Jenkins高级篇之Pipeline实践篇-6-Selenium和Jenkins持续集成-pipeline参数化构建selenium自动化测试

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这篇来思考下如何写一个方法，可以修改config.properties文件里面的属性。加入这个方法可以根据key修改value，那么我们就可以通过jenkins上变量，让用户输入，来修改config.properties文件里面的值。例如测试服务器地址和浏览器类型的名称。如果用户在Jenkins界面填写浏览器是chrome，那么我们就修改config.properties里面的browser=chrome，如果用户填写的是firefox，那么我们就在启动selenium测试之前去修改browser=firefox。这样，灵活的控制参数，就达到了我们第一个需求。

1.根据Java的方法

我们知道grooy是可以无缝执行java代码，我也写了一个java的代码，放在pipleline/selenium.groovy文件里，结果我在测试的时候，报了一个错误，这个需要jenkins管理员去approve这个脚本的执行，但是我的jenkins环境上没有这个approve的相关的script，很神奇。

import hudson.model.*;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;def setKeyValue(key, value, file_path) {Properties prop = new Properties()try {prop.load(new FileInputStream(file_path))}catch (FileNotFoundException e){e.printStackTrace()}catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace()}// write into file try {prop.setProperty(key, value)FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file_path)prop.store(fos, null)fos.close()}catch (FileNotFoundException e){e.printStackTrace()}catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace()}
}return this;

结果测试下，报了一个沙箱错误:

ERROR: Error met:org.jenkinsci.plugins.scriptsecurity.sandbox.RejectedAccessException: Scripts not permitted to use new java.util.Properties

其实，这个类似错误，我在工作中也遇到过，一般来说管理员去点击批准这个脚本执行就可以。我的环境，在升级一个script security相关的插件之后，连脚本批准入口都不显示了，很神奇。只好换一种思路去写代码了。

2.Pipeline自带的readFile和writeFile

我的思路是这样的，先通过readFile方法获取到原来文件的内容，返回是一个字符串对象。然后根据换行符把字符串对象给切片，拿到一个list对象，遍历这个list，用if判断，根据Key找到这行，然后改写这行。由于这我们只是在内存改写，所以需要提前定义一个list对象来把改写和没有改写的都给add到新list，然后定义一个空字符串，遍历新list，每次拼接一个list元素都加上换行符。这样得到字符串就是一个完整内容，然后把这个内容利用writeFile方法写回到原来的config文件。

具体代码是这样的。

selenium_jenkins.groovy文件

import hudson.model.*;pipeline{agent anyparameters {string(name: 'BROWSER_TYPE', defaultValue: 'chrome', description: 'Type a browser type, should be chrome/firefox')string(name: 'TEST_SERVER_URL', defaultValue: '', description: 'Type the test server url')string(name: 'NODE', defaultValue: 'win-anthony-demo', description: 'Please choose a windows node to execute this job.')}stages{stage("Initialization"){steps{script{browser = BROWSER_TYPE?.trim()test_url = TEST_SERVER_URL?.trim()win_node = NODE?.trim()}}}stage("Git Checkout"){steps{script{node(win_node) {checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: '*/master']],userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: '6f4fa66c-eb02-46dc-a4b3-3a232be5ef6e', url: 'https://github.com/QAAutomationLearn/JavaAutomationFramework.git']]])}}}}stage("Set key value"){steps{script{node(win_node){selenium_test = load env.WORKSPACE + "\\pipeline\\selenium.groovy"config_file = env.WORKSPACE + "\\Configs\\config.properties"try{selenium_test.setKeyValue2("browser", "abc123", config_file)file_content = readFile config_fileprintln file_content}catch (Exception e) {error("Error met:" + e)}}}}}stage("Run Selenium Test"){steps{script{node(win_node){println "Here will start to run selenium test."}}}}}}

selenium.groovy文件

import hudson.model.*;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;def setKeyValue(key, value, file_path) {Properties prop = new Properties()try {prop.load(new FileInputStream(file_path))}catch (FileNotFoundException e){e.printStackTrace()}catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace()}// write into file try {prop.setProperty(key, value)FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file_path)prop.store(fos, null)fos.close()}catch (FileNotFoundException e){e.printStackTrace()}catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace()}
}def setKeyValue2(key, value, file_path) {// read file, get string objectfile_content_old = readFile file_pathprintln file_content_old//遍历每一行，判断，然后替换字符串lines = file_content_old.tokenize("\n")new_lines = []lines.each { line ->if(line.trim().startsWith(key)) {line = key + "=" + valuenew_lines.add(line)}else {new_lines.add(line)}}// write into filefile_content_new = ""new_lines.each{line ->file_content_new += line + "\n"}writeFile file: file_path, text: file_content_new, encoding: "UTF-8"
}
return this;

