本文主要是介绍前端drag api课程表demo，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
HTML
<div><h1 style="text-align: center">课程表</h1><div class="container"><div class="left" data-drop="move"><!-- draggable="true"实现可拖拽 --><div data-effect="copy" draggable="true" class="color1 item">语文</div><div data-effect="copy" draggable="true" class="color2 item">数学</div><div data-effect="copy" draggable="true" class="color3 item">英语</div><div data-effect="copy" draggable="true" class="color4 item">政治</div><div data-effect="copy" draggable="true" class="color5 item">历史</div><div data-effect="copy" draggable="true" class="color6 item">地理</div><div data-effect="copy" draggable="true" class="color7 item">物理</div></div><div class="right"><table><tr><th>周一</th><th>周二</th><th>周三</th><th>周四</th><th>周五</th><th>周六</th><th>周日</th></tr><tr><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td></tr><tr><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td></tr><tr><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td></tr><tr><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td></tr><tr><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td></tr><tr><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td><td data-drop="copy"></td></tr></table></div></div></div>
CSS
.color1 {background-color: pink;}.color2 {background-color: greenyellow;}.color3 {background-color: burlywood;}.color4 {background-color: orangered;}.color5 {background-color: orange;}.color6 {background-color: purple;}.color7 {background-color: peru;}.container {display: flex;margin: 50px;}.left {background-color: rgba(223, 223, 216, 0.867);padding: 30px 5px;}.item {width: 60px;height: 40px;text-align: center;line-height: 40px;border: 1px solid #000;margin: 5px 0;}.right {margin-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgba(192, 192, 186, 0.867);}table {border: 1px solid black;}th {width: 60px;height: 40px;padding: 10px;margin: 2px;line-height: 40px;border-radius: 2px;}td {width: 60px;height: 40px;padding: 10px;margin: 2px;border-radius: 2px;background-color: #fff;}.drop-over {background-color: rgba(192, 192, 186, 0.867);}
JS
// 父级事件委托
const container = document.querySelector('.container')// // 开始拖拽(只触发一次)
// // e.target拖拽元素
// container.ondragstart = (e) => {
// console.log('start', e.target)
// }// // 拖拽到了哪个元素上(频繁触发-350ms)
// // e.target拖拽到了哪个元素之上
// container.ondragover = (e) => {
// // console.log('over', e.target)
// }// // 拖拽到了哪个元素上(拖拽到对应元素只触发一次)
// // e.target拖拽到了哪个元素之上
// container.ondragenter = (e) => {
// console.log('enter', e.target)
// }// // 松开鼠标时拖拽到哪个元素上
// // e.target拖拽到了哪个元素之上
// container.ondrop = (e) => {
// console.log('drop', e.target)
// }
// // 直接使用无法触发该事件 因为浏览器默认行为不支持拖拽到元素上
// // 因此要阻止默认行为
// container.ondragover = (e) => {
// e.preventDefault()
// }let source
// 功能实现
container.ondragstart = (e) => {// 设置拖拽时鼠标状态，取自定义属性e.dataTransfer.effectAllowed = e.target.dataset.effectsource = e.target
}container.ondragover = (e) => {e.preventDefault()
}function clearDropStyle() {document.querySelectorAll('.drop-over').forEach((node) => {node.classList.remove('drop-over')})
}// 之前的代码在实现的时候，只考虑了该元素拖拽到空白元素的场景
// 但是拖拽到同级元素，也要找到父元素进行替换，直到找到存在drop
function getDropNode(node) {while (node && !node.dataset?.drop) {node = node.parentNode}return node
}container.ondragenter = (e) => {// 清除之前的样式clearDropStyle()const dropNode = getDropNode(e.target)// 当目标元素的自定义属性drop等于目前拖动元素属性时，代表该节点接受拖拽if (dropNode && dropNode.dataset.drop === e.dataTransfer.effectAllowed) {// 当拖拽元素移入时，添加阴影dropNode.classList.add('drop-over')}
}container.ondrop = (e) => {clearDropStyle()const dropNode = getDropNode(e.target)if (dropNode && dropNode.dataset.drop === e.dataTransfer.effectAllowed) {if (dropNode.dataset.drop === 'copy') {dropNode.innerHTML = ''const cloned = source.cloneNode(true)// 复制过后的节点改为move属性cloned.dataset.effect = 'move'dropNode.appendChild(cloned)} else {// 拖回去删除该节点source.remove()}}
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