本文主要是介绍java Netty应用实例-群聊系统,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
一、实例要求:
1)编写一个Netty群聊系统,实现服务器端和客户端之间的数据简单通讯(非阻塞)
2)实现多人群聊
3)服务器端:可以监测用户上线,离线,并实现消息转发功能。
4)客户端:通过channel可以无阻塞发送消息给其他所有用户,同时可以接受其他用户发送的消息(有服务器转发得到)
5)目的:进一步理解Netty非阻塞网络编程机制。
二、以下为实现代码
1.服务器端GroupChatServer.java
package com.tfq.netty.netty.groupchat;import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;/*** @author: fqtang* @date: 2024/04/03/13:39* @description: 描述*/
public class GroupChatServer {//监听端口private int port;public GroupChatServer(int port) {this.port = port;}/*** 处理客户端的请求*/public void run() throws InterruptedException {//创建两个线程组EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(8);try {ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class).option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128).childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true).childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {@Overrideprotected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {//获取到pipelineChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();//向pipeline加入一个解码器pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());//向pipeline加入一个编码器pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());//加入自己的业务处理handlerpipeline.addLast(new GroupChatServerHandler());}});System.out.println("netty 服务器启动");ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(port).sync();channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();}finally {bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();}}public static void main(String[] args) {try {new GroupChatServer(7888).run();} catch(InterruptedException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}}
服务器端的handler处理:
package com.tfq.netty.netty.groupchat;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;
import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;/*** @author: fqtang* @date: 2024/04/03/13:53* @description: 描述*/
public class GroupChatServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {/*** 定义一个channel组,管理所有的channel* GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE是全局的事件执行器,是一个单例*/private static ChannelGroup channels = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");/*** 表示连接建立,一旦连接,第一个被执行* 将当前channel加入到 channelGroup** @param ctx* @throws Exception*/@Overridepublic void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {Channel channel = ctx.channel();//将该客户加入聊天的信息推送给其他在线的客户端//该方法会将channelGroup 中所有的channel 遍历,并发送消息,我们不需要自己遍历channels.writeAndFlush(sdf.format(new Date())+" [客户端]" + channel.remoteAddress() + " 加入聊天\n");channels.add(channel);}/*** 表示channel 处于活动上线,提示 xx上线** @param ctx* @throws Exception*/@Overridepublic void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 在[ "+sdf.format(new Date())+" ] 上线了~");}/*** 表示channel 处于离线,提示 xx离线** @param ctx* @throws Exception*/@Overridepublic void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + "在 "+sdf.format(new Date())+" 离线了~");}/*** 断开连接,将XX客户离开信息推送给当前在线的客户** @param ctx* @throws Exception*/@Overridepublic void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {Channel channel = ctx.channel();channels.writeAndFlush("[客户端]" + channel.remoteAddress() + "在 【"+ sdf.format(new Date()) +"】 离开\n");System.out.println("移除通道"+channel.hashCode()+",当前通道总数:" + channels.size());}@Overrideprotected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {//获取当前通道channelChannel channel = ctx.channel();//这时我们遍历channels,根据不同的情况,返回不同的不同消息channels.forEach(c -> {if(channel !=c){//不是当前的channel,直接打印消息//把当前通道的消息转发给其他通道了c.writeAndFlush("[客户]" + channel.remoteAddress()+ "在 【"+ sdf.format(new Date()) + "】 发送了消息:"+ msg +" \n");}else {c.writeAndFlush("【自己】在 【"+ sdf.format(new Date()) +"】 发送了消息"+msg+"\n");}});}@Overridepublic void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {//关闭通道ctx.close();System.out.println("在 【"+sdf.format(new Date()) +"】 关闭通道,通道总数:" + channels.size());}
}
2.客户端GroupChatClient.java
package com.tfq.netty.netty.groupchat;import java.util.Scanner;import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;/*** @author: fqtang* @date: 2024/04/04/7:54* @description: 描述*/
public class GroupChatClient {private final String host;private final int port;public GroupChatClient(String host, int port) {this.host = host;this.port = port;}public void run() {EventLoopGroup eventLoopGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();try {Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();bootstrap.group(eventLoopGroup).channel(NioSocketChannel.class).handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {@Overrideprotected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {//得到pipelineChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();//加入相关handler的解码器pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());//加入相关handler的编码器pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());//加入自定义的handlerpipeline.addLast(new GroupChatClientHandler());}});//连接服务器返回通道ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();Channel channel = channelFuture.channel();if(channelFuture.isSuccess()) {System.out.println("本地ip:"+channel.localAddress()+",连接服务器ip: "+channel.remoteAddress() + " 成功");}Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);while(scanner.hasNextLine()) {channel.writeAndFlush(scanner.nextLine());}//给关闭监听进行通道channel.closeFuture().sync();} catch(InterruptedException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);} finally {eventLoopGroup.shutdownGracefully();}}public static void main(String[] args) {new GroupChatClient("127.0.0.1", 7888).run();}
}
客户端的handler处理
package com.tfq.netty.netty.groupchat;import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;/*** @author: fqtang* @date: 2024/04/04/8:16* @description: 描述*/
public class GroupChatClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {@Overrideprotected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {System.out.println(msg.trim());}
}
先运行GroupChatServer.java,然后运行多个GroupChatClient客户端。若用Idea开发则设置运行多个 客户。如下图:
运行如下图所示:
完毕。
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