本文主要是介绍Flutter 与 Android原生 相互通信：BasicMessageChannel、MethodChannel、EventChannel，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
前言
本文主要讲解，使用不同的 Channel 让 Flutter 和 Android原生 进行通信，由于只是讲解两端通信，所以可视化效果不好；
不过我写了一篇专门讲解 Flutter 嵌入 Android原生View的文章
Flutter 页面嵌入 Android原生 View-CSDN博客
可以先看完，再结合案例自己改动一下，做到可视化，不过我还是建议优先看当前文章。
我采用在Android原生延时发送方式，来模拟Android原生向Flutter 发送消息。
1、BasicMessageChannel
主要应用于传输数据的通道，目前提供了以下几种消息类型：
JSONMessageCodec、StandardMessageCodec、StringCodec、BinaryCodec；
默认使用的消息类型是 StandardMessageCodec。
下面图片是 Flutter和Android原生，分别支持的数据类型 和 对应关系；
1.1 JSONMessageCodec
Json字符串。
1.2 StandardMessageCodec
标准类型，可以看作默认类型，支持的类型也是最多的。
1.3 StringCodec
字符串。
1.4 BinaryCodec
二进制，比如传输文件。
我挑了两个最常用的类型进行演示，比如Flutter向Android原生发送请求，Android原生收到请求后将数据响应给Flutter；
BasicMessageChannel的监听回调，没有提供具体调用了哪个函数的标识，所以在演示PUT时，我会先将GET相关代码注释，反之也一样；
如果和其他Channel配合使用可以解决这个注释问题， 比如BasicMessageChannel 和 MethodChannel 一起使用，这个案例我放在最后讲解，这一阶段先麻烦一下；
传输 BinaryCodec，我使用的是音频文件，传输完成默认开始播放，友情提示，戴耳机或者声音小点，避免社S。
在Flutter添加音频播放库，库的具体地址
just_audio | Flutter Package
just_audio: ^0.9.36Android原生 需要的配置，app/build.gradle
defaultConfig {... ...multiDexEnabled true
}dependencies {def exoplayer_version = "2.18.5"implementation "com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-core:$exoplayer_version"implementation "com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-dash:$exoplayer_version"implementation "com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-hls:$exoplayer_version"implementation "com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-smoothstreaming:$exoplayer_version"implementation 'androidx.multidex:multidex:2.0.1'
}传输JSONMessageCodec：
传输BinaryCodec
1.5 传输JSONMessageCodec
Flutter：main_json_basic_message_channel.dart
import 'dart:math';import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';void main() {runApp(const MyApp());
}class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {const MyApp({super.key});@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {return MaterialApp(debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,title: 'Flutter Demo',theme: ThemeData(colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),useMaterial3: true,),home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),);}
}/// BasicMessageChannel
/// 使用Map类型，对应 Android端的 JSONObject类型
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});final String title;@overrideState<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {late BasicMessageChannel channel;// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样static const String CHANNEL_NAME = 'flutter.mix.android/json_basic_message_channel';String msgState = "默认"; // 消息传递状态@overrideinitState() {super.initState();initChannel();}/// 初始化消息通道initChannel() {channel = const BasicMessageChannel(CHANNEL_NAME,JSONMessageCodec()); // 创建 Flutter端和Android端的，相互通信的通道// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发channel.setMessageHandler(handler);}/// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道/// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发Future<dynamic> handler(dynamic message) async {// PUTvar androidCount = message['androidNum'];msgState = 'Flutter端接收Android端PUT请求成功，数据：$androidCount';setState(() {});return 0; // 返回给Android端// GET，这里模拟在Android端显示// var randomV = getRandomV();// Map<String, int> map = {'flutterNum': randomV};// msgState = 'Flutter端接收Android端GET请求成功：$randomV';// setState(() {});// return map; // 返回给Android端}/// Flutter端 向 Android端 发送数据，PUT 操作flutterSendAndroidData() {var randomV = getRandomV();Map<String, int> map = {'flutterNum': randomV};// Android端调用Reply相关回调函数后，then、catchError 会接收到channel.send(map).then((value) {var flutterNum = value['flutterNum'];msgState = 'Android端接收Flutter端PUT请求成功，数据：$flutterNum ----> 5秒后，Android端会向Flutter端发送PUT请求';setState(() {});}).catchError((e) {if (e is MissingPluginException) {debugPrint('flutterSendAndroidDataNotice --- Error：notImplemented --- 未找到Android端具体实现函数');} else {debugPrint('flutterSendAndroidDataNotice --- Error：$e');}});}/// Flutter端 获取 Android端 数据，GET 操作flutterGetAndroidData() {// Android端调用Reply相关回调函数后，then、catchError 会接收到channel.send(null).then((value) {var