springDataJpa的入门操作（基本CRUD）

本文主要是介绍springDataJpa的入门操作（基本CRUD），希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

i.搭建环境：
创建工程导入坐标

  <properties><spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version><hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version><slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version><log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version><c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version><mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version></properties><dependencies><!-- junit单元测试 --><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.12</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- spring beg --><dependency><groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId><version>1.6.8</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><!-- spring对orm框架的支持包--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><!-- spring end --><!-- hibernate beg --><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId><version>${hibernate.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId><version>${hibernate.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId><version>5.2.1.Final</version></dependency><!-- hibernate end --><!-- c3p0 beg --><dependency><groupId>c3p0</groupId><artifactId>c3p0</artifactId><version>${c3p0.version}</version></dependency><!-- c3p0 end --><!-- log end --><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>${log4j.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId><version>${slf4j.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>${slf4j.version}</version></dependency><!-- log end --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>${mysql.version}</version></dependency><!-- spring data jpa 的坐标--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId><artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId><version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><!-- el beg 使用spring data jpa 必须引入 --><dependency><groupId>javax.el</groupId><artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId><version>2.2.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId><artifactId>javax.el</artifactId><version>2.2.4</version></dependency><!-- el end --><!--maven中引入--><dependency><groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId><artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId><version>2.3.0</version></dependency></dependencies>

配置spring的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpahttp://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd"><!--文件配置参考：https://blog.csdn.net/chengmi6360/article/details/100698548?utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant_t0.none-task-blog-2%7Edefault%7EBlogCommendFromMachineLearnPai2%7Edefault-1.control&dist_request_id=1331988.13468.16188233912506531&depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant_t0.none-task-blog-2%7Edefault%7EBlogCommendFromMachineLearnPai2%7Edefault-1.control--><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbcConfig.properties"/><!-- 1.dataSource 配置数据库连接池--><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><!--连接数据库的必备信息--><property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property><property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property><property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property></bean><!-- 2.配置entityManagerFactory --><bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /><!--扫描domain中的JPA注解--><property name="packagesToScan" value="com.geor.JpaDemo.domain" /><property name="persistenceProvider"><bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider" /></property><!--JPA的供应商适配器--><property name="jpaVendorAdapter"><bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"><!--建表策略 true就是JPA中的update，false什么都不做--><property name="generateDdl" value="false" /><property name="database" value="MYSQL" /><property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" /><property name="showSql" value="true" /></bean></property><property name="jpaDialect"><bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" /></property></bean><!-- 3.事务管理器--><!-- JPA事务管理器  --><bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"><property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /></bean><!-- 整合spring data jpa--><jpa:repositories base-package="com.geor.JpaDemo.dao"transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"></jpa:repositories><!-- 4.txAdvice--><tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"><tx:attributes><tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/><tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/><tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/><tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/><tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/><tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/><tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/></tx:attributes></tx:advice><!-- 5.aop--><aop:config><aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.geor.JpaDemo.service.impl.*.*(..))" /><aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut" /></aop:config><!--扫描 com.geor.JpaDemo 下的所有的spring 的注解--><context:component-scan base-package="com.geor.JpaDemo"></context:component-scan><!--组装其它 配置文件--></beans>

编写实体类（Customer），使用jpa注解配置映射关系

@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_customer1")public class Customer implements Serializable
{@Id
//    @GeneratedValue(generator = GenerationType.)@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)@Column(name = "cust_id")private Long custId;@Column(name = "cust_name")private String custName;@Column(name = "cust_source")private String custSource;@Column(name = "cust_industry")private String custIndustry;@Column(name = "cust_level")private String custLevel;@Column(name = "cust_address")private String custAddress;@Column(name = "cust_phone")private String custPhone;public Long getCustId(){return custId;}public void setCustId(Long custId){this.custId = custId;}public String getCustName(){return custName;}public void setCustName(String custName){this.custName = custName;}public String getCustSource(){return custSource;}public void setCustSource(String custSource){this.custSource = custSource;}public String getCustIndustry(){return custIndustry;}public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry){this.custIndustry = custIndustry;}public String getCustLevel(){return custLevel;}public void setCustLevel(String custLevel){this.custLevel = custLevel;}public String getCustAddress(){return custAddress;}public void setCustAddress(String custAddress){this.custAddress = custAddress;}public String getCustPhone(){return custPhone;}public void setCustPhone(String custPhone){this.custPhone = custPhone;}@Overridepublic String toString(){return "Customer{" +"custId=" + custId +", custName='" + custName + '\'' +", custSource='" + custSource + '\'' +", custIndustry='" + custIndustry + '\'' +", custLevel='" + custLevel + '\'' +", custAddress='" + custAddress + '\'' +", custPhone='" + custPhone + '\'' +'}';}

.编写一个符合springDataJpa的dao层接口

/*** JpaRepository<操作的实体类类型，Id的数据类型>* *     封装了基本CRUD操作* JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类类型>* *    封装了复杂查询（分页）** @author kuailedetanger@163.com* @create 2021/4/19 17:25*/
public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Customer>
{
}

使用测试类实现crud操作

findOne（id） ：根据id查询
save(customer):保存或者更新（依据：传递的实体类对象中，是否包含id属性）
delete（id） ：根据id删除
findAll() : 查询全部

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class CustomerDaoTest
{@Autowiredprivate CustomerDao customerDao;/*** 查询* @throws Exception*/@Testpublic void demo1() throws Exception{Customer customer = customerDao.findOne(3l);System.out.println(customer);}/*** save :根据是否有id 来执行保存或update操作* @throws Exception*/@Testpublic void demo2() throws Exception{Customer customer = new Customer();customer.setCustId(14l);customer.setCustName("jap测试22");customerDao.save(customer);}/*** 查询所有* @throws Exception*/@Testpublic void demo3() throws Exception{List<Customer> li = customerDao.findAll();for (Customer customer : li){System.out.println(customer);}}/*** 删除*/@Testpublic void demo4(){customerDao.delete(13l);}}

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