http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-25835268-id-3055356.html--makefile

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http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-25835268-id-3055356.html

makefile系列写的很好

一下是一个稍微完整的Makefile文件，文件编译的工程一共有四个模块：array，foo，hello，Main；
头文件在inc中，源码和子Makefile在src目录中。

  #主Makefile
 
 #环境变量,目标路径,进入子目录make all clean,总的make all clean,打印完成信息
 
 .PHONY:all clean
 
 MAKE = make
 
 MAKEFLAG = -r
 
 RM = rm
 
 RMFLAG = -rf
 
 #ROOT是上一目录的绝对路径
 
 ROOT = $(realpath ..)
 
 DIR = $(ROOT)/code/foo/src $(ROOT)/code/hello/src $(ROOT)/code/array/src $(ROOT)/code/Main/src
 
 RMS = $(ROOT)/build/exes $(ROOT)/build/libs
 
 #1.生成的目标与依赖关系集合
 
 #循环 cd make clean
 
 all clean:
 
     @echo "Make $@ begin!"
 
     @set -e ;\
 
     for dir in $(DIR) ;\
 
     do \
 
         cd $$dir && $(MAKE) -r ROOT=$(ROOT) $@ ;\
 
     done
 
     @set -e ;\
 
     if [ "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" = "clean" ]; \
 
         then $(RM) $(RMFLAG) $(RMS); \
 
     fi
 
     @echo ""
 
     @echo "~) Completed"
 
     @echo ""
 
 #先必须执行完毕所有的子Makefile中的all clean规则,再执行总的all clean规则,这在26行
 
 #在这一点上无论是all clean都一样,故有一致性,可以写在一起

主Makefile

  #公有Makefile
 
 
 .PHONY:all clean
 
 
 CC = gcc
 RM = rm
 RMFLAG = -rf
 MKDIR = mkdir
 AR = ar
 ARFLAG = crs
 
 
 #3.路径
 #绝对路径
 DIR_EXE = $(ROOT)/build/exes
 DIR_LIBS = $(ROOT)/build/libs
 #相对路径
 DIR_DEPS = deps
 DIR_OBJS = objs
 DIRS = $(DIR_DEPS) $(DIR_EXE) $(DIR_LIBS) $(DIR_OBJS)
 
 
 #3**.RMS clean:exe .a .o .dep文件
 #每个子Makefile应该清理掉的战场: .o和.dep文件
 RMS = $(DIR_DEPS) $(DIR_OBJS)
 
 
 #2.目标
 #EXE =
 #LIBS =
 ifneq ("$(LIBS)","")
 LIBS := $(addprefix $(DIR_LIBS)/,$(LIBS))
 RMS += $(LIBS)
 endif
 ifneq ("$(EXE)","")
 EXE := $(addprefix $(DIR_EXE)/,$(EXE))
 RMS += $(EXE)
 endif
 
 
 #4.源
 SRCS = $(wildcard *.c)
 OBJS = $(SRCS:.c=.o)
 OBJS := $(addprefix $(DIR_OBJS)/,$(OBJS))
 #依赖关系文件加上路径
 DEPS = $(SRCS:.c=.dep)
 DEPS := $(addprefix $(DIR_DEPS)/,$(DEPS))
 
 
 #6.LINK_LIBS与INCLUDE_DIRS
 #-I *.h在生成.o文件的方法里和依赖关系里面都用到了,一共两处,INCLUDE_DIRS变量在子Makefile中指定
 #-l *.a $(LINK_LIBS)与$(DEP_LIBS)
 #做出一个libX%的筛选器,找出$(DIR_LIBS)/里面的所有库文件
 ifneq ("$(LINK_LIBS)","")
 LINK_LIBS := $(strip $(LINK_LIBS))
 LINK_LIBS := $(addprefix -l,$(LINK_LIBS))
 LIB_ALL := $(notdir $(wildcard $(DIR_LIBS)/*))
 LIB_FILTERED := $(addsuffix %, $(addprefix lib,$(LINK_LIBS)))
 $(eval DEP_LIBS=$(filter $(LIB_FILTERED),$(LIB_ALL)))
 DEP_LIBS := $(addprefix $(DIR_LIBS)/,$(DEP_LIBS))
 endif
 ifneq ("$(INCLUDE_DIRS)","")
 INCLUDE_DIRS := $(strip $(INCLUDE_DIRS))
 INCLUDE_DIRS := $(addprefix -I,$(INCLUDE_DIRS))
 endif
 