androidCount = value['androidNum'];msgState = 'Android端接收Flutter端GET请求成功，数据：$androidCount ----> 5秒后，Android端会向Flutter端发送GET请求';setState(() {});}).catchError((e) {if (e is MissingPluginException) {debugPrint('flutterGetAndroidDataNotice --- Error：notImplemented --- 未找到Android端具体实现函数');} else {debugPrint('flutterGetAndroidDataNotice --- Error：$e');}});}/// 获取随机数int getRandomV() {return Random().nextInt(100); // 随机数范围(0-99)}@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {const defaultStyle = TextStyle(fontSize: 16,color: Colors.orangeAccent,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,);return Scaffold(backgroundColor: Colors.blueGrey,body: SafeArea(top: true,child: SizedBox(width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width,height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height,child: Column(mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,children: [SizedBox(width: 300,child: Text(msgState,textAlign: TextAlign.center,style: defaultStyle)),Padding(padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 16),child: ElevatedButton(onPressed: flutterSendAndroidData,child: const Text('Flutter端向Android端发送数据'),),),ElevatedButton(onPressed: flutterGetAndroidData,child: const Text('Flutter端获取Android端数据'),),],),),));}}
Android原生：TestJsonBasicMessageChannel.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channel.channelimport android.os.Handler
import android.os.Looper
import android.util.Log
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BasicMessageChannel
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BinaryCodec
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BinaryMessenger
import io.flutter.plugin.common.JSONMessageCodec
import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodChannel
import io.flutter.plugin.common.StandardMessageCodec
import io.flutter.plugin.common.StringCodec
import org.json.JSONException
import org.json.JSONObject/*** BasicMessageChannel** 使用 JSONObject类型，对应 Flutter端的 Map类型*/
class TestJsonBasicMessageChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) :BasicMessageChannel.MessageHandler<Any> {private lateinit var mChannel: BasicMessageChannel<Any>companion object {// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样private const val CHANNEL_NAME = "flutter.mix.android/json_basic_message_channel"}init {initChannel(messenger)}/*** 初始化消息通道*/private fun initChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) {// 创建 Android端和Flutter端的，相互通信的通道// 通道名称，两端必须一致mChannel = BasicMessageChannel(messenger, CHANNEL_NAME, JSONMessageCodec.INSTANCE)// 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道// Flutter端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发mChannel.setMessageHandler(this)}// ========================== PUT 操作 ==========================/*** 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道** message： Android端 接收到 Flutter端 发来的 数据对象* reply：Android端 给 Flutter端 执行回调的接口对象*/override fun onMessage(message: Any?, reply: BasicMessageChannel.Reply<Any>) {// 回调结果对象// 获取Flutter端传过来的数据val flutterCount = getMap(message.toString())?.get("flutterNum")Log.d("TAG", "flutterCount：$flutterCount")// 回调状态接口对象，里面只有一个回调方法// reply.reply(@Nullable T reply)reply.reply(message) // 返回给Flutter端Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).postDelayed({androidSendFlutterData()}, 5000)}/*** Android端 向 Flutter端 发送数据*/private fun androidSendFlutterData() {val map: MutableMap<String, Int> = mutableMapOf<String, Int>()map["androidNum"] = getRandomV() // 随机数范围(0-99)mChannel.send(map, object : BasicMessageChannel.Reply<Any> {override fun reply(reply: Any?) {// 获取Flutter端传过来的数据Log.d("TAG", "reply：$reply")}})}// ========================== GET 操作 ==========================// /**
// * 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道
// *
// * message： Android端 接收到 Flutter端 发来的 数据对象
// * reply：Android端 给 Flutter端 执行回调的接口对象
// */
// override fun onMessage(message: Any?, reply: BasicMessageChannel.Reply<Any>) {
// val map: MutableMap<String, Int> = mutableMapOf<String, Int>()
// map["androidNum"] = getRandomV() // 随机数范围(0-99)
// reply.reply(map) // 返回给Flutter端
//
// Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).postDelayed({
// androidGetFlutterData()
// }, 5000)
// }
//
// /**
// * Android端 获取 Flutter端 数据
// */
// private fun androidGetFlutterData() {
// mChannel.send(null, object : BasicMessageChannel.Reply<Any> {
//
// override fun reply(reply: Any?) {
// // 获取Flutter端传过来的数据
// val flutterCount = getMap(reply.toString())?.get("flutterNum")
// Log.d("TAG", "flutterCount：$flutterCount")
// }
//
// })
// }/*** 获取随机数*/private fun getRandomV() = (0..100).random()/*** 解除绑定*/fun closeChannel() {mChannel.setMessageHandler(null)}/*** Json 转 Map*/private fun getMap(jsonString: String?): HashMap<String, Any>? {val jsonObject: JSONObjecttry {jsonObject = JSONObject(jsonString)val keyIter: Iterator<String> = jsonObject.keys()var key: Stringvar value: Anyvar valueMap = HashMap<String, Any>()while (keyIter.hasNext()) {key = keyIter.next()value = jsonObject[key] as AnyvalueMap[key] = value}return valueMap} catch (e: JSONException) {e.printStackTrace()}return null}
}Android原生：MainActivity.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channelimport com.example.flutter_android_channel.channel.TestJsonBasicMessageChannel
import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngineclass MainActivity : FlutterActivity() {private lateinit var testJsonBasicMessageChannel: TestJsonBasicMessageChanneloverride fun configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine)testJsonBasicMessageChannel = TestJsonBasicMessageChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger)}override fun onDestroy() {super.onDestroy()testJsonBasicMessageChannel.closeChannel()}}
1.6 传输BinaryCodec
Flutter：main_byte_basic_message_channel.dart
import 'package:just_audio/just_audio.dart';
import 'dart:typed_data';import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';void main() {runApp(const MyApp());
}class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {const MyApp({super.key});@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {return MaterialApp(debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,title: 'Flutter Demo',theme: ThemeData(colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),useMaterial3: true,),home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),);}
}/// BasicMessageChannel
/// 使用ByteData类型，对应 Android端的 ByteBuffer类型
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});final String title;@overrideState<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {late BasicMessageChannel channel;// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样static const String CHANNEL_NAME = 'flutter.mix.android/byte_basic_message_channel';String msgState = "默认"; // 消息传递状态@overrideinitState() {super.initState();initChannel();}/// 初始化消息通道initChannel() {channel = const BasicMessageChannel(CHANNEL_NAME,BinaryCodec()); // 创建 Flutter端和Android端的，相互通信的通道// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发channel.setMessageHandler(handler);}/// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道/// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发Future<dynamic> handler(dynamic message) async {// PUTvar data = message as ByteData;loadMusic(data);msgState = 'Flutter端接收Android端PUT请求成功，音频加载完毕，开始播放';setState(() {});return ByteData.view(Uint8List(0).buffer); // 返回给Android端// GET，这里模拟在Android端播放音乐// final data = await rootBundle.load('assets/music/di_jia_a.mp3');// loadMusic(data);// msgState = 'Flutter端接收Android端GET请求成功，音频加载完毕，开始播放';// setState(() {});// return data; // 返回给Android端}/// Flutter端 向 Android端 发送数据，PUT 操作flutterSendAndroidData() async {final byteData = await rootBundle.load('assets/music/di_jia_a.mp3');// Android端调用Reply相关回调函数后，then、catchError 会接收到channel.send(byteData).then((value) {loadMusic(value);msgState = 'Android端接收Flutter端PUT请求成功，音频加载完毕，开始播放 --- 5秒钟后 Android端会向Flutter端发送PUT请求';setState(() {});}).catchError((e) {if (e is MissingPluginException) {debugPrint('flutterSendAndroidDataNotice --- Error：notImplemented --- 未找到Android端具体实现函数');} else {debugPrint('flutterSendAndroidDataNotice --- Error：$e');}});}/// Flutter端 获取 Android端 数据，GET 操作flutterGetAndroidData() {// Android端调用Reply相关回调函数后，then、catchError 