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1. 前戏
- 本地创建
ssm
数据库 - 创建student表
CREATE TABLE `student` (`id` int(11) NOT NULL,`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,`email` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
- 插入两条数据
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (1001, '曹操', '10010@qq.com', 20);
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES (1002, '刘备', '10086@qq.com', 28);
2. 搭建项目
- Maven搭建普通的Java项目
Mybatis // 根目录,工程名
|---src // 源代码
|---|---main // 主程序
|---|---|---java // 主程序的Java源码
|---|---|---resources // 主程序的配置文件
|---|---test // 测试程序
|---|---|---java // 测试程序的Java源码
|---|---|---resources // 测试程序的配置文件
|---pom.xml // maven工程的核心配置文件
- Maven搜索 MySQL和MyBatis坐标加入到pom.xml
<!-- MySQL驱动 -->
<dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Mybatis驱动 -->
<dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>
- 加入编译插件
<build><resources><resource><directory>src/main/java</directory><!--所在的目录--><includes><!--包括目录下的.properties,.xml 文件都会扫描到--><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>false</filtering></resource></resources>
</build>
- src/main/resources下创建连接数据库的配置文件config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration><!-- settings控制mybatis全局行为的 --><settings><!-- 设置Mybatis输出日志 --><setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" /></settings><!-- 环境配置:数据库的连接信息default: 表示默认使用某个数据库信息配置--><environments default="develop"><!-- environment: 一个数据库信息的配置id: 唯一值,表示环境的名称 --><environment id="develop"><!-- transactionManager: mybatis的事务类型type: JDBC(表示使用jdbc中的Connection对象的commit、rollback做事务处理) --><transactionManager type="JDBC"/><!-- dataSource: 表示数据源,连接数据库的type表示数据源的类型,POOLED表示使用连接池 --><dataSource type="POOLED"><!-- driver、user、password是固定的 --><!-- 数据库的驱动类名 --><property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/><!-- 连接数据库的url字符串 --><property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"/><!-- 访问数据库的用户名 --><property name="username" value="root"/><!-- 访问数据库的密码 --><property name="password" value="root"/></dataSource></environment><environment id="test"><transactionManager type="JDBC"/><dataSource type="POOLED"><property name="driver" value="${driver}"/><property name="url" value="${url}"/><property name="username" value="${username}"/><property name="password" value="${password}"/></dataSource></environment><environment id="online"><transactionManager type="JDBC"/><dataSource type="POOLED"><property name="driver" value="${driver}"/><property name="url" value="${url}"/><property name="username" value="${username}"/><property name="password" value="${password}"/></dataSource></environment></environments><!-- sql mapper(sql映射文件)的位置 --><mappers><!-- 一个mapper标签指定一个文件的位置从类路径开始的路径信息,就是编译后target/classes开始的操作类配置路径--><mapper resource="com/buddha/dao/StudentDao.xml"/></mappers></configuration>
3. 编写代码
- src/main/java下创建包com.buddha,并在包下创建两个目录domain和dao目录
- domain目录下创建Student类
package com.buddha.domain;public class Student {private Integer id;private String name;private String email;private Integer age;public Student() {}public Student(Integer id, String name, String email, Integer age) {this.id = id;this.name = name;this.email = email;this.age = age;}public Integer getId() {return id;}public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getEmail() {return email;}public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}public Integer getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(Integer age) {this.age = age;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Student{" +"id=" + id +", name='" + name + '\'' +", email='" + email + '\'' +", age=" + age +'}';}
}
- dao目录下创建StudentDao操作接口
package com.buddha.dao;import com.buddha.domain.Student;import java.util.List;// 接口操作Student表
public interface StudentDao {// 查询student表的所有数据public List<Student> selectStudent();
}
- dao目录下创建StudentDao.xml操作配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.buddha.dao.StudentDao"><!--select: 表示查询操作id: 执行sql语句的唯一标识,mybatis会使用这个id的值来找到要执行的sql语句,可以自定义,但是要求使用接口中的方法名称resultType: 表示结果类型,是sql语句执行后得到的ResultSet,遍历这个ResultSet得到的Java对象的类型。值写的是类型的全限定名称--><select id="selectStudent" resultType="com.buddha.domain.Student">select id,name,email,age from student order by id</select>
