PowerBASIC之系统菜单的自绘方法

一、前言：

当你在单击窗口标题栏图标或点击鼠标右键时，系统会弹出一个默认菜单，如果在我们自己的程序中需要统一界面风格，则需要对这个弹出菜单进行些美化处理。

先上效果图，下面再演示实现方法：

二、实现方法：

1、首先初始化这个菜单，修改背景及添加MFT_OWNERDRAW类型风格。

初始化步骤可以是在%WM_INITDIALOG或者%WM_INITMENU消息中完成，我这里选择是在%WM_INITMENU时，对系统菜单进行初始化工作。

GLOBAL oldID AS LONG
GLOBAL oldText AS RECT
GLOBAL oldRSelect AS RECT
GLOBAL oldLSelect AS RECT
GLOBAL oldIcon AS DWORD CASE %WM_INITMENULOCAL lpMenuInfo AS MENUINFO LOCAL mii AS MENUITEMINFOLOCAL hMenu AS DWORDhMenu = GetSystemMenu ( CB.HNDL, %FALSE ) '取得系统菜单句柄'设置默认背景色lpMenuInfo.cbSize = SIZEOF(MENUINFO)lpMenuInfo.fMask = %MIM_BACKGROUNDlpMenuInfo.hbrBack = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(46,46,46)) '背景色SetMenuInfo ( hMenu, lpMenuInfo )DrawMenuBar ( CB.HNDL )'设置菜单栏项目为自绘模式ZeroMemory BYVAL VARPTR(lpMenuInfo), SIZEOF(MENUINFO)    mii.cbSize = SIZEOF(mii)  mii.fMask = %MIIM_FTYPE OR %MIIM_BITMAP OR %MIIM_DATA   mii.fType = %MFT_OWNERDRAWmii.hbmpItem = %HBMMENU_CALLBACK FOR i = 0 TO GetMenuItemCount ( hMenu ) - 1 IF i=0 THENmii.dwItemData = LoadImage(%NULL, "icon\menu_restore_a.ico", %IMAGE_ICON, 16, 16, %LR_DEFAULTCOLOR OR %LR_CREATEDIBSECTION OR %LR_LOADFROMFILE )END IFIF i=3 THENmii.dwItemData = LoadImage(%NULL, "icon\menu_min_a.ico", %IMAGE_ICON, 16, 16, %LR_DEFAULTCOLOR OR %LR_CREATEDIBSECTION OR %LR_LOADFROMFILE )END IFIF i=4 THENmii.dwItemData = LoadImage(%NULL, "icon\menu_max_a.ico", %IMAGE_ICON, 16, 16, %LR_DEFAULTCOLOR OR %LR_CREATEDIBSECTION OR %LR_LOADFROMFILE )END IFIF i=6 THENmii.dwItemData = LoadImage(%NULL, "icon\menu_exit_a.ico", %IMAGE_ICON, 16, 16, %LR_DEFAULTCOLOR OR %LR_CREATEDIBSECTION OR %LR_LOADFROMFILE )END IF  SetMenuItemInfo ( hMenu, i, %true, mii )NEXT iDrawMenuBar ( CB.HNDL ) oldID = 0 oldIcon = 0ZeroMemory BYVAL VARPTR(oldText), SIZEOF(oldText)ZeroMemory BYVAL VARPTR(oldRSelect), SIZEOF(oldRSelect)ZeroMemory BYVAL VARPTR(oldLSelect), SIZEOF(oldLSelect)FUNCTION = %TRUEEXIT FUNCTION

2、初始化菜单项规格。在菜单收到MFT_OWNERDRAW标识通知后，便可以接收到 %WM_DRAWITEM 及 %WM_MEASUREITEM 消息，其中%WM_MEASUREITEM 消息下完成菜单项宽、高的定义。

CASE %WM_MEASUREITEMLOCAL pdis AS MEASUREITEMSTRUCT PTRpdis = CB.LPARAMIF @pdis.CtlType = %ODT_MENU THEN@pdis.itemWidth  = 161@pdis.itemHeight = 20END IFFUNCTION = %TRUEEXIT FUNCTION 

