高级语言讲义2024软专（仅高级语言部分）

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1.实现快速排序，简要分析时间复杂度、空间复杂度。

#include <stdio.h>void swap(int* a, int* b) {int temp = *a;*a = *b;*b = temp;
}void printArray(int *arr, int size) {for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)printf("%d ", arr[i]);printf("\n");
}int partition(int *arr, int low, int high) {int pivot = arr[low];int i = low + 1;int j = high;  while (1) {while (arr[i] < pivot && i <= high)i++;while (arr[j] > pivot && j >= low + 1)j--;if (i >= j)break;swap(&arr[i], &arr[j]);}swap(&arr[low], &arr[j]);return j; 
}void quickSort(int *arr, int low, int high) {if (low < high) {int pivot_index = partition(arr, low, high);quickSort(arr, low, pivot_index - 1);quickSort(arr, pivot_index + 1, high); }
}int main() {int arr[] = {10, 7, 8, 9, 1, 5};int size = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);printf("Original Array: ");printArray(arr, size);quickSort(arr, 0, size - 1);printf("Sorted Array: ");printArray(arr, size);return 0;
}

2.int len( char*s),实现该递归函数，计算字符中最后一个单词的长度，若不存在单词{返回0。(字符串由大小写字母、空格组成)

#include <stdio.h>int strlen(char *s) {if(*s=='\0')return 0;elsereturn strlen(s+1)+1;
}int del(char *s) {if(*s==' ')return del(s-1)+1;return 0;
}int getlen(char *s) {if(*s==' ')return 0;elsereturn getlen(s-1)+1;
}int main() {char str[] = "Hellmo Wiorld";printf("%d",getlen(str+strlen(str)-1-del(str+strlen(str)-1)));return 0;
}

3.职工信息:工号、姓名、年龄。定义结构体从键盘读入n个职工信息，结点顺序与读入一致。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>typedef struct node {int num;char name[20];int age;struct node *next;
} node;struct node* create(int n) {struct node* head=NULL;struct node* p1,*p2;for(int i=0; i<n; i++) {p1=(struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));scanf("%d%s%d",&p1->num,&p1->name,&p1->age);if(i==0)head=p1;elsep2->next=p1;p2=p1;}p2->next=NULL;return head;
}

4.续写，将链表中工号重复的结点删去，并写入" worker.txt"文件中

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>typedef struct node {int num;char name[20];int age;struct node *next;
} node;void removeDuplicates(struct node* head) {FILE *file;if((file=fopen("worker.txt","w"))==NULL)printf("open error");if (head == NULL)return;struct node* current = head;while (current->next != NULL) {if (current->num == current->next->num) {struct node* temp = current->next;current->next = temp->next;free(temp);} elsecurrent = current->next;}while(head!=NULL) {fprintf(file,"%10s %d %d",head->name,head->age,head->num);head=head->next;}fclose(file);
}

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