这里看第二个方法是我的思路，虽然比较啰嗦，但是实现了这个修改文件的需求。

测试结果看看是否把browser = chrome 改成browser = abc123

[Pipeline] readFile
[Pipeline] echo
baseURL=http://demo.guru99.com/v4/index.php
# https://www.utest.com  backup website
userName=mngr169501
password=sYhYtUd# browser driver path
firefoxpath=./Drivers\\geckodriver.exe
chromepath=./Drivers\\chromedriver.exe# browser instance
# the browser vlaue will only be firefox or chrome here
browser=chrome[Pipeline] writeFile
[Pipeline] readFile
[Pipeline] echo
baseURL=http://demo.guru99.com/v4/index.php
# https://www.utest.com  backup website
userName=mngr169501
password=sYhYtUd# browser driver path
firefoxpath=./Drivers\\geckodriver.exe
chromepath=./Drivers\\chromedriver.exe# browser instance
# the browser vlaue will only be firefox or chrome here
browser=abc123[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // node

你如果对日志不放心，你可以去你拉取之后代码路径去看看是否修改了，修改的对不对。

接下来，我把github里面config.properties 中browser的值改成firefox，然后我通过pipeline代码去改成chrome，来跑一个集成测试，看看行不行，测试环境URL就无法改，这个没有第二套同样产品的地址，这个就留个你们自己项目上的测试环境和生产环境，自己试一下。

提交之后，两个文件代码如下

import hudson.model.*;pipeline{agent anyparameters {string(name: 'BROWSER_TYPE', defaultValue: 'chrome', description: 'Type a browser type, should be chrome/firefox')string(name: 'TEST_SERVER_URL', defaultValue: '', description: 'Type the test server url')string(name: 'NODE', defaultValue: 'win-anthony-demo', description: 'Please choose a windows node to execute this job.')}stages{stage("Initialization"){steps{script{browser_type = BROWSER_TYPE?.trim()test_url = TEST_SERVER_URL?.trim()win_node = NODE?.trim()}}}stage("Git Checkout"){steps{script{node(win_node) {checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: '*/master']],userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: '6f4fa66c-eb02-46dc-a4b3-3a232be5ef6e', url: 'https://github.com/QAAutomationLearn/JavaAutomationFramework.git']]])}}}}stage("Set key value"){steps{script{node(win_node){selenium_test = load env.WORKSPACE + "\\pipeline\\selenium.groovy"config_file = env.WORKSPACE + "\\Configs\\config.properties"try{selenium_test.setKeyValue2("browser", browser_type, config_file)//test_url 你自己替代file_content = readFile config_fileprintln file_content}catch (Exception e) {error("Error met:" + e)}}}}}stage("Run Selenium Test"){steps{script{node(win_node){run_bat = env.WORKSPACE + "\\run.bat"bat (run_bat)}}}}}}

import hudson.model.*;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;def setKeyValue(key, value, file_path) {// read file, get string objectfile_content_old = readFile file_pathprintln file_content_old//遍历每一行，判断，然后替换字符串lines = file_content_old.tokenize("\n")new_lines = []lines.each { line ->if(line.trim().startsWith(key)) {line = key + "=" + valuenew_lines.add(line)}else {new_lines.add(line)}}// write into filefile_content_new = ""new_lines.each{line ->file_content_new += line + "\n"}writeFile file: file_path, text: file_content_new, encoding: "UTF-8"
}
return this;