3、完成上述两个步骤后，我既可以开始在 %WM_DRAWITEM消息体下，去绘制自己设定的样式风格了（直接在HDC上绘制即可）。

CASE %WM_DRAWITEM LOCAL hvBrush AS DWORDLOCAL lpdis AS DRAWITEMSTRUCT PTRlpdis = CB.LPARAMIF @lpdis.CtlType = %ODT_MENU THENLOCAL hFont AS DWORDLOCAL ItemCount AS LONG  LOCAL MenuWidth AS LONGLOCAL MenuHigh AS LONG     LOCAL rcRight AS RECTLOCAL rcLeft AS RECTLOCAL rcRSelect AS RECTLOCAL rcLSelect AS RECT hMenu = @lpdis.hwndItemMenuWidth = @lpdis.rcItem.right-@lpdis.rcItem.leftMenuHigh = @lpdis.rcItem.bottom-@lpdis.rcItem.top  ItemCount = GetMenuItemCount ( hMenu )hFont = GetStockObject( %DEFAULT_GUI_FONT ) '菜单字体SelectObject ( @lpdis.hdc, hFont )SetBkMode @lpdis.hdc, %TRANSPARENT SetTextColor @lpdis.hdc, RGB(112,112,112) '-------------------------------'绘制左MenuBar'-------------------------------SetRect(rcLeft, 0, @lpdis.rcItem.top, 28, @lpdis.rcItem.bottom)hvBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(113,96,232))FillRect(@lpdis.hdc,rcLeft,hvBrush)DeleteObject hvBrushSELECT CASE @lpdis.itemIDCASE %SC_RESTOREDrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 2, @lpdis.itemData, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )CASE %SC_MINIMIZEDrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 62, @lpdis.itemData, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )CASE %SC_MAXIMIZEDrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 82, @lpdis.itemData, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )CASE %SC_CLOSEDrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 122, @lpdis.itemData, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )END SELECT   '-------------------------------'绘制右文本区'-------------------------------SetRect(rcRSelect, 30, @lpdis.rcItem.top, MenuWidth, @lpdis.rcItem.bottom)SetRect(rcRight, 32, @lpdis.rcItem.top, MenuWidth, @lpdis.rcItem.bottom)hvBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(46,46,46)) '背景色FillRect(@lpdis.hdc,rcRight,hvBrush)DeleteObject hvBrushGetMenuString( hMenu, @lpdis.itemID, czText, 256, %MF_BYCOMMAND )ReplaceHotkeys(VARPTR(czText),LEN(czText))DrawText(@lpdis.hdc, czText, -1, rcRight, %DT_SINGLELINE OR %DT_LEFT OR %DT_VCENTER )    '-------------------------------'绘制分割线'-------------------------------IF @lpdis.itemID = 0 THENhvBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(112,112,112))                    SetRect(rc,30,@lpdis.rcItem.top+10,@lpdis.rcItem.right,@lpdis.rcItem.top+11)FillRect(@lpdis.hdc,rc,hvBrush)DeleteObject hvBrushEND IF '-------------------------------'绘制选择菜单项时的鼠标移动效果'-------------------------------IF @lpdis.itemAction = %ODA_SELECT AND @lpdis.itemID > 0 THEN'--绘制左半部选项条--hvBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255,0,0))FillRect(@lpdis.hdc,rcRSelect,hvBrush)DeleteObject hvBrush'--绘制右半部选项条--hvBrush = CreateSolidBrush(BGR(220,240,120))FillRect(@lpdis.hdc,rcLeft,hvBrush)DeleteObject hvBrush'--绘制文本--SetTextColor @lpdis.hdc, RGB(255,255,255)GetMenuString( hMenu, @lpdis.itemID, czText, 256, %MF_BYCOMMAND )DrawText( @lpdis.hdc, czText, -1, rcRight, %DT_SINGLELINE OR %DT_LEFT OR %DT_VCENTER ) '--绘制选项条左部图标-- SELECT CASE @lpdis.itemIDCASE %SC_RESTOREDrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 2, @lpdis.itemData, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )CASE %SC_MINIMIZEDrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 62, @lpdis.itemData, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )CASE %SC_MAXIMIZEDrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 82, @lpdis.itemData, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )CASE %SC_CLOSEDrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 122, @lpdis.itemData, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )END SELECT '--恢复鼠标移动后，上一个选项的背景及文本--hvBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(46,46,46)) '背景色FillRect(@lpdis.hdc,oldRSelect,hvBrush)DeleteObject hvBrushhvBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(113,96,232)) 'FillRect(@lpdis.hdc,oldLSelect,hvBrush)DeleteObject hvBrush'--绘制文本--SetTextColor @lpdis.hdc, RGB(112,112,112)GetMenuString( hMenu, oldID, czText, 256, %MF_BYPOSITION )DrawText( @lpdis.hdc, czText, -1, oldText, %DT_SINGLELINE OR %DT_LEFT OR %DT_VCENTER )'--绘制选项条左部移动后上一个图标-- SELECT CASE oldIDCASE 0DrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 2, oldIcon, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )CASE 3DrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 62, oldIcon, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )CASE 4DrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 82, oldIcon, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )CASE 6DrawIconEx(@lpdis.hdc, 7, 122, oldIcon, 0, 0, 0, %NULL, %DI_NORMAL OR %DI_COMPAT )END SELECT  oldID = GetMenuItemPos(hMenu,@lpdis.itemID)oldIcon = @lpdis.itemData CopyRect(oldText,rcRight)CopyRect(oldRSelect,rcRSelect)CopyRect(oldLSelect,rcLeft)                   END IFDeleteObject hFont      END IF  FUNCTION = %TRUEEXIT FUNCTION

'-------------------------------
'取消快捷键定义字母下划线
'-------------------------------
SUB ReplaceHotkeys(BYVAL s AS BYTE PTR, BYVAL k AS LONG)DIM i AS INTEGERFOR i = 0 TO kIF @s[i] = 38 THEN@s[i] = 9END IFNEXT iEND SUB'-------------------------------
'根据ID返回序号
'-------------------------------
FUNCTION GetMenuItemPos(BYVAL hMenu AS DWORD, ItemID AS DWORD) AS LONGLOCAL i AS LONGLOCAL ItemCount AS LONGItemCount = GetMenuItemCount ( hMenu ) - 1FOR i=0 TO ItemCountIF GetMenuItemID(hMenu,i)=ItemID THENFUNCTION = iEXIT FUNCTIONEND IFNEXT i
END FUNCTION 

 三、自此一个具有个性化的标题菜单就绘制完成了。由于水平有限代码未必严谨，仅供大家交流学习。