本文主要是介绍springboot2 springcloud Greenwich.SR3 构建微服务--7.服务网关zuul综合使用，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
下面来讲一下zuul的综合使用, 在限流, 请求的校验, 请求处理后的添加处理方面的应用.
这个就是网关的优势了.
zuul 中不同组件的作用
/*** 前置 pre* 限流 鉴定权限 参数校验 请求转发** 后置 post* 统计 日志*因为zuul 和eureka 一样都是作为微服务中最基本的服务存在, 当zuul 挂了之后,
就请求不到后面的服务了,所以很有必要最zuul进行高可用的设置.* zuul的高可用. 注册多个zuul的节点.*/
我们做下面的几个功能
1.在所有返回中添加一个头部信息
自定义的过滤器, 需要继承 ZuulFilter 这个类,
filterType 标明是前置过滤器, 还是后置的过滤器, filterOrder 是过滤器的顺序, 因为存在多个过滤器, 需要排序,一一的经过shouldFilter 是否过滤, 只有为true 才过滤,否则直接跳过了run 真正的过滤的方法import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.support.FilterConstants;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.UUID;/*** 返回的时候,在请求头里面添加内容*/
@Component
public class AddResponseFilter extends ZuulFilter {@Overridepublic String filterType() {return FilterConstants.POST_TYPE;}@Overridepublic int filterOrder() {return FilterConstants.SEND_FORWARD_FILTER_ORDER - 1;}@Overridepublic boolean shouldFilter() {return true;}/*** 往返回里面添加东西** @return* @throws ZuulException*/@Overridepublic Object run() throws ZuulException {System.out.println("AddResponseFilter");RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();HttpServletResponse response = requestContext.getResponse();//在请求头里面加了一个返回.response.setHeader("x-foo", UUID.randomUUID().toString());return null;}
}
2. 限流
我们使用google guava的令牌桶算法.
import com.example.zuulserver.exception.RateLimitException;
import com.google.common.util.concurrent.RateLimiter;
import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.support.FilterConstants;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** 限流, 使用令牌桶算法*/
@Component
public class RateLimitFilter extends ZuulFilter {//guava的实现, 1s放入100个令牌private final static RateLimiter rateLimiter = RateLimiter.create(100);@Overridepublic String filterType() {return FilterConstants.PRE_TYPE;}@Overridepublic int filterOrder() {return FilterConstants.SERVLET_DETECTION_FILTER_ORDER - 1;}@Overridepublic boolean shouldFilter() {return true;}@Overridepublic Object run() throws ZuulException {System.out.println("RateLimitFilter");//没有拿到令牌if(!rateLimiter.tryAcquire()){/*RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();requestContext.setSendZuulResponse(false);requestContext.setResponseStatusCode(HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);*/throw new RateLimitException();}return null;}
}
3. token验证, 就是要求请求的链接必须带上一个token ,否则直接返回.
import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.support.FilterConstants;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;/*** 自定义token的验证器*/
@Component
public class TokenFilter extends ZuulFilter {@Overridepublic String filterType() {return FilterConstants.PRE_TYPE;}@Overridepublic int filterOrder() {return FilterConstants.PRE_DECORATION_FILTER_ORDER - 1;}@Overridepublic boolean shouldFilter() {return true;}/*** 过滤的具体逻辑* @return* @throws ZuulException*/@Overridepublic Object run() throws ZuulException {System.out.println("TokenFilter");RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();HttpServletRequest request = context.getRequest();//这是从url参数中获取, 也可以从header 和cookie中获取String token = request.getParameter("token");if(StringUtils.isBlank(token)){//因为测试,这里先注释掉了//context.setSendZuulResponse(false);//context.setResponseStatusCode(HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);}return null;}
}
4. 买家权限鉴定
import com.example.common.util.CookieUtil;
import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;/*** 权限的校验,买家的*/
@Component
public class BuyerFilter extends ZuulFilter {@Autowiredprivate StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;@Overridepublic String filterType() {return null;}@Overridepublic int filterOrder() {return 0;}/*** true 就进行校验, false 不校验* @return*/@Overridepublic boolean shouldFilter() {RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest();
//根据请求的路径判断if ("/order/create".equals(request.getRequestURI())) {return true;}return false;}/*** 权限的校验,买家和卖家的* /order/create 只能买家(cookie 中有openid)* /order/finish 只能卖家(cookie中有token, redis中有值)* /product/list 都可以访问*/@Overridepublic Object run() throws ZuulException {RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest();Cookie cookie = CookieUtil.getCookie(request, "openid");if (cookie == null || StringUtils.isBlank(cookie.getValue())) {requestContext.setSendZuulResponse(false);requestContext.setResponseStatusCode(HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);}return null;}
}
5.卖家权限鉴定
import com.example.common.util.CookieUtil;
import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;/*** 权限的校验,卖家的*/
@Component
public class SellerFilter extends ZuulFilter {@Autowiredprivate StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;@Overridepublic String filterType() {return null;}@Overridepublic int filterOrder() {return 0;}/*** true 就进行校验, false 不校验* @return*/@Overridepublic boolean shouldFilter() {RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest();
//根据请求的路径判断if ("/order/finish".equals(request.getRequestURI())) {return true;}return false;}/*** 权限的校验,买家和卖家的* /order/create 只能买家(cookie 中有openid)* /order/finish 只能卖家(cookie中有token, redis中有值)* /product/list 都可以访问*/@Overridepublic Object run() throws ZuulException {RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest();//常量没有弄过来....Cookie cookie = CookieUtil.getCookie(request, "token");String value = cookie.getValue();Object user = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().get("user", value);if (cookie == null || StringUtils.isBlank(value) || (user == null)) {requestContext.setSendZuulResponse(false);requestContext.setResponseStatusCode(HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);}return null;}
}
关于Zuul支持的cookie跨域问题, 可以添加配置
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CorsFilter;import java.util.Arrays;/*** 跨域可以使用nginx上处理*/
@Configuration
public class ZuulConfig {@Beanpublic CorsFilter corsFilter(){final CorsConfiguration configuration = new CorsConfiguration();configuration.setAllowCredentials(true);//支持cookie跨域//设置原始域,http://www.a.comconfiguration.setAllowedOrigins(Arrays.asList("*"));configuration.setAllowedHeaders(Arrays.asList("*"));//方法, post 还是 getconfiguration.setAllowedMethods(Arrays.asList("*"));//时间, 多长时间不检查configuration.setMaxAge(3000L);final UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**",configuration);CorsFilter filter = new CorsFilter(source);return filter;}}
再多啰嗦一点,
其实RequestContext 就是个Map,还是实现了并发的Map,源码如下, 使用ThreadLocal实现的.
public class RequestContext extends ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object> {private static RequestContext testContext = null;protected static final ThreadLocal<? extends RequestContext> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<RequestContext>() {@Overrideprotected RequestContext initialValue() {try {return contextClass.newInstance();} catch (Throwable e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}};
....
}
整个代码地址是:
https://github.com/changhe626/micro-service
Java Framework,欢迎各位前来交流java相关
QQ群:965125360
这篇关于springboot2 springcloud Greenwich.SR3 构建微服务--7.服务网关zuul综合使用的文章就介绍到这儿，希望我们推荐的文章对编程师们有所帮助！