 
 #5.DEP_DIR_EXE
 #目录不存在则新建目录
 #使用ifeq [ "$(DEP_DIR_EXE)","" ],ifeq [ "$(DEP_DIR_EXE" = "" ]是不行的,每次运行Makefile $(DEP_DIR_EXE)都是空,变量是空与文件夹不存在是两回事
 ifeq ("$(wildcard $(DIR_EXE))","")
 DEP_DIR_EXE := $(DIR_EXE)
 endif
 ifeq ("$(wildcard $(DIR_OBJS))","")
 DEP_DIR_OBJS := $(DIR_OBJS)
 endif
 ifeq ("$(wildcard $(DIR_LIBS))","")
 DEP_DIR_LIBS := $(DIR_LIBS)
 endif
 ifeq ("$(wildcard $(DIR_DEPS))","")
 DEP_DIR_DEPS := $(DIR_DEPS)
 endif
 
 
 #1.生成关系目标依赖
 #include与mkdir
 #all与DEP_LIBS
 all:$(EXE) $(LIBS)
 ifneq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),clean)
 include $(DEPS)
 endif
 $(DIRS):
 $(MKDIR) $@
 $(EXE):$(DEP_DIR_EXE) $(OBJS) $(DEP_LIBS)
 $(CC) -L $(DIR_LIBS) -o $@ $(filter %.o,$^) $(LINK_LIBS)
 $(DIR_OBJS)/%.o:$(DEP_DIR_OBJS) %.c
 $(CC) $(INCLUDE_DIRS) -o $@ -c $(filter %.c,$^)
 $(LIBS):$(DEP_DIR_LIBS) $(OBJS)
 $(AR) $(ARFLAG) $@ $(filter %.o,$^)
 
 
 #7.dep依赖关系规则,以便include生成,dep文件
 $(DIR_DEPS)/%.dep:$(DEP_DIR_DEPS) %.c
 @echo "Creating $@ ..."
 @set -e ; \
 $(RM) $(RMFLAG) $@.tmp ; \
 $(CC) $(INCLUDE_DIRS) -E -MM $(filter %.c,$^) > $@.tmp ; \
 sed 's,\(.*\)\.o[ :]*,objs/\1.o $@: ,g' < $@.tmp > $@ ; \
 $(RM) $(RMFLAG) $@.tmp
 
 
 #8.clean
 clean:
 $(RM) $(RMFLAG) $(RMS)
 

公有Makefile

  #子Makefile模板
 
 #子目标 .h 库 包含公有Makefile
 
 EXE = 
 
 LIBS = libarray.a
 
 INCLUDE_DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/array/inc
 
 LINK_LIBS =
 
 include $(ROOT)/build/MakefileRule

子Makefilearray模块

  #子Makefile模板
 
 #子目标 .h 库 包含公有Makefile
 
 EXE =
 
 LIBS = libfoo.a
 
 INCLUDE_DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/foo/inc
 
 LINK_LIBS =
 
 include $(ROOT)/build/MakefileRule

子Makefilefoo模块

  #子Makefile模板
 
 #子目标 .h 库 包含公有Makefile
 
 #ROOT = /home/qq/learning/MakefileModel/
 
 EXE =
 
 LIBS = libhello.a
 
 INCLUDE_DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/hello/inc
 
 LINK_LIBS =
 
 include $(ROOT)/build/MakefileRule

子Makefilehello模块

  #子Makefile模板
 
 #子目标 .h 库 包含公有Makefile
 
 EXE = complicated
 
 LIBS = 
 
 INCLUDE_DIRS = $(ROOT)/code/array/inc $(ROOT)/code/foo/inc $(ROOT)/code/hello/inc
 
 LINK_LIBS = array foo hello
 
 include $(ROOT)/build/MakefileRule