本文主要是介绍[置顶] Android网络通信Volley框架源码浅析(三),希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
[置顶] Android网络通信Volley框架源码浅析(三)
尊重原创 http://write.blog.csdn.net/postedit/26002961
通过前面浅析(一)和浅析(二)的分析,相信大家对于Volley有了初步的认识,但是如果想更深入的理解,还需要靠大家多多看源码。
这篇文章中我们主要来研究一下使用Volley框架请求大量图片的原理,在Android的应用中,通过http请求获取的数据主要有三类:
1、json
2、xml
3、Image
其中json和xml的获取其实原理很简单,使用Volley获取感觉有点大财小用了,了解Volley获取图片的原理才是比较有意义的,因为里面涉及到很多知识点,比如获取大量图片如何防止OOM。
那么我们就开始研究源码吧。
(1) ImageLoader.java
通过它的名字我们就知道是用来加载Image的工具类
- /**
- 通过调用ImageLoader的get方法就可以获取到图片,然后通过一个Listener回调,将图片设置到ImgeView中(这个方法务必在主线程中调用)
- */
- public class ImageLoader {
- /** 前面已经接触过,请求队列(其实不是真实的队列,里面包含了本地队列和网络队列) */
- private final RequestQueue mRequestQueue;
- /** 图片缓冲,这个缓存不是前面提到的磁盘缓存,这个是内存缓存,我们可以通过LruCache实现这个接口 */
- private final ImageCache mCache;
- /**
- * 用于存放具有相同cacheKey的请求
- */
- private final HashMap<String, BatchedImageRequest> mInFlightRequests =
- new HashMap<String, BatchedImageRequest>();
- /** 用于存放具有相同Key,并且返回了数据的请求*/
- private final HashMap<String, BatchedImageRequest> mBatchedResponses =
- new HashMap<String, BatchedImageRequest>();
- /** Handler to the main thread. */
- private final Handler mHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
- /** Runnable for in-flight response delivery. */
- private Runnable mRunnable;
- /**
- * Simple cache adapter interface. If provided to the ImageLoader, it
- * will be used as an L1 cache before dispatch to Volley. Implementations
- * must not block. Implementation with an LruCache is recommended.
- */
- public interface ImageCache {
- public Bitmap getBitmap(String url);
- public void putBitmap(String url, Bitmap bitmap);
- }
- /**
- * 构造函数需要传入一个RequestQueue对象和一个内存缓存对象
- * @param queue The RequestQueue to use for making image requests.
- * @param imageCache The cache to use as an L1 cache.
- */
- public ImageLoader(RequestQueue queue, ImageCache imageCache) {
- mRequestQueue = queue;
- mCache = imageCache;
- }
- /**
- * 用于图片获取成功或者失败的回调
- * @param imageView 需要设置图片的ImageView.
- * @param defaultImageResId 默认显示图片.
- * @param errorImageResId 出错时显示的图片.
- */
- public static ImageListener getImageListener(final ImageView view,
- final int defaultImageResId, final int errorImageResId) {
- return new ImageListener() {
- @Override
- public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
- //出错并且设置了出错图片,那么显示出错图片
- if (errorImageResId != 0) {
- view.setImageResource(errorImageResId);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public void onResponse(ImageContainer response, boolean isImmediate) {
- if (response.getBitmap() != null) {
- //成功获取到了数据,则显示
- view.setImageBitmap(response.getBitmap());
- } else if (defaultImageResId != 0) {
- //数据为空,那么显示默认图片
- view.setImageResource(defaultImageResId);
- }
- }
- };
- }
- /**
- * 判断图片是否已经缓存,不同尺寸的图片的cacheKey是不一样的
- * @param requestUrl 图片的url
- * @param maxWidth 请求图片的宽度.
- * @param maxHeight 请求图片的高度.
- * @return 返回true则缓存.
- */
- public boolean isCached(String requestUrl, int maxWidth, int maxHeight) {
- throwIfNotOnMainThread();
- String cacheKey = getCacheKey(requestUrl, maxWidth, maxHeight);
- return mCache.getBitmap(cacheKey) != null;
- }
- /**
- * 这个方法时个核心方法,我们主要通过它来获取图片
- *
- * @param requestUrl The URL of the image to be loaded.
