本文主要是介绍史上最简单的SpringCloud教程 | 第三篇: 服务消费者(Feign,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
随时随地技术实战干货,获取项目源码、学习资料,请关注源代码社区公众号(ydmsq666)
from:https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/69808079
上一篇文章,讲述了如何通过RestTemplate+Ribbon去消费服务,这篇文章主要讲述如何通过Feign去消费服务。
一、Feign简介
Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性,可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果。
简而言之:
- Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
- Feign 整合了ribbon
二、准备工作
继续用上一节的工程, 启动eureka-server,端口为8761; 启动service-hi 两次,端口分别为8762 、8773.
三、创建一个feign的服务
新建一个spring-boot工程,取名为serice-feign,在它的pom文件引入Feign的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-feign、Eureka的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-eureka、Web的起步依赖spring-boot-starter-web,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.forezp</groupId><artifactId>service-feign</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>jar</packaging><name>service-feign</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><java.version>1.8</java.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>Dalston.RC1</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build><repositories><repository><id>spring-milestones</id><name>Spring Milestones</name><url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url><snapshots><enabled>false</enabled></snapshots></repository></repositories></project>
在工程的配置文件application.yml文件,指定程序名为service-feign,端口号为8765,服务注册地址为http://localhost:8761/eureka/ ,代码如下:
eureka:client:serviceUrl:defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:port: 8765
spring:application:name: service-feign
在程序的启动类ServiceFeignApplication ,加上@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign的功能:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ServiceFeignApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ServiceFeignApplication.class, args);}
}
定义一个feign接口,通过@ FeignClient(“服务名”),来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了service-hi服务的“/hi”接口,代码如下:
/*** Created by fangzhipeng on 2017/4/6.*/
@FeignClient(value = "service-hi")
public interface SchedualServiceHi {@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}
在Web层的controller层,对外暴露一个”/hi”的API接口,通过上面定义的Feign客户端SchedualServiceHi 来消费服务。代码如下:
@RestController
public class HiController {@AutowiredSchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi;@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name){return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name);}
}
启动程序,多次访问http://localhost:8765/hi?name=forezp,浏览器交替显示:
hi forezp,i am from port:8762
hi forezp,i am from port:8763
Feign源码解析:深入理解Feign之源码解析_方志朋的专栏-CSDN博客_feign源码解析
本文源码下载:
SpringCloudLearning/chapter3 at master · forezp/SpringCloudLearning · GitHub
五、参考资料
spring-cloud-feign
优秀文章推荐:
- 史上最简单的 SpringCloud 教程 | 终章
- 史上最简单的 SpringCloud 教程 | 第一篇: 服务的注册与发现(Eureka)
- 史上最简单的SpringCloud教程 | 第七篇: 高可用的分布式配置中心(Spring Cloud Config)
这篇关于史上最简单的SpringCloud教程 | 第三篇: 服务消费者(Feign的文章就介绍到这儿,希望我们推荐的文章对编程师们有所帮助!