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今天所介绍的主题是关于动画的,在之前的博客中也有用到动画的地方,今天就好好的总结一下iOS开发中常用的动画。说道动画其中有一个是仿射变换的概念,至于怎么仿射的怎么变换的,原理如何等在本篇博客中不做赘述。今天要分享的是如和用动画做出我们要做的效果。今天主要用到的动画类是CALayer下的CATransition至于各种动画类中如何继承的在这也不做赘述,网上的资料是一抓一大把。好废话少说切入今天的正题。
一.封装动画方法
1.用CATransition实现动画的封装方法如下,每句代码是何意思,请看注释之。
#pragma CATransition动画实现
- (void) transitionWithType:(NSString *) type WithSubtype:(NSString *) subtype ForView : (UIView *) view
{//创建CATransition对象CATransition *animation = [CATransition animation];//设置运动时间animation.duration = DURATION;//设置运动typeanimation.type = type;if (subtype != nil) {//设置子类animation.subtype = subtype;}//设置运动速度animation.timingFunction = UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseInOut;[view.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"animation"];
}
代码说明:
CATransition常用的属性如下:
duration:设置动画时间
type:稍后下面会详细的介绍运动类型
subtype:和type匹配使用,指定运动的方向,下面也会详细介绍
timingFunction :动画的运动轨迹,用于变化起点和终点之间的插值计算,形象点说它决定了动画运行的节奏,比如是
均匀变化(相同时间变化量相同)还是先快后慢,先慢后快还是先慢再快再慢.
* 动画的开始与结束的快慢,有五个预置分别为(下同):
* kCAMediaTimingFunctionLinear 线性,即匀速
* kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn 先慢后快
* kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseOut 先快后慢
* kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut 先慢后快再慢
* kCAMediaTimingFunctionDefault 实际效果是动画中间比较快.
2.用UIView的block回调实现动画的代码封装
#pragma UIView实现动画
- (void) animationWithView : (UIView *)view WithAnimationTransition : (UIViewAnimationTransition) transition
{[UIView animateWithDuration:DURATION animations:^{[UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut];[UIView setAnimationTransition:transition forView:view cache:YES];}];
}
3.改变View的背景图,便于切换时观察
1 #pragma 给View添加背景图 2 -(void)addBgImageWithImageName:(NSString *) imageName 3 { 4 self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithPatternImage:[UIImage imageNamed:imageName]]; 5 }
二.调用上面的方法实现我们想要的动画
1.我们在View上添加多个Button,给不同的Button设置不同的Tag值,然后再ViewController中绑定同一个方法,点击不同的button实现不同的页面切换效果。storyBoard上的控件效果如下图所示:
2.下面我们就开始编写点击button要回调的方法
(1).定义枚举来标示按钮所对应的动画类型,代码如下:
typedef enum : NSUInteger {Fade = 1, //淡入淡出Push, //推挤Reveal, //揭开MoveIn, //覆盖Cube, //立方体SuckEffect, //吮吸OglFlip, //翻转RippleEffect, //波纹PageCurl, //翻页PageUnCurl, //反翻页CameraIrisHollowOpen, //开镜头CameraIrisHollowClose, //关镜头CurlDown, //下翻页CurlUp, //上翻页FlipFromLeft, //左翻转FlipFromRight, //右翻转} AnimationType;
(2),获取Button的Tag值:
1 UIButton *button = sender; 2 AnimationType animationType = button.tag;
(3).每次点击button都改变subtype的值,包括上,左,下,右
NSString *subtypeString;switch (_subtype) {case 0:subtypeString = kCATransitionFromLeft;break;case 1:subtypeString = kCATransitionFromBottom;break;case 2:subtypeString = kCATransitionFromRight;break;case 3:subtypeString = kCATransitionFromTop;break;default:break;}_subtype += 1;if (_subtype > 3) {_subtype = 0;}
(4),通过switch结合上边的枚举来判断是那个按钮点击的
1 switch (animationType) 2 { 3 //各种Case,此处代码下面会给出 4 }
3.调用我们封装的运动方法,来实现动画效果
(1),淡化效果
1 case Fade: 2 [self transitionWithType:kCATransitionFade WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view]; 3 break; 4
(2).Push效果
1 case Push: 2 [self transitionWithType:kCATransitionPush WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view]; 3 break; 4
效果如下:
(3).揭开效果:
1 case Reveal: 2 [self transitionWithType:kCATransitionReveal WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view]; 3 break;
效果图如下:
(4).覆盖效果
1 case MoveIn: 2 [self transitionWithType:kCATransitionMoveIn WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view]; 3 break; 4
效果图如下:
(5).立方体效果
1 case Cube: 2 [self transitionWithType:@"cube" WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view]; 3 break;
效果如下:
(6).吮吸效果
1 case SuckEffect: 2 [self transitionWithType:@"suckEffect" WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view]; 3 break;
效果如下:
(7).翻转效果
1 case OglFlip: 2 [self transitionWithType:@"oglFlip" WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view]; 3 break;
图如下:
8.波纹效果
1 case RippleEffect: 2 [self transitionWithType:@"rippleEffect" WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view]; 3 break;
(9).翻页和反翻页效果
1 case PageCurl: 2 [self transitionWithType:@"pageCurl" WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view]; 3 break; 4 5 case PageUnCurl: 6 [self transitionWithType:@"pageUnCurl" WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view]; 7 break;
(10).相机打开效果
case CameraIrisHollowOpen:[self transitionWithType:@"cameraIrisHollowOpen" WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view];break;case CameraIrisHollowClose:[self transitionWithType:@"cameraIrisHollowClose" WithSubtype:subtypeString ForView:self.view];break;
(11),调用上面封装的第二个动画方法
case CurlDown:[self animationWithView:self.view WithAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlDown];break;case CurlUp:[self animationWithView:self.view WithAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlUp];break;case FlipFromLeft:[self animationWithView:self.view WithAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromLeft];break;case FlipFromRight:[self animationWithView:self.view WithAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromRight];break;
我把上面的Demo的源码放在GitHub上,其地址为:https://github.com/lizelu/CATransitionDemo.git
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