- * @param defaultImage Optional default image to return until the actual image is loaded.
- */
- public ImageContainer get(String requestUrl, final ImageListener listener) {
- return get(requestUrl, listener, 0, 0);
- }
- /**
- * 这个方法比上面方法多了两个参数,如果传入则图片大小会做相应处理,如果不传默认为0,图片大小不做处理
- * @param requestUrl The url of the remote image
- * @param imageListener The listener to call when the remote image is loaded
- * @param maxWidth The maximum width of the returned image.
- * @param maxHeight The maximum height of the returned image.
- * @return A container object that contains all of the properties of the request, as well as
- * the currently available image (default if remote is not loaded).
- */
- public ImageContainer get(String requestUrl, ImageListener imageListener,
- int maxWidth, int maxHeight) {
- // only fulfill requests that were initiated from the main thread.
- throwIfNotOnMainThread();
- //获取key,其实就是url,width,height按照某种格式拼接
- final String cacheKey = getCacheKey(requestUrl, maxWidth, maxHeight);
- // 首先从缓存里面取图片
- Bitmap cachedBitmap = mCache.getBitmap(cacheKey);
- if (cachedBitmap != null) {
- // 如果缓存命中,则直接放回
- ImageContainer container = new ImageContainer(cachedBitmap, requestUrl, null, null);
- imageListener.onResponse(container, true);
- return container;
- }
- // 没有命中,则创建一个ImageContainer,注意此时图片数据传入的null,
- ImageContainer imageContainer =
- new ImageContainer(null, requestUrl, cacheKey, imageListener);
- // 这就是为什么在onResponse中我们需要判断图片数据是否为空,此时就是为空的
- imageListener.onResponse(imageContainer, true);
- // 判断同一个key的请求是否已经存在
- BatchedImageRequest request = mInFlightRequests.get(cacheKey);
- if (request != null) {
- // 如果存在,则直接加入request中,没有必要对一个key发送多个请求
- request.addContainer(imageContainer);
- return imageContainer;
- }
- // 发送一个请求,并加入RequestQueue
- Request<?> newRequest =
- new ImageRequest(requestUrl, new Listener<Bitmap>() {
- @Override
- public void onResponse(Bitmap response) {
- //成功获取到图片
- onGetImageSuccess(cacheKey, response);
- }
- }, maxWidth, maxHeight,
- Config.RGB_565, new ErrorListener() {
- @Override
- public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
- onGetImageError(cacheKey, error);
- }
- });
- mRequestQueue.add(newRequest);
- VolleyLog.e("-------------->"+newRequest.getSequence());
- //加入到HashMap中,表明这个key已经存在一个请求
- mInFlightRequests.put(cacheKey,
- new BatchedImageRequest(newRequest, imageContainer));
- return imageContainer;
- }
- /**
- * Handler for when an image was successfully loaded.
- * @param cacheKey The cache key that is associated with the image request.
- * @param response The bitmap that was returned from the network.
- */
- private void onGetImageSuccess(String cacheKey, Bitmap response) {
- // 获取图片成功,放入缓存
- mCache.putBitmap(cacheKey, response);
- // 将cacheKey对应的请求从mInFlightRequests中移除
- BatchedImageRequest request = mInFlightRequests.remove(cacheKey);
- if (request != null) {
- // Update the response bitmap.
- request.mResponseBitmap = response;
- // Send the batched response
- batchResponse(cacheKey, request);
- }
- }
- /**
- * Handler for when an image failed to load.
- * @param cacheKey The cache key that is associated with the image request.
- */
- private void onGetImageError(String cacheKey, VolleyError error) {
- // Notify the requesters that something failed via a null result.
- // Remove this request from the list of in-flight requests.
- BatchedImageRequest request = mInFlightRequests.remove(cacheKey);
- if (request != null) {
- // Set the error for this request
- request.setError(error);
- // Send the batched response
- batchResponse(cacheKey, request);
- }
- }
- /**
- * Container object for all of the data surrounding an image request.