</mapper>
<!--sql映射文件,写sql语句的,mybatis会执行这些sql1. 指定约束文件<!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">mybatis-3-mapper.dtd是约束文件的名称,扩展名是dtd2. 约束文件作用:限制,检查在当前文件中出现的标签,属性必须符合mybatis的要求3. mapper 是当前文件的根标签,必须的。namespace 叫做命名空间,唯一值,可以是自定义的字符串。要求你使用dao接口的全限定名称4. 在当前文件中,可以使用特定的标签,表示数据库的特定操作<select>: 表示执行查询,放的是查询语句<update>: 表示执行更新,放的是更新语句<insert>: 表示执行插入,放的是插入语句<delete>: 表示执行删除,放的是删除语句
-->
4. 编写测试代码
- src/test/resources目录下添加配置文件config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration><!-- settings控制mybatis全局行为的 --><settings><!-- 设置Mybatis输出日志 --><setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" /></settings><!-- 环境配置:数据库的连接信息default: 表示默认使用某个数据库信息配置--><environments default="develop"><!-- environment: 一个数据库信息的配置id: 唯一值,表示环境的名称 --><environment id="develop"><!-- transactionManager: mybatis的事务类型type: JDBC(表示使用jdbc中的Connection对象的commit、rollback做事务处理) --><transactionManager type="JDBC"/><!-- dataSource: 表示数据源,连接数据库的type表示数据源的类型,POOLED表示使用连接池 --><dataSource type="POOLED"><!-- driver、user、password是固定的 --><!-- 数据库的驱动类名 --><property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/><!-- 连接数据库的url字符串 --><property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"/><!-- 访问数据库的用户名 --><property name="username" value="root"/><!-- 访问数据库的密码 --><property name="password" value="root"/></dataSource></environment><environment id="test"><transactionManager type="JDBC"/><dataSource type="POOLED"><property name="driver" value="${driver}"/><property name="url" value="${url}"/><property name="username" value="${username}"/><property name="password" value="${password}"/></dataSource></environment><environment id="online"><transactionManager type="JDBC"/><dataSource type="POOLED"><property name="driver" value="${driver}"/><property name="url" value="${url}"/><property name="username" value="${username}"/><property name="password" value="${password}"/></dataSource></environment></environments><!-- sql mapper(sql映射文件)的位置 --><mappers><!-- 一个mapper标签指定一个文件的位置从类路径开始的路径信息,就是编译后target/classes开始的操作类配置路径--><mapper resource="com/buddha/dao/StudentDao.xml"/></mappers></configuration>
- src/test/java下创建com.buddha,并创建测试类TestStudent类
package com.buddha;import com.buddha.domain.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;public class TestStudent {@Testpublic void testSelectStudent() throws IOException {// 访问mybatis读取student数据// 1. 定义mybatis主配置文件的名称,从类路径的根开始(target/classes)String config = "config.xml";// 2. 读取这个config表示的文件InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(config);// 3. 创建SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();// 4. 创建SqlSessionFactory对象SqlSessionFactory build = builder.build(is);// 5. [重要]从SqlSessionFactory中获取SqlSession对象SqlSession sqlSession = build.openSession();// 6. [重要]指定要执行的sql语句标识,sql映射文件中的命名空间 + "." + idString sqlId = "com.buddha.dao.StudentDao" + "." + "selectStudent";// 7. 通过sqlId找到sql语句,然后执行sql语句List<Student> studentList = sqlSession.selectList(sqlId);// 8. 输出结果// studentList.forEach(stu -> System.out.println(stu));for (Student stu : studentList) {System.out.println(stu);}// 9. 关闭SqlSession对象sqlSession.close();}
}
5. 增删改查
package com.buddha.dao;import com.buddha.domain.Student;import java.util.List;public interface StudentDao {// 查询public List<Student> selectStudent();// 插入public int insertStudent(Student student);// 更新public int updateStudent(Student student);// 删除public int deleteStudent(Student student);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.buddha.dao.StudentDao"><!-- 查询 --><select id="selectStudent" resultType="com.buddha.domain.Student">select id,name,email,age from student order by id</select><!-- 插入 --><insert id="insertStudent">INSERT INTO student VALUES (#{id},#{name},#{email},#{age})</insert><!-- 更新 --><update id="updateStudent">UPDATE student SET age = #{age} WHERE id = #{id}</update><delete id="deleteStudent">DELETE FROM student WHERE id = #{id}</delete>
</mapper>
