本文主要是介绍Varnish+Nginx 配置----Varnish，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
最近项目引入反向代理和缓存，熟悉了一下Squid、Apache、Valish、Nginx，根据项目实际进行选择，客观来说，采用Linux系统部署最好，也没有什么难度，但实际情况必须采用Windows系统（本着方案要结合现实的原则,研究要以Windows平台为主）。
一 Varnish启动:
e:
cd e:\varnish\bin
set PATH=%CD%;%PATH%
varnishd -a :7575 -T :11212 -f /etc/varnish_cst_cfg.vcl -s file,E:/var/varnish/tg/cache/jjtg,1024M -p thread_pool_max=5000 -p thread_pool_min=100
REM pause# This is a basic VCL configuration file for varnish. See the vcl(7)
# man page for details on VCL syntax and semantics.
#
# Default backend definition. Set this to point to your content
# server.backend tgweb {.host = "192.168.45.45";.port = "7574";.connect_timeout = 20s;.first_byte_timeout = 20s;.between_bytes_timeout = 20s;}#允许刷新缓存的规则
#acl purgeAllow {
# #只能本机进行刷新
# "localhost";
#}# Below is a commented-out copy of the default VCL logic. If you
# redefine any of these subroutines, the built-in logic will be
# appended to your code.sub vcl_recv {#判断请求主机,跳转到相应后端服务器if(req.http.host ~ "^(.*)(tg.stockjyb.com:7575)"){set req.backend=tgweb;}else{error 408 "Hostname not found"; }#grace缓存过期仍存放# 若backend是健康的，则仅grace 5s，如果backend不健康，则grace 1m。# 这里，5s的目的是为了提高高并发时的吞吐率；# 1m的目的是，backend挂了之后，还能继续服务一段时间，期望backend挂的不要太久。。。if (req.backend.healthy) {set req.grace = 5s;} else {set req.grace = 1m;}#刷新缓存的处理#if (req.request == "PURGE"){# if(!client.ip ~ purgeAllow) {# error 405 "Not allowed.";# }# #转到hit或者miss处理# return (lookup);#}#移除一些特定格式的cookieif (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|flv|bmp|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|js|css|html|htm)($|\?)" ) {#移除cookie,以便能缓存到varnishunset req.http.cookie;}#Accept-Encoding 是浏览器发给服务器,声明浏览器支持的编码类型的#修正客户端的Accept-Encoding头信息#防止个别浏览器发送类似 deflate, gzipif (req.http.Accept-Encoding) {if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|flv|bmp|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz)($|\?)" ) {remove req.http.Accept-Encoding;}else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip"){set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip";} else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate"){set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate";} else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "sdch"){#chrome新增加的压缩set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "sdch";}else {remove req.http.Accept-Encoding;}}#首次访问增加X-Forwarded-For头信息,方便后端程序获取客户端ipif (req.restarts == 0) {if (req.http.x-forwarded-for) {set req.http.X-Forwarded-For =req.http.X-Forwarded-For + ", " + client.ip;} else {set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip;}}#if (req.request != "GET" &&# req.request != "HEAD" &&# req.request != "PUT" &&# req.request != "POST" &&# req.request != "TRACE" &&# req.request != "OPTIONS" &&# req.request != "DELETE") {# /* Non-RFC2616 or CONNECT which is weird. */# return (pipe);#}if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") {/* We only deal with GET and HEAD by default */return (pass);}if (req.http.Authorization) {/* Not cacheable by default */return (pass);}#js,css文件都有Cookie,不能每次都去后台服务器去取#if (req.http.Cookie) {# /* Not cacheable by default */# return (pass);#}#如果请求的是动态页面直接转发到后端服务器if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(aspx|asmx|ashx)($|.