- */
- public class ImageContainer {
- /**
- * 保存从网络获取的图片
- */
- private Bitmap mBitmap;
- private final ImageListener mListener;
- /** The cache key that was associated with the request */
- private final String mCacheKey;
- /** The request URL that was specified */
- private final String mRequestUrl;
- /**
- * Constructs a BitmapContainer object.
- * @param bitmap The final bitmap (if it exists).
- * @param requestUrl The requested URL for this container.
- * @param cacheKey The cache key that identifies the requested URL for this container.
- */
- public ImageContainer(Bitmap bitmap, String requestUrl,
- String cacheKey, ImageListener listener) {
- mBitmap = bitmap;
- mRequestUrl = requestUrl;
- mCacheKey = cacheKey;
- mListener = listener;
- }
- /**
- * 取消一个图片请求
- */
- public void cancelRequest() {
- if (mListener == null) {
- return;
- }
- //判断此key对应的请求有没有
- BatchedImageRequest request = mInFlightRequests.get(mCacheKey);
- if (request != null) {
- /**如果存在,request中mContainers中的这个Container,如果mContainers的size为0,那么
- removeContainerAndCancelIfNecessary返回true
- */
- boolean canceled = request.removeContainerAndCancelIfNecessary(this);
- if (canceled) {
- //如果返回true,那么说明没有任何一个ImageView对这个请求感兴趣,需要移除它
- mInFlightRequests.remove(mCacheKey);
- }
- } else {
- // 判断是否这个request已经成功返回了
- request = mBatchedResponses.get(mCacheKey);
- if (request != null) {
- request.removeContainerAndCancelIfNecessary(this);
- if (request.mContainers.size() == 0) {
- //如果已经成功返回,并且没有ImageView对他感兴趣,那么删除它
- mBatchedResponses.remove(mCacheKey);
- }
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * Returns the bitmap associated with the request URL if it has been loaded, null otherwise.
- */
- public Bitmap getBitmap() {
- return mBitmap;
- }
- /**
- * Returns the requested URL for this container.
- */
- public String getRequestUrl() {
- return mRequestUrl;
- }
- }
- /**
- * 对Request的一个包装,将所有有共同key的请求放入一个LinkedList中
- */
- private class BatchedImageRequest {
- /** The request being tracked */
- private final Request<?> mRequest;
- /** The result of the request being tracked by this item */
- private Bitmap mResponseBitmap;
- /** Error if one occurred for this response */
- private VolleyError mError;
- /** 存放具有共同key的ImageContainer*/
- private final LinkedList<ImageContainer> mContainers = new LinkedList<ImageContainer>();
- /**
- * Constructs a new BatchedImageRequest object
- * @param request The request being tracked
- * @param container The ImageContainer of the person who initiated the request.
- */
- public BatchedImageRequest(Request<?> request, ImageContainer container) {
- mRequest = request;
- mContainers.add(container);
- }
- /**
- * Set the error for this response
- */
- public void setError(VolleyError error) {
- mError = error;
- }
- /**
- * Get the error for this response
- */
- public VolleyError getError() {
- return mError;
- }
- /**
- * Adds another ImageContainer to the list of those interested in the results of
- * the request.
- */
- public void addContainer(ImageContainer container) {
- mContainers.add(container);
- }
- /**
- * 移除一个ImageContainer,如果此时size==0,那么需要从mInFlightRequests中移除该BatchedImageRequest
- * @param container The container to remove from the list
- * @return True if the request was canceled, false otherwise.
- */
- public boolean removeContainerAndCancelIfNecessary(ImageContainer container) {
- mContainers.remove(container);
- if (mContainers.size() == 0) {
- mRequest.cancel();
- return true;
- }
- return false;
- }
- }
- /**
- * 当请求返回后,将BatchedImageRequest放入到mBatchedResponses,然后将结果发送给所有具有相同key的ImageContainer,ImageContainer通过里面的Listener发送到ImageView,从而显示出来
- * @param cacheKey The cacheKey of the response being delivered.
- * @param request The BatchedImageRequest to be delivered.
