本文主要是介绍BBS前后端混合项目--01，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
总路由
# urls.py """BBS1 URL ConfigurationThe `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/http/urls/ Examples: Function views1. Add an import: from my_app import views2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home') Class-based views1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home') Including another URLconf1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls')) """ from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path, re_path from app01 import views from django.views.static import serve from django.conf import settingsurlpatterns = [path('admin/', admin.site.urls),path('register/', views.register),path('check_username/', views.check_username),path('login/', views.login),path('logout/', views.logout),path('get_code/', views.get_code),path('upanddown/', views.upanddown),path('commit/', views.commit),path('backend/', views.backend),path('', views.home),path('change_password/', views.change_password),path('add_article/', views.add_article),path('delete/<int:pk>', views.delete_article),path('media/<path:path>', serve, {'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}),re_path('(?P<username>\w+)/(?P<choice>category|tag|archive)/(?P<condition>.*?).html', views.site),path('<str:username>/articles/<int:article_id>.html', views.article_detail),path('<str:username>', views.site), # 个人站点路由放最后---》上面所有都匹配完了--->再看是不是个人站点 ]
总配置
# settings from pathlib import Path import osBASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parentSECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-s7$a4504xk&4-3zdd^1s50f^_%^_vjj_i-beq=b--r-pw%rptz'DEBUG = TrueALLOWED_HOSTS = []INSTALLED_APPS = ['django.contrib.admin','django.contrib.auth','django.contrib.contenttypes','django.contrib.sessions','django.contrib.messages','django.contrib.staticfiles','app01.apps.App01Config', ]MIDDLEWARE = ['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware','django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware','django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware','django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware','django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware','django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',# 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ]ROOT_URLCONF = 'BBS1.urls'TEMPLATES = [{'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates','DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates')],'APP_DIRS': True,'OPTIONS': {'context_processors': ['django.template.context_processors.debug','django.template.context_processors.request','django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth','django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',],},}, ]WSGI_APPLICATION = 'BBS1.wsgi.application'# DATABASES = { # 'default': { # 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', # 'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3', # } # } DATABASES = {'default': {'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql','NAME': 'bbs1','USER': 'root','PASSWORD': 'JIAJIA','HOST': '127.0.0.1','PORT': 3306} }AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [{'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',},{'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',},{'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',},{'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',}, ]# 国际化 LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans' TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' USE_I18N = True USE_L10N = True USE_TZ = FalseSTATIC_URL = '/static/' STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')]MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media') MEDIA_URL = '/media/'DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'AUTH_USER_MODEL='app01.UserInfo'
总模版层
# views.py from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect from django.http import JsonResponse from .forms import RegisterForm from .models import UserInfo, Article, Category, Tag, UpAndDown, Commit from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont from io import BytesIO from .utills import get_random_code, get_random_rgb import random, json from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login as auth_login, logout as auth_logout from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required from django.db.models import F from django.db import transaction# Create your views here.def register(request):if request.method == 'GET':form = RegisterForm()return render(request, 'register.html', {'form': form})else:# # 1 数据# print(request.POST)# # 2 文件# print(request.FILES.get('my_img'))# 取出头像avatar = request.FILES.get('my_img')# 校验数据是否合法'''username: adminpassword: 123email: 306334678@qq.comphone: 17717823244avatar:文件'''print(request.POST.get('username'))form = RegisterForm(request.POST)# 使用form校验传入的数据print(form)print(form.is_valid())if form.is_valid(): # 校验通过# 保存data = form.cleaned_data# 