*)") {return (pass);}return (lookup);}sub vcl_pipe {# Note that only the first request to the backend will have# X-Forwarded-For set. If you use X-Forwarded-For and want to# have it set for all requests, make sure to have:# set bereq.http.connection = "close";# here. It is not set by default as it might break some broken web# applications, like IIS with NTLM authentication.return (pipe);}#放过,让其直接去后台服务器请求数据sub vcl_pass {return (pass);}sub vcl_hash {hash_data(req.url);if (req.http.host) {hash_data(req.http.host);} else {hash_data(server.ip);}#支持压缩的要增加,防止发送给不支持压缩的浏览器压缩的内容if(req.http.Accept-Encoding){hash_data(req.http.Accept-Encoding);}return (hash);}#缓存服务器lookup查找命中:hitsub vcl_hit {#刷新缓存的请求操作,设置TTL为0,返回处理结果代码#if (req.request == "PURGE") {# set obj.ttl = 0s;# error 200 "Purged.";# }//#缓存服务器命中后(查找到了)return (deliver);}#缓存服务器lookup查找没有命中:misssub vcl_miss {#刷新缓存的请求操作,#if (req.request == "PURGE") {# error 404 "Not in cache.";#}//#缓存服务器没有命中(去后台服务器取)return (fetch);}#从后台服务器取回数据后,视情况是否进行缓存sub vcl_fetch {#如果请求的是动态页面直接发转发#动态请求回来的,一定要放在前面处理if (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(aspx|asmx|ashx)($|.*)") {set beresp.http.Cache-Control="no-cache, no-store";unset beresp.http.Expires;return (deliver);}# 仅当该请求可以缓存时，才设置beresp.grace，若该请求不能被缓存，则不设置beresp.graceif (beresp.ttl > 0s) {set beresp.grace = 1m;} if (beresp.ttl <= 0s ||beresp.http.Set-Cookie ||beresp.http.Vary == "*") {/** Mark as "Hit-For-Pass" for the next 2 minutes*/set beresp.ttl = 120 s;#下次请求时不进行lookup,直接passreturn (hit_for_pass);}#设置从后台服务器获得的特定格式文件的缓存TTLif (req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(pdf|xls|ppt|doc|docx|xlsx|pptx|chm|rar|zip)($|\?)") {#移除服务器发送的cookie unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;#加上缓存时间set beresp.ttl = 30d;return (deliver);}else if(req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(bmp|jpeg|jpg|png|gif|svg|png|ico|txt|css|js|html|htm)($|\?)"){#移除服务器发送的cookie unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;#加上缓存时间set beresp.ttl = 15d;return (deliver);}else if(req.url ~ "^(.*)\.(mp3|wma|mp4|rmvb|ogg|mov|avi|wmv|mpeg|mpg|dat|3pg|swf|flv|asf)($|\?)"){#移除服务器发送的cookie unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;#加上缓存时间set beresp.ttl = 30d;return (deliver);}#从后台服务器返回的response信息中,没有缓存的,不缓存if (beresp.http.Pragma ~"no-cache" || beresp.http.Cache-Control ~"no-cache" || beresp.http.Cache-Control ~"private") {return (deliver);}return (deliver);}#缓存服务器发送到客户端前调用sub vcl_deliver {#下面是添加一个Header标识，以判断缓存是否命中。if (obj.hits > 0) {set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT from TG.varnish-cache.jjcj.com";#set resp.http.X-Varnish = "HIT from TG.varnish-cache.jjcj.com";} else {set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS from TG.varnish-cache.jjcj.com";#set resp.http.X-Varnish = "MISS from TG.varnish-cache.jjcj.com";}#去掉不是必须的headerunset resp.http.Vary;unset resp.http.X-Powered-By;unset resp.http.X-AspNet-Version;return (deliver);}sub vcl_error {set obj.http.Content-Type = "text/html; charset=utf-8";set obj.http.Retry-After = "5";synthetic {"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html><head><title>"} + obj.status + " " + obj.response + {"</title></head><body><h1>Error "} + obj.status + " " + obj.response + {"</h1><p>"} + obj.response + {"</p><h3>Guru Meditation:</h3><p>XID: "} + req.xid + {"</p><hr><p>Varnish cache server</p></body></html>"};return (deliver);}sub vcl_init {return (ok);}sub vcl_fini {return (ok);}
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