- * @param error The volley error associated with the request (if applicable).
- */
- private void batchResponse(String cacheKey, BatchedImageRequest request) {
- mBatchedResponses.put(cacheKey, request);
- // If we don't already have a batch delivery runnable in flight, make a new one.
- // Note that this will be used to deliver responses to all callers in mBatchedResponses.
- if (mRunnable == null) {
- mRunnable = new Runnable() {
- @Override
- public void run() {
- for (BatchedImageRequest bir : mBatchedResponses.values()) {
- for (ImageContainer container : bir.mContainers) {
- // If one of the callers in the batched request canceled the request
- // after the response was received but before it was delivered,
- // skip them.
- if (container.mListener == null) {
- continue;
- }
- if (bir.getError() == null) {
- container.mBitmap = bir.mResponseBitmap;
- container.mListener.onResponse(container, false);
- } else {
- container.mListener.onErrorResponse(bir.getError());
- }
- }
- }
- mBatchedResponses.clear();
- mRunnable = null;
- }
- };
- // Post the runnable.
- mHandler.postDelayed(mRunnable, mBatchResponseDelayMs);
- }
- }
- /**
- * 获取一个请求的key,拼接规则就是使用#讲几个连接起来
- * @param url The URL of the request.
- * @param maxWidth The max-width of the output.
- * @param maxHeight The max-height of the output.
- */
- private static String getCacheKey(String url, int maxWidth, int maxHeight) {
- return new StringBuilder(url.length() + 12).append("#W").append(maxWidth)
- .append("#H").append(maxHeight).append(url).toString();
- }
- }
1、通过ImageLoader的get方法获取图片,如果我们只想获取原始图片,不用关心大小,则只用传入url和Listener,如果需要设置图片大小,那么传入你需要设置大大小
2、get方法中,先回去缓存中查找,如果命中,那么就直接放回,如果没有命中,那么就判断mInFlightRequests中是否有相同key的BatchedImageRequest,如果有则直接将ImageConainer加入BatchedImageRequest的mContainres中,因为对于同一个key没有必要发送两次请求
3、如果在mInFlightRequest中没有此key,那么需要创建一个ImageRequest对象,并加入RequestQueue中,并使用ImageRequest创建一个BatchedImageRequest加入mInFlightRequest
4、当请求返回后,将BatchedImageRequest从mInFlightRequest中移除,加入mBatchedResponses中,将返回结果返回给所有的ImageContainer
5、如果一个ImageContainer在收到返回结果之前就被cancel掉,那么需要将它从mInFlightRequest的mContainers中移除,如果移除后mContainers的size为0,说明这个请求只有一次,取消了就没有必要请求,需要把BatchedImageRequestmInFlightRequest中移走,从如果不等于0,说明这个请求被其他的ImageContainr需要,不能取消
如果我们仅仅是获取少量图片,Volley框架为我们提供了一个NetworkImageView,这个类继承自ImageView,使用时,我们只需要调用setImageUrl即可,下面就来看其实现机制
(2) NetworkImageView.java
- public class NetworkImageView extends ImageView {
- /** 需要加载图片的url */
- private String mUrl;
- /**
- * 默认显示图片的id
- */
- private int mDefaultImageId;
- /**
- * 错误图片的id
- */
- private int mErrorImageId;
- /** ImageLoader对象,其实就是用该对象去获取图片,所以了解了ImageLoader后,这个类很好理解 */
- private ImageLoader mImageLoader;
- /**把这个对象当成url和Listener的封装即可 */
- private ImageContainer mImageContainer;
- public NetworkImageView(Context context) {
- this(context, null);
- }
- public NetworkImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
- this(context, attrs, 0);
- }
- public NetworkImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
- super(context, attrs, defStyle);
- }
- /**
- * 设置Url
- *
- * @param url The URL that should be loaded into this ImageView.
- * @param imageLoader ImageLoader that will be used to make the request.
- */
- public void setImageUrl(String url, ImageLoader imageLoader) {
- mUrl = url;
- mImageLoader = imageLoader;
- // 这个方法我们后面分析
- loadImageIfNecessary(false);
- }
- /**
- * Sets the default image resource ID to be used for this view until the attempt to load it
- * completes.