会接收到channel.send(null).then((value) {loadMusic(value);msgState = 'Android端接收Flutter端GET请求成功，音频加载完毕，开始播放 --- 5秒钟后 Android端会向Flutter端发送GET请求';setState(() {});}).catchError((e) {if (e is MissingPluginException) {debugPrint('flutterGetAndroidDataNotice --- Error：notImplemented --- 未找到Android端具体实现函数');} else {debugPrint('flutterGetAndroidDataNotice --- Error：$e');}});}final player = AudioPlayer();/// 加载音频loadMusic(ByteData data) async {var buffer = data.buffer;var uint8list = buffer.asUint8List(data.offsetInBytes,data.lengthInBytes);var audioSource = AudioSource.uri(Uri.dataFromBytes(uint8list));await player.setAudioSource(audioSource);player.play(); // 播放音乐}/// 播放或暂停palsyOrPause() {if(player.playing) {player.pause();}}@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {const defaultStyle = TextStyle(fontSize: 16,color: Colors.orangeAccent,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,);return Scaffold(backgroundColor: Colors.blueGrey,body: SafeArea(top: true,child: SizedBox(width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width,height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height,child: Column(mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,children: [SizedBox(width: 300,child: Text(msgState,textAlign: TextAlign.center,style: defaultStyle)),Padding(padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 16),child: ElevatedButton(onPressed: flutterSendAndroidData,child: const Text('Flutter端向Android端发送数据'),),),Padding(padding: const EdgeInsets.only(bottom: 16),child: ElevatedButton(onPressed: flutterGetAndroidData,child: const Text('Flutter端获取Android端数据'),),),ElevatedButton(onPressed: palsyOrPause,child: Text('暂停'),),],),),));}}
Android原生：TestByteBasicMessageChannel.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channel.channelimport android.content.Context
import android.os.Handler
import android.os.Looper
import android.util.Log
import com.google.common.io.ByteStreams
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BasicMessageChannel
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BinaryCodec
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BinaryMessenger
import java.nio.ByteBuffer
import java.nio.ByteOrder/*** BasicMessageChannel** 使用 ByteBuffer类型，对应 Flutter端的 ByteData类型*/
class TestByteBasicMessageChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger, private val context: Context) :BasicMessageChannel.MessageHandler<ByteBuffer> {private lateinit var mChannel: BasicMessageChannel<ByteBuffer>companion object {// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样private const val CHANNEL_NAME = "flutter.mix.android/byte_basic_message_channel"}init {initChannel(messenger)}/*** 初始化消息通道*/private fun initChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) {// 创建 Android端和Flutter端的，相互通信的通道// 通道名称，两端必须一致mChannel = BasicMessageChannel(messenger, CHANNEL_NAME, BinaryCodec.INSTANCE)// 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道// Flutter端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发mChannel.setMessageHandler(this)}// ========================== PUT 操作 ==========================/*** 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道** byteBuffer： Android端 接收到 Flutter端 发来的 数据对象* reply：Android端 给 Flutter端 执行回调的接口对象*/override fun onMessage(byteBuffer: ByteBuffer?, reply: BasicMessageChannel.Reply<ByteBuffer>) {// 回调结果对象// 获取Flutter端传过来的数据Log.d("TAG", "byteBuffer：$byteBuffer")// 回调接口对象，里面只有一个回调方法// reply.reply(@Nullable T reply)byteBuffer?.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder())val direct = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(byteBuffer!!.capacity())direct.put(byteBuffer)reply.reply(direct) // 返回给Flutter端Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).postDelayed({androidSendFlutterData()}, 5000)}/*** Android端 向 Flutter端 发送数据*/private fun androidSendFlutterData() {// 读取assert目录下的音频文件val fileInputStream = context.assets.open("music/di_jia_b.mp3")val targetArray = ByteStreams.toByteArray(fileInputStream)val byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(targetArray)byteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder())val direct = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(byteBuffer.capacity())direct.put(byteBuffer)mChannel.send(direct,object : BasicMessageChannel.Reply<ByteBuffer> {override fun reply(reply: ByteBuffer?) {Log.d("TAG", "reply：$reply")}})}// ========================== GET 操作 ==========================// /**