package com.buddha;import com.buddha.domain.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;public class TestStudent {@Testpublic void testSelectStudent() throws IOException {// 访问mybatis读取student数据// 1. 定义mybatis主配置文件的名称,从类路径的根开始(target/classes)String config = "config.xml";// 2. 读取这个config表示的文件InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(config);// 3. 创建SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();// 4. 创建SqlSessionFactory对象SqlSessionFactory build = builder.build(is);// 5. [重要]从SqlSessionFactory中获取SqlSession对象SqlSession sqlSession = build.openSession();// 6. [重要]指定要执行的sql语句标识,sql映射文件中的命名空间 + "." + idString sqlId = "com.buddha.dao.StudentDao" + "." + "selectStudent";// 7. 通过sqlId找到sql语句,然后执行sql语句List<Student> studentList = sqlSession.selectList(sqlId);// 8. 输出结果// studentList.forEach(stu -> System.out.println(stu));for (Student stu : studentList) {System.out.println(stu);}// 9. 关闭SqlSession对象sqlSession.close();}@Testpublic void testInsertStudent() throws IOException {String config = "config.xml";InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(config);SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();SqlSessionFactory build = builder.build(is);SqlSession sqlSession = build.openSession();String sqlId = "com.buddha.dao.StudentDao" + "." + "insertStudent";Student stu = new Student(1005, "大乔", "10002@qq.com", 18);int i = sqlSession.insert(sqlId, stu);sqlSession.commit();System.out.println("插入数据影响行数:" + i);sqlSession.close();}@Testpublic void testUpdateStudent() throws IOException {String config = "config.xml";InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(config);SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();SqlSessionFactory build = builder.build(is);SqlSession sqlSession = build.openSession();String sqlId = "com.buddha.dao.StudentDao" + "." + "updateStudent";Student stu = new Student();stu.setId(1005);stu.setAge(25);int i = sqlSession.update(sqlId, stu);sqlSession.commit();System.out.println("更新数据影响行数:" + i);sqlSession.close();}@Testpublic void testDeleteStudent() throws IOException {String config = "config.xml";InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(config);SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();SqlSessionFactory build = builder.build(is);SqlSession sqlSession = build.openSession();String sqlId = "com.buddha.dao.StudentDao" + "." + "deleteStudent";Student stu = new Student();stu.setId(1005);int i = sqlSession.delete(sqlId, stu);sqlSession.commit();System.out.println("删除数据影响行数:" + i);sqlSession.close();}
}
6. 优化公共部分代码
package com.buddha.utils;import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;public class MyBatisUtils {private static SqlSessionFactory factory = null;static {String config = "config.xml";try {InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(config);factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {SqlSession sqlSession = null;if (factory != null) {sqlSession = factory.openSession();}return sqlSession;}
}
package com.buddha;import com.buddha.domain.Student;
import com.buddha.utils.MyBatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;public class TestStudent {@Testpublic void testSelectStudent() throws IOException {SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();String sqlId = "com.buddha.dao.StudentDao" + "." + "selectStudent";List<Student> studentList = sqlSession.selectList(sqlId);for (Student stu : studentList) {System.out.println(stu);}sqlSession.close();}
}
7. 动态代理机制
package com.buddha;import com.buddha.dao.StudentDao;
import com.buddha.domain.Student;
import com.buddha.utils.MyBatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;public class TestStudent {@Testpublic void testSelectStudent() throws IOException {/*** 使用MyBatis的动态代理机制,使用sqlSession.getMapper(dao接口)* getMapper能获取dao接口对于实现类对象*/SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();StudentDao dao = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentDao.class);// 调用dao的方法,执行数据库的操作List<Student> students = dao.selectStudent();for (Student student : students) {System.out.println(student);}sqlSession.close();}
}
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