- */
- public void setDefaultImageResId(int defaultImage) {
- mDefaultImageId = defaultImage;
- }
- /**
- * Sets the error image resource ID to be used for this view in the event that the image
- * requested fails to load.
- */
- public void setErrorImageResId(int errorImage) {
- mErrorImageId = errorImage;
- }
- /**
- * 这个方法在onLayout方法中传入true,其他地方传入false
- * @param isInLayoutPass True if this was invoked from a layout pass, false otherwise.
- */
- void loadImageIfNecessary(final boolean isInLayoutPass) {
- int width = getWidth();
- int height = getHeight();
- boolean wrapWidth = false, wrapHeight = false;
- if (getLayoutParams() != null) {
- wrapWidth = getLayoutParams().width == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
- wrapHeight = getLayoutParams().height == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
- }
- // if the view's bounds aren't known yet, and this is not a wrap-content/wrap-content
- // view, hold off on loading the image.
- boolean isFullyWrapContent = wrapWidth && wrapHeight;
- if (width == 0 && height == 0 && !isFullyWrapContent) {
- return;
- }
- // if the URL to be loaded in this view is empty, cancel any old requests and clear the
- // currently loaded image.
- if (TextUtils.isEmpty(mUrl)) {
- if (mImageContainer != null) {
- mImageContainer.cancelRequest();
- mImageContainer = null;
- }
- setDefaultImageOrNull();
- return;
- }
- // if there was an old request in this view, check if it needs to be canceled.
- if (mImageContainer != null && mImageContainer.getRequestUrl() != null) {
- if (mImageContainer.getRequestUrl().equals(mUrl)) {
- //如果请求url相同,则直接return
- return;
- } else {
- // 请求url不同,则cancel,并显示默认图片或者不显示图片
- mImageContainer.cancelRequest();
- setDefaultImageOrNull();
- }
- }
- // Calculate the max image width / height to use while ignoring WRAP_CONTENT dimens.
- int maxWidth = wrapWidth ? 0 : width;
- int maxHeight = wrapHeight ? 0 : height;
- //调用了get方法
- ImageContainer newContainer = mImageLoader.get(mUrl,
- new ImageListener() {
- @Override
- public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
- if (mErrorImageId != 0) {
- setImageResource(mErrorImageId);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public void onResponse(final ImageContainer response, boolean isImmediate) {
- // If this was an immediate response that was delivered inside of a layout
- // pass do not set the image immediately as it will trigger a requestLayout
- // inside of a layout. Instead, defer setting the image by posting back to
- // the main thread.
- if (isImmediate && isInLayoutPass) {
- post(new Runnable() {
- @Override
- public void run() {
- onResponse(response, false);
- }
- });
- return;
- }
- if (response.getBitmap() != null) {
- setImageBitmap(response.getBitmap());
- } else if (mDefaultImageId != 0) {
- setImageResource(mDefaultImageId);
- }
- }
- }, maxWidth, maxHeight);
- // update the ImageContainer to be the new bitmap container.
- mImageContainer = newContainer;
- }
- private void setDefaultImageOrNull() {
- if(mDefaultImageId != 0) {
- setImageResource(mDefaultImageId);
- }
- else {
- setImageBitmap(null);
- }
- }
- @Override
- protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
- super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);
- loadImageIfNecessary(true);
- }
- @Override
- protected void onDetachedFromWindow() {
- if (mImageContainer != null) {
- // If the view was bound to an image request, cancel it and clear
- // out the image from the view.
- mImageContainer.cancelRequest();
- setImageBitmap(null);
- // also clear out the container so we can reload the image if necessary.
- mImageContainer = null;
- }
- super.onDetachedFromWindow();
- }
- @Override
- protected void drawableStateChanged() {
- super.drawableStateChanged();
- invalidate();
- }
- }
到目前为止Volley框架的源码分析差不多了,下一篇文章我打算使用一个GridView展示大量图片的例子来讲解Volley的使用.....
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