超声波探伤仪是目前工业制造和现代化检测的重要途径之一，广泛的应用在质量检测和产品检测中，通过使用其产品能够有效地降低产品次品的风险。尽管随着电子技术的发展，国内出现了一些数字化的超声检测仪器，但其数据处理及扩展能力有限，缺乏足够的灵活性。本设计超声检测技术，基于LABVIEW开发的超声探伤仪智能系统的组成、软件设计和抗干扰措施, 以脉冲反射式超声探伤仪为代表研制完成一个良好的数字化的超声检测平台，该系统具有测量、数字显示、数据分析等功能, 并具有工作稳定、性能好等优点。为以后进一步的更深入的超声数字信号处理研究打下了良好的基础。
超声检测是无损检测的主要技术之一，已被广泛地应用于在线质量控制、在役设备和关键零部件的安全检测之中。超声波探伤仪作为超声波检测技术实现的载体，在超声波检测中具有重要的研究意义。为提高超声检测的可靠性和效率，开发研制数字化、智能化、自动化、图像化的超声波无损探伤系统是当今无损检测技术的必然趋势。
本文主要介绍超声波探伤仪的设计，首先介绍超声波检测的基本原理以及其发展历史、目前现状等。然后对设计中的数字式超声波探伤仪的总体设计及各功能模块进行了探讨，确定了探伤仪设计的解决方案。之后重点研究数字化超声波探伤仪系统的软件设计，包括超声波的发射电路，接收电路，信号调理电路以及数据采集处理系统等相关的设计和实现。最后介绍了数字超声无损探伤仪系统的软件设计，对系统软件设计的总体流程、超声波激励脉冲信号产生、数据采集系统的逻辑控制以及回波信号的数据处理进行了介绍。
关键词：无损检测；超声波探伤；LABVIEW；信号调理，数据采集
Abstract
Ultrasonic flaw detector is one of the important ways of industrial manufacturing and modern testing, widely used in quality testing and product testing, through the use of its products can effectively reduce the risk of defective products. Although with the development of electronic technology, there are some digital ultrasonic testing instruments in China, but their data processing and expansion capacity is limited, lack of enough flexibility. Ultrasonic testing technology, the design of ultrasonic flaw detector intelligent system based on LABVIEW development, software design and anti-interference measures, represented by the pulse reflection type ultrasonic flaw detector was developed to complete a good platform for the digital ultrasonic testing, the system functions such as measurement, digital display, data analysis, and has the advantages of working stability, good performance. It lays a good foundation for further research on ultrasonic digital signal processing.
Ultrasonic testing is one of the main techniques of nondestructive testing, which has been widely used in on-line quality control, in-service equipment and safety testing of key components. As the carrier of ultrasonic testing technology, ultrasonic flaw detector has important research significance in ultrasonic testing. In order to improve the reliability and efficiency of ultrasonic testing, the development of digital, intelligent, automatic and pictorial ultrasonic NDT system is the inevitable trend of current NDT technology.
This paper mainly introduces the design of ultrasonic flaw detector, firstly introduces the basic principle of ultrasonic detection and its development history, the present situation, etc. Then the overall design and functional modules of the digital ultrasonic flaw detector are discussed, and the design solutions of flaw detector are determined. After that, it focuses on the software design of digital ultrasonic flaw detector system, including the design and implementation of ultrasonic transmitting circuit, receiving circuit, signal conditioning circuit and data acquisition and processing system. Finally, the software design of digital ultrasonic nondestructive flaw detector system is introduced. The overall software design process, ultrasonic excitation pulse signal generation, logic control of data acquisition system and data processing of echo signal are introduced.
Keywords: Nondestructive testing; Ultrasonic testing; LABVIEW; Signal conditioning, data acquisition
