本文主要是介绍【ProjectEuler】ProjectEuler_051(找出最小的能够通过改变同一部分得到八个质数的质数),希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
#pragma once#include <windows.h>
#include <vector>
#include <set>using namespace std;class MoonMath
{
public:MoonMath(void);~MoonMath(void);//************************************// Method: IsInt// Access: public// Describe: 判断double值在epsilon的范围内是否很接近整数// 如1.00005在epsilon为0.00005以上就很接近整数// Parameter: double doubleValue 要判断的double值// Parameter: double epsilon 判断的精度,0 < epsilon < 0.5// Parameter: INT32 & intValue 如果接近,返回最接近的整数值// Returns: bool 接近返回true,否则返回false//************************************static bool IsInt(double doubleValue, double epsilon, INT32 &intValue);//************************************// Method: Sign// Access: public// Describe: 获取value的符号// Parameter: T value 要获取符号的值// Returns: INT32 正数、0和负数分别返回1、0和-1//************************************template <typename T>static INT32 Sign(T value);const static UINT32 MIN_PRIMER = 2; // 最小的素数//************************************// Method: IsPrimer// Access: public// Describe: 判断一个数是否是素数// Parameter: UINT32 num 要判断的数// Returns: bool 是素数返回true,否则返回false//************************************static bool IsPrimer(UINT32 num);//************************************// Method: IsIntegerSquare// Access: public static// Describe: 判断给定的数开平方后是否为整数// Parameter: UINT32 num// Returns: bool//************************************static bool IsIntegerSquare(UINT32 num);//************************************// Method: GetDiffPrimerFactorNum// Access: public static// Describe: 获取num所有的不同质因数// Parameter: UINT32 num// Returns: set<UINT32>//************************************static set<UINT32> MoonMath::GetDiffPrimerFactorNum(UINT32 num);
};
#include "MoonMath.h"
#include <cmath>MoonMath::MoonMath(void)
{
}MoonMath::~MoonMath(void)
{
}template <typename T>
INT32 MoonMath::Sign(T value)
{if(value > 0){return 1;}else if(value == 0){return 0;}else{return -1;}
}bool MoonMath::IsInt(double doubleValue, double epsilon, INT32 &intValue)
{if(epsilon > 0.5 || epsilon < 0){return false;}if(INT32(doubleValue + epsilon) == INT32(doubleValue - epsilon)){return false;}INT32 value = INT32(doubleValue);intValue = (fabs(doubleValue - value) > 0.5) ? (value + MoonMath::Sign(doubleValue)) : (value) ;return true;
}bool MoonMath::IsPrimer(UINT32 num)
{if(num < MIN_PRIMER){return false;}if(num == MIN_PRIMER){return true;}// 判断是否能被2整除if((num & 1) == 0){return false;}UINT32 sqrtOfNum = (UINT32)sqrt((double)num); // num的2次方// 从MIN_PRIMER到sqrt(num),如果任何数都不能被num整除,num是素数,否则不是for(UINT32 i = MIN_PRIMER + 1; i <= sqrtOfNum; i += 2){if(num % i == 0){return false;}}return true;
}bool MoonMath::IsIntegerSquare(UINT32 num)
{UINT32 qurtNum = (UINT32)sqrt((double)num);return (qurtNum * qurtNum) == num;
}set<UINT32> MoonMath::GetDiffPrimerFactorNum(UINT32 num)
{UINT32 halfNum = num / 2;set<UINT32> factors;for(UINT32 i = 2; i <= halfNum; ++i){if(!MoonMath::IsPrimer(i)){continue;}if(num % i == 0){factors.insert(i);while(num % i == 0){num /= i;}}}return factors;
}
// Prime digit replacements
// Problem 51
// By replacing the 1st digit of *3, it turns out that six of the nine possible values: 13, 23, 43, 53, 73, and 83, are all prime.
//
// By replacing the 3rd and 4th digits of 56**3 with the same digit, this 5-digit number is the first example having seven primes among the ten generated numbers, yielding the family: 56003, 56113, 56333, 56443, 56663, 56773, and 56993. Consequently 56003, being the first member of this family, is the smallest prime with this property.
//
// Find the smallest prime which, by replacing part of the number (not necessarily adjacent digits) with the same digit, is part of an eight prime value family.