// * 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道
// *
// * byteBuffer： Android端 接收到 Flutter端 发来的 数据对象
// * reply：Android端 给 Flutter端 执行回调的接口对象
// */
// override fun onMessage(byteBuffer: ByteBuffer?, reply: BasicMessageChannel.Reply<ByteBuffer>) {
// // 读取assert目录下的音频文件
// val fileInputStream = context.assets.open("music/di_jia_b.mp3")
// val targetArray = ByteStreams.toByteArray(fileInputStream)
// val byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(targetArray)
//
// byteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder())
// val direct = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(byteBuffer.capacity())
// direct.put(byteBuffer)
// reply.reply(direct) // 返回给Flutter端
//
// Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).postDelayed({
// androidGetFlutterData()
// }, 5000)
// }
//
// /**
// * Android端 获取 Flutter端 数据
// */
// private fun androidGetFlutterData() {
// mChannel.send(null,object : BasicMessageChannel.Reply<ByteBuffer> {
//
// override fun reply(reply: ByteBuffer?) {
// // 获取Flutter端传过来的数据
// Log.d("TAG", "reply：$reply")
// }
//
// })
// }/*** 解除绑定*/fun closeChannel() {mChannel.setMessageHandler(null)}}
Android原生：MainActivity.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channelimport com.example.flutter_android_channel.channel.TestByteBasicMessageChannel
import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngineclass MainActivity : FlutterActivity() {private lateinit var testByteBasicMessageChannel: TestByteBasicMessageChanneloverride fun configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine) testByteBasicMessageChannel = TestByteBasicMessageChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger,this) }override fun onDestroy() {super.onDestroy()testByteBasicMessageChannel.closeChannel()}}
2、MethodChannel
主要应用于Flutter和Android原生之间函数相互调用，所以它提供methodName作为具体调用函数的标识，就不用像演示 BasicMessageChannel那样，需要注释代码。
默认使用的消息类型是 StandardMessageCodec。
Flutter：main_method_channel.dart
import 'dart:math';import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';void main() {runApp(const MyApp());
}class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {const MyApp({super.key});@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {return MaterialApp(debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,title: 'Flutter Demo',theme: ThemeData(colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),useMaterial3: true,),home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),);}
}/// MethodChannel
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});final String title;@overrideState<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {late MethodChannel channel;// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样static const String CHANNEL_NAME = 'flutter.mix.android/method_channel';static const String FLUTTER_SEND_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE = 'flutterSendAndroidDataNotice'; // Flutter端 向 Android端 发送数据static const String FLUTTER_GET_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE = 'flutterGetAndroidDataNotice'; // Flutter端 获取 Android端 数据static const String ANDROID_SEND_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE = 'androidSendFlutterDataNotice'; // Android端 向 Flutter端 发送数据static const String ANDROID_GET_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE = 'androidGetFlutterDataNotice'; // Android端 获取 Flutter端 数据String msgState = "默认"; // 消息传递状态@overrideinitState() {super.initState();initChannel();}/// 初始化消息通道initChannel() {channel = const MethodChannel(CHANNEL_NAME); // 创建 Flutter端和Android端的，相互通信的通道// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发channel.setMethodCallHandler(handler);}/// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道/// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发Future<dynamic> handler(MethodCall