测试结果：

http://65.49.216.200:8080/job/selenium-pipeline-demo/23/console

主要日志如下：

[Pipeline] node
Running on win-anthony-demo in C:\JenkinsNode\workspace\selenium-pipeline-demo
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] load
[Pipeline] { (C:\JenkinsNode\workspace\selenium-pipeline-demo\pipeline\selenium.groovy)
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // load
[Pipeline] readFile
[Pipeline] echo
baseURL=http://demo.guru99.com/v4/index.php
# https://www.utest.com  backup website
userName=mngr169501
password=sYhYtUd# browser driver path
firefoxpath=./Drivers\\geckodriver.exe
chromepath=./Drivers\\chromedriver.exe# browser instance
# the browser vlaue will only be firefox or chrome here
browser=chrome[Pipeline] writeFile
[Pipeline] readFile
[Pipeline] echo
baseURL=http://demo.guru99.com/v4/index.php
# https://www.utest.com  backup website
userName=mngr169501
password=sYhYtUd# browser driver path
firefoxpath=./Drivers\\geckodriver.exe
chromepath=./Drivers\\chromedriver.exe# browser instance
# the browser vlaue will only be firefox or chrome here
browser=chrome[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // node
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // script
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // stage
[Pipeline] stage
[Pipeline] { (Run Selenium Test)
[Pipeline] script
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] node
Running on win-anthony-demo in C:\JenkinsNode\workspace\selenium-pipeline-demo
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] bat
[selenium-pipeline-demo] Running batch script
C:\JenkinsNode\workspace\selenium-pipeline-demo>C:\JenkinsNode\workspace\selenium-pipeline-demo\run.batC:\JenkinsNode\workspace\selenium-pipeline-demo>cd C:\Users\Anthont\git\AnthonyWebAutoDemo C:\Users\Anthont\git\AnthonyWebAutoDemo>mvn clean install 
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for AnthonyAutoV10:AnthonyAutoV10:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin is missing. @ line 19, column 15
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects.
[WARNING] 
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------< AnthonyAutoV10:AnthonyAutoV10 >--------------------
[INFO] Building AnthonyAutoV10 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[WARNING] The POM for com.beust:jcommander:jar:1.66 is missing, no dependency information available
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ AnthonyAutoV10 ---
[INFO] Deleting C:\Users\Anthont\git\AnthonyWebAutoDemo\target
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ AnthonyAutoV10 ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\Anthont\git\AnthonyWebAutoDemo\src\main\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ AnthonyAutoV10 ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ AnthonyAutoV10 ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\Anthont\git\AnthonyWebAutoDemo\src\test\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ AnthonyAutoV10 ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 11 source files to C:\Users\Anthont\git\AnthonyWebAutoDemo\target\test-classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.18.1:test (default-test) @ AnthonyAutoV10 ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: C:\Users\Anthont\git\AnthonyWebAutoDemo\target\surefire-reports-------------------------------------------------------T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running TestSuite
Starting ChromeDriver 2.40.565498 (ea082db3280dd6843ebfb08a625e3eb905c4f5ab) on port 1780
Only local connections are allowed.
Dec 23, 2018 9:52:43 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession
INFO: Detected dialect: OSSINFO [main] (TC_NewCustomer_004.java:22)- Login is completedINFO [main] (TC_NewCustomer_004.java:28)- Proving customer details.............INFO [main] (TC_NewCustomer_004.java:46)- Validating adding new customer..............
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 166.426 sec - in TestSuiteResults :Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ AnthonyAutoV10 ---
[WARNING] JAR will be empty - no content was marked for inclusion!
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Users\Anthont\git\AnthonyWebAutoDemo\target\AnthonyAutoV10-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.4:install (default-install) @ AnthonyAutoV10 ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Users\Anthont\git\AnthonyWebAutoDemo\target\AnthonyAutoV10-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar to C:\Users\Anthont\.m2\repository\AnthonyAutoV10\AnthonyAutoV10\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\AnthonyAutoV10-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Users\Anthont\git\AnthonyWebAutoDemo\pom.xml to C:\Users\Anthont\.m2\repository\AnthonyAutoV10\AnthonyAutoV10\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\AnthonyAutoV10-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  03:05 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2018-12-23T21:55:24+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // node
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // script
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // stage
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // withEnv
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // node
[Pipeline] End of Pipeline
Finished: SUCCESS

这里灵活的参数，我们实现了需求。