//
// 题目51:找出最小的能够通过改变同一部分得到八个质数的质数。
// 通过置换*3的第一位得到的9个数中,有六个是质数:13,23,43,53,73和83。
//
// 通过用同样的数字置换56**3的第三位和第四位,这个五位数是第一个能够得到七个质数的数字,得到的质数是:56003, 56113, 56333, 56443, 56663, 56773, 和 56993。因此其中最小的56003就是具有这个性质的最小的质数。
//
// 找出最小的质数,通过用同样的数字置换其中的一部分(不一定是相邻的部分),能够得到八个质数。#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <ctime>
#include <assert.h>#include <vector>
#include <MoonMath.h>using namespace std;// 打印时间等相关信息
class DetailPrinter
{
public:void Start();void End();DetailPrinter();private:LARGE_INTEGER timeStart;LARGE_INTEGER timeEnd;LARGE_INTEGER freq;
};DetailPrinter::DetailPrinter()
{QueryPerformanceFrequency(&freq);
}//************************************
// Method: Start
// Access: public
// Describe: 执行每个方法前调用
// Returns: void
//************************************
void DetailPrinter::Start()
{QueryPerformanceCounter(&timeStart);
}//************************************
// Method: End
// Access: public
// Describe: 执行每个方法后调用
// Returns: void
//************************************
void DetailPrinter::End()
{QueryPerformanceCounter(&timeEnd);cout << "Total Milliseconds is " << (double)(timeEnd.QuadPart - timeStart.QuadPart) * 1000 / freq.QuadPart << endl;const char BEEP_CHAR = '\007';cout << endl << "By GodMoon" << endl << __TIMESTAMP__ << BEEP_CHAR << endl;system("pause");
}/*************************解题开始*********************************/const UINT32 RADIO = 10; // 进制// 记录最小素数,可以增加的数以及可增加的次数
// 比如56003,可以增加的数为100,110,10,可增加的次数分别为9,9,9
struct FitInfo
{UINT32 Num;vector<UINT32> IncNums;vector<UINT32> MaxIncTimes;void Clear();void AddIncNum(UINT32 incNum, UINT32 maxIncTimes);
};//************************************
// Method: Clear
// Access: public
// Describe: 清空信息
// Returns: void
//************************************
void FitInfo::Clear()
{Num = 0;IncNums.clear();MaxIncTimes.clear();
}//************************************
// Method: AddIncNum
// Access: public
// Describe:
// Parameter: UINT32 incNum
// Parameter: UINT32 maxIncTimes
// Returns: void
//************************************
void FitInfo::AddIncNum(UINT32 incNum, UINT32 maxIncTimes)
{IncNums.push_back(incNum);MaxIncTimes.push_back(maxIncTimes);
}//************************************
// Method: GetFitInfo
// Access: public
// Describe: 获取这个数的信息,替换连续的相同数字
// Parameter: UINT32 num
// Parameter: FitInfo & fitInfo
// Returns: void
//************************************
void GetAdjacentFitInfo(UINT32 num, FitInfo &fitInfo, UINT32 familyPrimerCount)
{UINT32 numBak = num; // 备份num,用于循环UINT32 currDigit; // 当前处理的数字UINT32 lastDigit = num % RADIO; // 前一个处理的数字,初始化为第一个数字UINT32 currWeight = 1; // 当前位的权重,为1,10,100……UINT32 currIncNum = 0; // 当前num可增加的数UINT32 addNum; // 用于递增计算连续可用的递增数UINT32 incNum; // 用于保存连续可用的递增数fitInfo.Clear();fitInfo.Num = num;while(numBak != 0){currDigit = numBak % RADIO;if(currDigit <= RADIO - familyPrimerCount){// 如果上一个数字和当前数字一致,将其组合加入fitInfoif(lastDigit == currDigit){currIncNum += currWeight;addNum = currWeight;for(incNum = currWeight; incNum < currIncNum; incNum += addNum){addNum /= RADIO;fitInfo.AddIncNum(incNum, RADIO - currDigit - 1);}}else{// 不一致的话,只添加currWeightcurrIncNum = currWeight;}fitInfo.AddIncNum(currIncNum, RADIO - currDigit - 1);}else{currIncNum = 0;}currWeight *= 10;lastDigit = currDigit;numBak /= RADIO;}
}//************************************
// Method: GetNumMap
// Access: public
// Describe: 获取
// Parameter: UINT32 num
// Parameter: UINT32 digitIncNum[] 二进制的数字map,表示索引的数字所在十进制数中的位置
// Parameter: UINT32 radio
// Returns: void
//************************************
void GetNumMap(UINT32 num, UINT32 digitIncMap[], UINT32 radio)
{UINT32 currDigit;UINT32 currWeight = 1;while(num != 0){currDigit = num % radio;digitIncMap[currDigit] |= currWeight;currWeight <<= 1;num /= radio;}
}//************************************
// Method: GetIncWeight
// Access: public
// Describe: 根据二进制Map获取可加权重
// Parameter: UINT32 digitIncMap 如:1010B
// Parameter: vector<UINT32> & incWeight 如:1000,10
// Returns: void
//************************************
void GetIncWeight(UINT32 digitIncMap, vector<UINT32> &incWeight)