把re_password 弹出data.pop('re_password')# 把头像加入if avatar:data['avatar'] = avatarUserInfo.objects.create_user(**data)return JsonResponse({'code': 100, 'msg': '注册成功'})else:return JsonResponse({'code': 101, 'msg': '注册失败', 'errors': form.errors})# 校验用户名是否存在接口 def check_username(request):username = request.GET.get('username')res = UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).exists()if res:return JsonResponse({'code': 100, 'msg': '用户已经存在'})else:return JsonResponse({'code': 101, 'msg': '您可以注册'})def login(request):if request.method == 'GET':return render(request, 'login.html')else:username = request.POST.get('username')password = request.POST.get('password')net_code = request.POST.get('code').lower()#code = request.POST.get('code').lower() # 会存在bug# 1 校验验证码,取出老验证码，忽略大小写old_code = request.session.get('code').lower()if code == old_code:# 2 去验证用户了---》# 你们去实现：先根据用户名查出用户，check_password校验密码# UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username,password=password).exists() # 错的user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)if user:# 登录成功--->内部写session了auth_login(request, user)return JsonResponse({'code': 100, 'msg': '登录成功', 'url': '/'})else:return JsonResponse({'code': 101, 'msg': '用户名或密码错误'})else:return JsonResponse({'code': 102, 'msg': '验证码错误'})def logout(request):auth_logout(request)return redirect('/')def home(request):article_list = Article.objects.all().order_by('create_time')return render(request, 'home.html', locals())def get_code(request):height = 38width = 300image_tmp = Image.new('RGB', (300, 38), (255, 255, 255))# 把空图片放在了画板上，就可以写字了draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image_tmp)# 加入字体# img_font = ImageFont.truetype('./static/font/xgdl.ttf', 23) # 字体，字体大小写img_font = ImageFont.truetype('./static/font/ss.TTF', 23)# 验证码code_str = get_random_code()print(code_str)# 重要，要保存request.session['code'] = code_strfor i, item in enumerate(code_str):draw.text((30 + i * 50, 3), item, fill=get_random_rgb(), font=img_font) # (x轴,y轴)，字，字颜色，字体# 增加难度--->在图片上画点for i in range(30):draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=get_random_rgb())# 画弧形x = random.randint(0, width)y = random.randint(0, height)draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90, fill=get_random_rgb())# 在图片上划线for i in range(3):x1 = random.randint(0, width)x2 = random.randint(0, height)y1 = random.randint(0, width)y2 = random.randint(0, height)draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=get_random_rgb())# 放在内存中,一旦不用，自动清理内存my_io = BytesIO()image_tmp.save(my_io, 'png')return HttpResponse(my_io.getvalue())def site(request, username,**kwargs):user = UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()if user:# 查出当前用户，所有的文章article_list = Article.objects.filter(blog_id=user.blog.id).all()choice = kwargs.get('choice', None)condition = kwargs.get('condition', None) # 如果 choice 有值，condition一定有if choice and choice == 'category':# choice有值 说明不是个人站点的：可能是 tag筛选，标签筛选，日期筛选，并且choice是 category，按标签过滤的category_name = Category.objects.filter(pk=condition).first().namearticle_list = article_list.filter(category_id=condition)elif choice and choice == 'tag':tag_name = Tag.objects.filter(pk=condition).first().namearticle_list = article_list.filter(tag__id=condition)elif choice and choice == 'archive':date_y_m = conditionyear, month = condition.split('-')article_list = article_list.filter(create_time__year=year, create_time__month=month)return render(request, 'site.html', locals())else:return render(request, '404.html')def article_detail(request,username,article_id):article = Article.objects.filter(pk=article_id).first()commit_list = Commit.objects.filter(article_id=article_id)return render(request,'article_detail.html',locals())# 加装饰器的话，无法制定返回给agax的数据，前端不好操作 def upanddown(request):# 当前登录用户，如果取不出来，需要返回让它登录user = request.userif user.is_authenticated:article_id = request.POST.get('article_id')up_or_down = request.POST.get('up') # 是字符串类型,转成 布尔up_or_down = json.loads(up_or_down) # ajax传入的是二进制res = UpAndDown.objects.filter(article_id=article_id, user=user).first()if res:return JsonResponse({'code': 102, 'msg': '您已经点过了'})else:# 存点赞点踩记录，记录被点的文章，下次查，若文章在数据库，说明点过了UpAndDown.objects.create(user=user, article_id=article_id, is_up=up_or_down)if up_or_down:Article.objects.filter(pk=article_id).update(up_number=F('up_number') + 1)return JsonResponse({'code': 100, 'msg': '点赞成功'})else:Article.objects.filter(pk=article_id).update(down_number=F('down_number') + 1)return JsonResponse({'code': 100, 'msg': '点踩成功'})else:return JsonResponse({'code': 101, 'msg': '您没有登录，请先 <a href="/login/" style="color: red">登录</a>'})# 评论 def commit(request):user = request.userif user.is_authenticated:article_id = request.POST.get('article_id')content = request.POST.get('content')with transaction.atomic(): # 开启事务dcommit=Commit.objects.create(user=user, article_id=article_id, content=content)# 评论数加一Article.objects.filter(pk=article_id).update(commit_number=F('commit_number')+1)return JsonResponse({'code': '100', 'msg': '评论成功', 'content':commit.content , 'username': user.username})else:return JsonResponse({'code': '101', 'msg': '没有登录'})@login_required(login_url='/login/') def backend(request):article_list = Article.objects.filter(blog=request.user.blog)return render(request,'backend.html',locals())@login_required(login_url='/login/') def delete_article(request,pk):Article.