call) async {// 获取调用函数的名称final String methodName = call.method;switch (methodName) {case ANDROID_SEND_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE:{int androidCount = call.arguments['androidNum'];msgState = 'Flutter端接收Android端PUT请求成功，数据：$androidCount';setState(() {});return '$ANDROID_SEND_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE ---> success'; // 返回给Android端}case ANDROID_GET_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE:{msgState = 'Flutter端接收Android端GET请求成功，返回数据：${getRandomV()}';setState(() {});return '$ANDROID_GET_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE ---> success：${getRandomV()}'; // 返回给Android端}default:{return PlatformException(code: '-1', message: '未找到Flutter端具体实现函数', details: '具体描述'); // 返回给Android端}}}/// Flutter端 向 Android端 发送数据，PUT 操作flutterSendAndroidData() {var randomV = getRandomV();Map<String, int> map = {'flutterNum': randomV};// Android端调用Result相关回调函数后，then、catchError 会接收到channel.invokeMethod(FLUTTER_SEND_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE, map).then((value) {msgState = value;setState(() {});}).catchError((e) {if (e is MissingPluginException) {debugPrint('$FLUTTER_SEND_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE --- Error：notImplemented --- 未找到Android端具体实现函数');} else {debugPrint('$FLUTTER_SEND_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE --- Error：$e');}});}/// Flutter端 获取 Android端 数据，GET 操作flutterGetAndroidData() {// Android端调用Result相关回调函数后，then、catchError 会接收到channel.invokeMethod(FLUTTER_GET_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE).then((value) {msgState = value;setState(() {});}).catchError((e) {if (e is MissingPluginException) {debugPrint('$FLUTTER_GET_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE --- Error：notImplemented --- 未找到Android端具体实现函数');} else {debugPrint('$FLUTTER_GET_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE --- Error：$e');}});}/// 获取随机数int getRandomV() {return Random().nextInt(100); // 随机数范围(0-99)}@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {const defaultStyle = TextStyle(fontSize: 16,color: Colors.orangeAccent,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,);return Scaffold(backgroundColor: Colors.blueGrey,body: SafeArea(top: true,child: SizedBox(width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width,height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height,child: Column(mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,children: [SizedBox(width: 300,child: Text(msgState,textAlign: TextAlign.center,style: defaultStyle)),Padding(padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 16),child: ElevatedButton(onPressed: flutterSendAndroidData,child: const Text('Flutter端向Android端发送数据'),),),ElevatedButton(onPressed: flutterGetAndroidData,child: const Text('Flutter端获取Android端数据'),),],),),));}}
Android原生：TestMethodChannel.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channel.channelimport android.os.Handler
import android.os.Looper
import android.util.Log
import androidx.annotation.NonNull
import androidx.annotation.Nullable
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BinaryMessenger
import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodCall
import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodChannel
import kotlin.random.Random/*** MethodChannel*/
class TestMethodChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) : MethodChannel.MethodCallHandler {private lateinit var mChannel: MethodChannelcompanion object {// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样private const val CHANNEL_NAME = "flutter.mix.android/method_channel"private const val ANDROID_SEND_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE: String = "androidSendFlutterDataNotice" // Android端 向 Flutter端 发送数据private const val ANDROID_GET_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE: String = "androidGetFlutterDataNotice" // Android端 获取 Flutter端 数据private const val FLUTTER_SEND_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE: String = "flutterSendAndroidDataNotice" // Flutter端 向 Android端 发送数据private const