{UINT32 currWeight = 1;incWeight.clear();while(digitIncMap != 0){if((digitIncMap & 1)){incWeight.push_back(currWeight);}currWeight *= RADIO;digitIncMap >>= 1;}
}//************************************
// Method: GetValue
// Access: public
// Describe: 从map和权重中获取值
// Parameter: UINT32 map 数据位,如:101
// Parameter: vector<UINT32> & incWeight 权重,如:1000,100,1
// Returns: UINT32 值:如:1001
//************************************
UINT32 GetValue(UINT32 map, const vector<UINT32> &incWeight)
{UINT32 value;UINT32 index;for(value = 0, index = 0; map; ++index){if(map & 1){value += incWeight[index];}map >>= 1;}return value;
}//************************************
// Method: ParseDigitMap
// Access: public
// Describe: 从digitIncMap中计算出相应数字的fitInfo
// Parameter: UINT32 digitIncMap 表示数字digit的所在位比如10101101
// Parameter: UINT32 digit 范围[0,RADIO),表示某个数字
// Parameter: FitInfo & fitInfo
// Returns: void
//************************************
void ParseDigitMap(UINT32 digitIncMap, UINT32 digit, FitInfo &fitInfo)
{vector<UINT32> incWeight;GetIncWeight(digitIncMap, incWeight);UINT32 maxMapValue = 1 << incWeight.size();for(UINT32 mapValue = 1; mapValue < maxMapValue; ++mapValue){fitInfo.AddIncNum(GetValue(mapValue, incWeight), RADIO - digit - 1);}
}//************************************
// Method: GetFitInfo
// Access: public
// Describe: 获取这个数的信息,替换不一定连续的相同数字
// Parameter: UINT32 num
// Parameter: FitInfo & fitInfo
// Returns: void
//************************************
void GetNotAdjacentFitInfo(UINT32 num, FitInfo &fitInfo, UINT32 familyPrimerCount)
{UINT32 digitIncMap[RADIO] = {0};fitInfo.Clear();fitInfo.Num = num;GetNumMap(num, digitIncMap, RADIO);for(UINT32 digit = 0; digit < RADIO; ++digit){ParseDigitMap(digitIncMap[digit], digit, fitInfo);}
}//************************************
// Method: CalcMaxPrimerCount
// Access: public
// Describe: 获取此族素数的个数
// Parameter: const FitInfo & fitInfo
// Returns: UINT32
//************************************
UINT32 CalcMaxPrimerCount(const FitInfo &fitInfo, UINT32 &maxFitIncNum, UINT32 &maxFitTimes)
{UINT32 maxPrimerCount = 0;UINT32 currPrimerCount = 1;UINT32 fitCount = fitInfo.IncNums.size();UINT32 currNum;UINT32 fitIndex;UINT32 fitIncTimes;UINT32 fitIncCount;UINT32 fitIncNum;for(fitIndex = 0; fitIndex < fitCount; ++fitIndex){currPrimerCount = 1; // 初始化为1,因为fitInfo.Num已经是素数了currNum = fitInfo.Num;fitIncNum = fitInfo.IncNums[fitIndex];fitIncTimes = fitInfo.MaxIncTimes[fitIndex];for(fitIncCount = 0; fitIncCount < fitIncTimes; ++fitIncCount){currNum += fitIncNum;if(MoonMath::IsPrimer(currNum)){++currPrimerCount;if(currPrimerCount > maxPrimerCount){maxFitIncNum = fitIncNum;maxFitTimes = fitIncTimes;maxPrimerCount = currPrimerCount;}}}}return maxPrimerCount;
}void TestFun1()
{FitInfo fitInfo;GetNotAdjacentFitInfo(100, fitInfo, 8);cout << "Test OK!" << endl;
}void F1()
{cout << "void F1()" << endl;// TestFun1();DetailPrinter detailPrinter;detailPrinter.Start();/*********************************算法开始*******************************/const UINT32 FAMILY_PRIMER_COUNT = 6; // 素数族中素数个数FitInfo fitInfo;UINT32 maxFitIncNum;UINT32 maxFitTimes;for(UINT32 num = 3;; num += 2){if(MoonMath::IsPrimer(num)){GetNotAdjacentFitInfo(num, fitInfo, FAMILY_PRIMER_COUNT);if(CalcMaxPrimerCount(fitInfo, maxFitIncNum, maxFitTimes) >= FAMILY_PRIMER_COUNT){break;}}}cout << "拥有至少" << FAMILY_PRIMER_COUNT << "个素数的素数族中最小的素数为"<< fitInfo.Num << endl<< "素数族其他成员为:";UINT32 primer = fitInfo.Num;for(UINT32 i = 0; i < maxFitTimes; ++i){primer += maxFitIncNum;if(MoonMath::IsPrimer(primer)){cout << primer << " ";}}cout << endl;/*********************************算法结束*******************************/detailPrinter.End();
}//主函数
int main()
{F1();return 0;
}/*
void F1()
拥有至少6个素数的素数族中最小的素数为13
素数族其他成员为:23 43 53 73 83
Total Milliseconds is 4.50833By GodMoon
Sun Mar 24 21:44:13 2013void F1()
拥有至少7个素数的素数族中最小的素数为56003
素数族其他成员为:56113 56333 56443 56663 56773 56993
Total Milliseconds is 481.138By GodMoon
Sun Mar 24 21:43:49 2013void F1()
拥有至少8个素数的素数族中最小的素数为121313
素数族其他成员为:222323 323333 424343 525353 626363 828383 929393
Total Milliseconds is 1023.6By GodMoon
Sun Mar 24 21:41:17 2013
*/
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