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()return redirect('/backend/')@login_required(login_url='/login/') def add_article(request):if request.method == 'GET':# 当前作者所有分类category_list = Category.objects.filter(blog=request.user.blog).all()tag_list = Tag.objects.filter(blog=request.user.blog).all()return render(request, 'add_article.html',locals())else:title = request.POST.get('title')content = request.POST.get('content')category = request.POST.get('category')desc = content[0:30]tag = request.POST.getlist('tag')# 加入数据库article = Article.objects.create(title=title, desc=desc, content=content, category_id=category,blog=request.user.blog)article.tag.add(*tag)return redirect('/backend/')
总utils-验证码
# utils.py import random # 验证码 def get_random_code():code=''for i in range(5):upper_char = chr(random.randint(65,90))low_char = chr(random.randint(97,122))num_char = str(random.randint(0,9))res=random.choice([upper_char,low_char,num_char])code+=resreturn code# 画布 def get_random_rgb():return (random.randint(0,255),random.randint(0,255),random.randint(0,255))if __name__ == '__main__':print(get_random_code())
admin.py
from django.contrib import admin# Register your models here.from .models import *admin.site.register(UserInfo) admin.site.register(Blog) admin.site.register(Tag) admin.site.register(Category) admin.site.register(Article) admin.site.register(ArticleToTag) admin.site.register(Commit)
总数据库表
# models.py from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUserclass UserInfo(AbstractUser):# 扩写字段---》手机号，头像，phone = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='手机号', blank=True, null=True)# /media/avatar/default.png# 必须安装pillow 才能使用 ImageFieldavatar = models.ImageField(upload_to='avatar', default='avatar/default.png')blog = models.OneToOneField(to='Blog', on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = '用户表' # 给其他人看，知道这是用户表def __str__(self):return self.usernameclass Blog(models.Model):# 博客标题site_title = models.CharField(max_length=32)# 博客副标题site_name = models.CharField(max_length=32)# 博客样式# 每个人样式不同（文件地址）site_style = models.CharField(max_length=32)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = '博客表'def __str__(self):# 会报错try:return self.userinfo.username + '---' + self.site_titleexcept Exception as e:return self.site_titleclass Tag(models.Model):name = models.CharField(max_length=32)blog = models.ForeignKey(to=Blog, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = '标签表'def __str__(self):return self.nameclass Category(models.Model):name = models.CharField(max_length=32)blog = models.ForeignKey(to=Blog, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = '分类表'def __str__(self):return self.nameclass Article(models.Model):title = models.CharField(max_length=128)# 文章摘要desc = models.CharField(max_length=256, verbose_name='文章摘要')# 文章详情 大文本content = models.TextField()create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)# 关联字段# 标签和分类up_number = models.IntegerField(default=0)down_number = models.IntegerField(default=0)commit_number = models.IntegerField(default=0)# 关联字段# 标签和分类category = models.ForeignKey(to=Category, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True)# 多对多,手动创建中间表tag = models.ManyToManyField(to=Tag, through='ArticleToTag', through_fields=('article', 'tag'))# 博客blog = models.ForeignKey(to=Blog, on_delete=models.CASCADE)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = '文章表'def __str__(self):return self.titleclass ArticleToTag(models.Model):article = models.ForeignKey(to=Article, on_delete=models.CASCADE)tag = models.ForeignKey(to=Tag, on_delete=models.CASCADE)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = '中间表'class UpAndDown(models.Model):user = models.ForeignKey(to=UserInfo, on_delete=models.CASCADE)article = models.ForeignKey(to=Article, on_delete=models.CASCADE)is_up = models.BooleanField(default=True)create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)# 联合唯一# unique_together=('user','article')class Meta:verbose_name_plural = '点赞点踩'def __str__(self):return self.is_upclass Commit(models.Model):user = models.ForeignKey(to=UserInfo, on_delete=models.CASCADE)article = models.ForeignKey(to=Article, on_delete=models.CASCADE)content = models.CharField(max_length=256)create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)# 自关联,评论层级---》子评论 一定要写null=Trueparent_id = models.ForeignKey(to='self', on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = '评论表'def __str__(self):return self.content
asgi.py
import osfrom django.core.asgi import get_asgi_applicationos.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'BBS1.settings')application = get_asgi_application()
展示
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