val FLUTTER_GET_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE: String = "flutterGetAndroidDataNotice" // Flutter端 获取 Android端 数据}init {initChannel(messenger)}/*** 初始化消息通道*/private fun initChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) {// 创建 Android端和Flutter端的，相互通信的通道// 通道名称，两端必须一致mChannel = MethodChannel(messenger, CHANNEL_NAME)// 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道// Flutter端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发mChannel.setMethodCallHandler(this)}/*** 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道** call： Android端 接收到 Flutter端 发来的 数据对象* result：Android端 给 Flutter端 执行回调的接口对象*/override fun onMethodCall(call: MethodCall, result: MethodChannel.Result) {// 获取调用函数的名称val methodName: String = call.methodwhen (methodName) {FLUTTER_SEND_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE -> {// 回调结果对象// 获取Flutter端传过来的数据val flutterCount: Int? = call.argument<Int>("flutterNum")result.success("Android端接收Flutter端PUT请求成功，数据：$flutterCount ----> 5秒后，Android端会向Flutter端发送PUT请求")Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).postDelayed({androidSendFlutterData()}, 5000)// 回调状态接口对象，里面有三个回调方法，都可以给Flutter端返回消息// result.success(result: Any?)// result.error(errorCode: String, errorMessage: String?, errorDetails: Any?)// result.notImplemented()}FLUTTER_GET_ANDROID_DATA_NOTICE -> {result.success("Android端接收Flutter端GET请求成功，返回数据：${getRandomV()} ----> 5秒后，Android端会向Flutter端发送GET请求")Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).postDelayed({androidGetFlutterData()}, 5000)}else -> {result.notImplemented()}}}/*** Android端 向 Flutter端 发送数据，相当于 PUT 操作*/private fun androidSendFlutterData() {val map: MutableMap<String, Int> = mutableMapOf<String, Int>()map["androidNum"] = getRandomV() // 随机数范围(0-99)mChannel.invokeMethod(ANDROID_SEND_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE, map, object : MethodChannel.Result {override fun success(result: Any?) {Log.d("TAG", "$result")}override fun error(errorCode: String,errorMessage: String?,errorDetails: Any?) {Log.d("TAG", "errorCode：$errorCode --- errorMessage：$errorMessage --- errorDetails：$errorDetails")}/*** Flutter端 未实现 Android端 定义的接口方法*/override fun notImplemented() {Log.d("TAG", "notImplemented")}})}/*** Android端 获取 Flutter端 数据，相当于 GET 操作*/private fun androidGetFlutterData() {// 说一个坑，不传参数可以写null，// 但不能这样写，目前它没有这个重载方法，invokeMethod第二个参数是Object类型，所以编译器不会提示错误// mChannel.invokeMethod(ANDROID_GET_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE, object : MethodChannel.Result {// public void invokeMethod(@NonNull String method, @Nullable Object arguments)mChannel.invokeMethod(ANDROID_GET_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE, null, object : MethodChannel.Result {override fun success(result: Any?) {Log.d("TAG", "$result")}override fun error(errorCode: String,errorMessage: String?,errorDetails: Any?) {Log.d("TAG", "errorCode：$errorCode --- errorMessage：$errorMessage --- errorDetails：$errorDetails")}/*** Flutter端 未实现 Android端 定义的接口方法*/override fun notImplemented() {Log.d("TAG", "notImplemented")}})}/*** 获取随机数*/private fun getRandomV() = (0..100).random()/*** 解除绑定*/fun closeChannel() {mChannel.setMethodCallHandler(null)}}Android原生：MainActivity.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channelimport com.example.flutter_android_channel.channel.TestMethodChannel
import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngineclass MainActivity : FlutterActivity() {TestByteBasicMessageChannelprivate lateinit var testMethodChannel: TestMethodChanneloverride fun configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine)testMethodChannel = TestMethodChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger)}override fun onDestroy() {super.onDestroy()testMethodChannel.closeChannel()}}
3、EventChannel
主要应用于 原生端 向 Flutter 单向通信；
默认使用的消息类型是 StandardMessageCodec。
Flutter：main_single_event_channel.dart
import 'dart:async';import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';void main() {runApp(const MyApp());
