本文主要是介绍【34】cobra 框架，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
一. cobra是什么
cobra是一个命令行程序库，可以用来编写命令行程序。同时，它也提供了一个脚手架，用于生成基于 cobra 的应用程序框架。非常多知名的开源项目使用了 cobra 库构建命令行，如Kubernetes、Hugo、etcd等等等等。
二. 引入cobra库
go get -u github.com/spf13/cobra三. go示例代码
package mainimport ("fmt""github.com/spf13/cobra""os""strings"
)var (Verbose boolConfigPath stringSomeString string
)func main() {Execute()return
}var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{Use: "root",Short: "the short description shown in the 'help' output.",Long: `root description detailLong is the long message shown in the 'help <this-command>' output.`,Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {// Do Stuff Herefmt.Printf("root verbose: %v\n", Verbose)fmt.Printf("root config: %s\n", ConfigPath)fmt.Printf("root string: %s\n", SomeString)},
}func Execute() {if err := rootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {fmt.Println(err)os.Exit(1)}
}var apiCmd = &cobra.Command{Use: "api",Short: "api short description",Long: `api long description`,Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {// Do Stuff Herefmt.Printf("api verbose: %v\n", Verbose)fmt.Printf("api config: %s\n", ConfigPath)fmt.Printf("api string: %s\n", SomeString)},
}var adminCmd = &cobra.Command{Use: "admin",Short: "admin short description",Long: `admin long description`,Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {// Do Stuff Herefmt.Printf("admin verbose: %v\n", Verbose)fmt.Printf("admin config: %s\n", ConfigPath)fmt.Printf("admin string: %s\n", SomeString)},
}var apiChildCmd = &cobra.Command{Use: "apiChild",Short: "apiChild short description",Long: `apiChild long description`,Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {// Do Stuff Herefmt.Printf("apiChild verbose: %v\n", Verbose)fmt.Printf("apiChild config: %s\n", ConfigPath)fmt.Printf("apiChild string: %s\n", SomeString)},
}func init() {rootCmd.AddCommand(apiCmd, adminCmd)apiCmd.AddCommand(apiChildCmd)// persistent是全局选项，对应的方法为PersistentFlagsrootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&Verbose, "verbose", "v", false, "全局版本")rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&SomeString, "string", "s", "null", "字符串")// local为本地选项，对应方法为Flags，只对指定的Command生效apiCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&ConfigPath, "config", "c", "", "读取文件路径")
}
// persistent是全局选项，对应的方法为PersistentFlags
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&Verbose, "verbose", "v", false, "全局版本")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&SomeString, "string", "s", "null", "字符串")
// local为本地选项，对应方法为Flags，只对指定的Command生效
apiCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&ConfigPath, "config", "c", "", "读取文件路径")
四. 结果
go run ./main.go -v -s aaa
root verbose: true
root config:
root string: aaa
go run ./main.go api -v -s aaa -c config
api verbose: true
api config: config
api string: aaa
go run ./main.go api apiChild -v -s aaa
apiChild verbose: true
apiChild config:
apiChild string: aaa
只有api可以设置-c参数
五. 添加svc库
svc库将服务分为初始化、启动服务、结束服务三个阶段。
引入svc包
go get -u github.com/judwhite/go-svc与cobra结合，如下为项目启动示例代码
func main() {Execute()return
}var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{Use: "server",Short: "",Long: "",Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {},
}func Execute() {if err := rootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {fmt.Println(err)os.Exit(1)}
}type Application struct {
}var cfgFile *stringvar startCmd = &cobra.Command{Use: "start",Short: "start the api server",Long: `usage example:server(.exe) start -c apollo.jsonstart the server`,Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {app := &Application{}if err := svc.Run(app, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM); err != nil {fmt.Println(err)}},
}func init() {rootCmd.AddCommand(startCmd)cfgFile = startCmd.Flags().StringP("config", "c", "", "config file (required)")startCmd.MarkFlagRequired("config")
}func (app *Application) Init(env svc.Environment) error {// do initreturn nil
}func (app *Application) Start() error {// do startreturn nil
}func (app *Application) Stop() error {// do stopreturn nil
}这篇关于【34】cobra 框架的文章就介绍到这儿，希望我们推荐的文章对编程师们有所帮助！
