本文主要是介绍python hashlib模块,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
hashlib用来替换md5和sha模块,并使他们的API一致。它由OpenSSL支持,支持如下算法:md5,sha1, sha224, sha256, sha384, sha512
示例一:
import hashlib
m = hashlib.md5() #创建hash对象,md5:(message-Digest Algorithm 5)消息摘要算法,得出一个128位的密文
print m #<md5 HASH object @ 02B93250>
m.update('python') #更新哈希对象,以字符串为参数
print m.digest() #返回摘要,作为二进制数据字符串值
print m.hexdigest() #返回摘要,作为十六进制数据字符串值 23eeeb4347bdd26bfc6b7ee9a3b755dd
print m.digest_size #16,结果hash的大小,产生的散列的字节大小
print m.block_size #64,hash内部块的大小,The internal block size of the hash algorithm in bytes print hashlib.md5('python').hexdigest()#简略写法 23eeeb4347bdd26bfc6b7ee9a3b755ddm1=m.copy()#复制
print m #<md5 HASH object @ 02B93250>
print m1 #<md5 HASH object @ 02B93200>
print m.hexdigest()==m1.hexdigest() #True
示例二:使用new()创建指定加密模式的hash对象
import hashlib
h = hashlib.new('md5')
print h #<md5 HASH object @ 029F3200>
h.update('python')
print h.hexdigest() #23eeeb4347bdd26bfc6b7ee9a3b755dd
print h.block_size,h.digest_size
print hashlib.new('md5','python').hexdigest() #简略写法 23eeeb4347bdd26bfc6b7ee9a3b755dd
#等效
h1 = hashlib.md5()
h1.update('python')
print h1.hexdigest() #23eeeb4347bdd26bfc6b7ee9a3b755dd
print h1.block_size,h1.digest_size
print hashlib.md5('python').hexdigest() #简略写法 23eeeb4347bdd26bfc6b7ee9a3b755dd
#列出所有加密算法
print hashlib.algorithms#('md5', 'sha1', 'sha224', 'sha256', 'sha384', 'sha512')
示例三:更新哈希对象以字符串为参数,如果同一个hash对象重复调用该方法,则 m.update(a);m.update(b) is equivalent to m.update(a+b)
data.py文件:
s = '''Loremipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
sed doeiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut
enim ad minimveniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi
ut aliquip exea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in
reprehenderitin voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla
pariatur.Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in
culpa quiofficia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.'''
当前要执行的test.py文件:
import hashlib
from data import s
h =hashlib.md5()
h.update(s)
all_at_once=h.hexdigest()
#增量更新,文件太大的时候,可以分多次读入
def chunkmd5(size,text): '''''Return parts of the text in size-based increments.''' start=0 while start<len(text): chunk=text[start:start+size] yield chunk start+=size h1=hashlib.md5()
for chunk in chunkmd5(64,s): h1.update(chunk) all_at_many_time= h1.hexdigest()
print 'All at once :',all_at_once
print 'All at many time:',all_at_many_time
print 'the two is same?:', (all_at_once ==all_at_many_time)
结果:
All at once : fda376c90e12c5f0ec0c8dc86b056aa3
All at many time: fda376c90e12c5f0ec0c8dc86b056aa3
the two is same?: True
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