test6() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 分页查询Query query = entityManager.createQuery("from LinkMan");query.setFirstResult(0);query.setMaxResults(10);List<LinkMan> list = query.getResultList();for (LinkMan linkMan : list) {System.out.println(linkMan);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");transaction.commit();entityManager.close();
}

4.7、分组查询

@Test
public void test7() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 聚合函数：count(),max(),min(),avg(),sum()Object object = entityManager.createQuery("select count(*) from Customer").getSingleResult();System.out.println(object);System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 分组统计：List<Object[]> list = entityManager.createQuery("select custSource,count(*) from Customer group by cust_source").getResultList();for (Object[] objects : list) {System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");transaction.commit();entityManager.close();
}

4.8、多表查询

@Test
public void test8() {EntityManager entityManager = JPAUtil.getEntityManager();EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();transaction.begin();// 内连接List<Object[]> list1 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer c inner join c.linkMans").getResultList();for (Object[] objects : list1) {System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 迫切内连接（hibernate独有，将另一个对象的数据封装到该对象中）List<Customer> list2 = entityManager.createQuery("select distinct c from Customer c inner join fetch c.linkMans").getResultList();for (Customer customer : list2) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 左外连接List<Object[]> list3 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer c left outer join c.linkMans").getResultList();for (Object[] objects : list3) {System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 迫切左外连接（hibernate独有，将另一个对象的数据封装到该对象中）List<Customer> list4 = entityManager.createQuery("select distinct c from Customer c left outer join fetch c.linkMans").getResultList();for (Customer customer : list4) {System.out.println(customer);}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");// 右外连接List<Object[]> list5 = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer c right outer join c.linkMans").getResultList();for (Object[] objects : list5) {System.out.println(Arrays.toString(objects));}System.err.println("--------------------------------------------------");transaction.commit();entityManager.close();
}