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HTML5 Web SQL
Html5数据库API是以一个独立规范形式出现,它包含三个核心方法:
1、openDatabase:这个方法使用现有数据库或创建新数据库创建数据库对象。
2、transaction:这个方法允许我们根据情况控制事务提交或回滚。
3、executeSql:这个方法用于执行真实的SQL查询。
打开数据库
openDatabase方法可以打开已经存在的数据库,不存在则创建:
var db = openDatabase('mydatabase', '2.0', my db', 2 * 1024);
openDatabasek中五个参数分别为:数据库名、版本号、描述、数据库大小、创建回调。创建回调没有也可以创建数据库。
执行查询
database.transaction()函数用来查询,下面将在mydatabase数据库中创建表t1:
var db = openDatabase(' mydatabase ', '1.0', 'Test DB', 2 * 1024 * 1024);
db.transaction(function (tx) {tx.executeSql('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS t1 (id unique, log)');
});
插入操作
var db = openDatabase('mydatabase', '2.0', my db', 2 * 1024);db.transaction(function (tx) {tx.executeSql('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS t1 (id unique, log)');tx.executeSql('INSERT INTO t1 (id, log) VALUES (1, "foobar")');tx.executeSql('INSERT INTO t1 (id, log) VALUES (2, "logmsg")');
});
在插入新记录时,
我们还可以传递动态值,如:
var db = openDatabase(' mydatabase ', '2.0', 'my db', 2 * 1024);
db.transaction(function (tx) {tx.executeSql('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS t1 (id unique, log)');tx.executeSql('INSERT INTO t1 (id,log) VALUES (?, ?'), [e_id, e_log]; //e_id和e_log是外部变量
});
读操作
如果要读取已经存在的记录,我们使用一个回调捕获结果,代码如下:
var db = openDatabase(mydatabase, '2.0', 'my db', 2*1024); db.transaction(function (tx) {tx.executeSql('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS t1 (id unique, log)');tx.executeSql('INSERT INTO t1 (id, log) VALUES (1, "foobar")');tx.executeSql('INSERT INTO t1 (id, log) VALUES (2, "logmsg")');
});
db.transaction(function (tx) {tx.executeSql('SELECT * FROM t1, [], function (tx, results) { var len = results.rows.length, i;msg = "<p>Found rows: " + len + "</p>";document.querySelector('#status').innerHTML += msg;for (i = 0; i < len; i++){alert(results.rows.item(i).log );}
}, null);
});
演示一: <!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head><script type="text/javascript">var db = openDatabase('mydb', '1.0', 'Test DB', 2 * 1024 * 1024);var msg;db.transaction(function (tx) {tx.executeSql('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS LOGS (id unique, log)');tx.executeSql('INSERT INTO LOGS (id, log) VALUES (1, "foobar")');tx.executeSql('INSERT INTO LOGS (id, log) VALUES (2, "logmsg")');msg = '<p>Log message created and row inserted.</p>';document.querySelector('#status').innerHTML = msg;});db.transaction(function (tx) {tx.executeSql('SELECT * FROM LOGS', [], function (tx, results) {var len = results.rows.length, i;msg = "<p>Found rows: " + len + "</p>";document.querySelector('#status').innerHTML += msg;for (i = 0; i < len; i++){msg = "<p><b>" + results.rows.item(i).log + "</b></p>";document.querySelector('#status').innerHTML += msg;}}, null);});</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="status" name="status">Status Message</div>
</body>
</html>
效果:
演示二
HTML布局:
<table><tr><td>用户名:</td><td><input type="text" name="txtName" id="txtName" required/></td></tr><tr><td>标题:</td><td><input type="text" name="txtTitle" id="txtTitle" required/></td></tr><tr><td>留言:</td><td><input type="text" name="txtWords" id="txtWords" required/></td></tr>
</table>
<input type="button" value="保存" id="btnSave"/>
<hr/>
<input type="button" value="展示所哟数据" onclick="showAllTheData();"/><table id="tblData">
</table>
JS代码(需要jQuery):
<script type="text/javascript">function initDatabase() {var db = getCurrentDb();//初始化数据库if(!db) {alert("您的浏览器不支持HTML5本地数据库");return;}db.transaction(function (trans) {//启动一个事务,并设置回调函数//执行创建表的Sql脚本trans.executeSql("create table if not exists Demo(uName text null,title text null,words text null)",[],function (trans, result) { //结果回调},function (trans, message) {//消息的回调函数alert(message);});});});}$(function () {//页面加载完成后绑定页面按钮的点击事件initDatabase();$("#btnSave").click(function () {var txtName = $("#txtName").val();var txtTitle = $("#txtTitle").val();var txtWords = $("#txtWords").val();var db = getCurrentDb();//执行sql脚本,插入数据db.transaction(function (trans) {trans.executeSql("insert into Demo(uName,title,words) values(?,?,?) ", [txtName, txtTitle, txtWords], function (ts, data) {}, function (ts, message) {alert(message);});});showAllTheData();});});function getCurrentDb() {//打开数据库,或者直接连接数据库参数:数据库名称,版本,概述,大小//如果数据库不存在那么创建之var db = openDatabase("myDb", "1.0", "it's to save demo data!", 1024 * 1024); ;return db;}//显示所有数据库中的数据到页面上去function showAllTheData() {$("#tblData").empty();var db = getCurrentDb();db.transaction(function (trans) {trans.executeSql("select * from Demo ", [], function (ts, data) {if (data) {for (var i = 0; i < data.rows.length; i++) {appendDataToTable(data.rows.item(i));//获取某行数据的json对象}}}, function (ts, message) {alert(message);var tst = message;});});}function appendDataToTable(data) {//将数据展示到表格里面//uName,title,wordsvar txtName = data.uName;var txtTitle = data.title;var words = data.words;var strHtml = "";strHtml += "<tr>";strHtml += "<td>"+txtName+"</td>";strHtml += "<td>" + txtTitle + "</td>";strHtml += "<td>" + words + "</td>";strHtml += "</tr>";$("#tblData").append(strHtml);}
</script>
效果:
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