}class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {const MyApp({super.key});@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {return MaterialApp(debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,title: 'Flutter Demo',theme: ThemeData(colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),useMaterial3: true,),home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),);}
}/// EventChannel
/// 使用方式：单向通信
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});final String title;@overrideState<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {late EventChannel channel;// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样static const String CHANNEL_NAME = 'flutter.mix.android/single_event_channel';StreamSubscription? streamSubscription;String msgState = "默认"; // 消息传递状态@overrideinitState() {super.initState();initChannel();}/// 初始化消息通道initChannel() {channel = const EventChannel(CHANNEL_NAME); // 创建 Flutter端和Android端的，相互通信的通道// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发streamSubscription = channel.receiveBroadcastStream().listen(onData, onError: onError, onDone: onDone);}/// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道/// 这几个函数就会根据情况被触发/// 响应数据onData(dynamic data) {msgState = data;setState(() {});}/// 发生异常onError(dynamic error) {msgState = error;setState(() {});}/// 流被关闭onDone() {msgState = "流被关闭";setState(() {});}@overridevoid dispose() {super.dispose();streamSubscription?.cancel();}@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {const defaultStyle = TextStyle(fontSize: 50,color: Colors.orangeAccent,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,);return Scaffold(backgroundColor: Colors.blueGrey,body: SafeArea(top: true,child: SizedBox(width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width,height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height,child: Column(mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,children: [SizedBox(width: 300,child: Text(msgState,textAlign: TextAlign.center, style: defaultStyle)),],),),));}
}
Android原生：TestSingleEventChannel.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channel.channelimport android.os.CountDownTimer
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BinaryMessenger
import io.flutter.plugin.common.EventChannel/*** EventChannel** 使用方式：单向通信*/
class TestSingleEventChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) : EventChannel.StreamHandler {private lateinit var mChannel: EventChannelcompanion object {// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样private const val CHANNEL_NAME = "flutter.mix.android/single_event_channel"}init {initChannel(messenger)}/*** 初始化消息通道*/private fun initChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) {// 创建 Android端和Flutter端的，相互通信的通道// 通道名称，两端必须一致mChannel = EventChannel(messenger, CHANNEL_NAME)// 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道// Flutter端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发mChannel.setStreamHandler(this)}private var count: Int = 10override fun onListen(arguments: Any?, events: EventChannel.EventSink?) {// 一共10秒，每隔1秒执行一次object : CountDownTimer(10000, 1000) {override fun onTick(millisUntilFinished: Long) {// 还剩下多少秒，依次为2000、1000、0if (millisUntilFinished == 0L) {cancel()}events?.success("${count--}")}override fun onFinish() { // 结束后的操作events?.success("${count--}")}}.start()// 给Flutter端返回消息// events?.endOfStream()// events?.success(event: Any?)// events?.error(errorCode: String?, errorMessage: String?, errorDetails: Any?)// events?.endOfStream() // 流结束}override fun onCancel(arguments: Any?) {}/*** 解除绑定*/fun closeChannel() {mChannel.setStreamHandler(null)}}Android原生：MainActivity.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channelimport com.example.flutter_android_channel.channel.TestSingleEventChannel
import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngineclass MainActivity : FlutterActivity() {private lateinit var testSingleEventChannel : TestSingleEventChanneloverride fun configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine)testSingleEventChannel = TestSingleEventChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger)}override fun onDestroy() {super.onDestroy()testSingleEventChannel.closeChannel()}}
怀疑
- 它用到Stream，流在开发中，代表一连串数据，主要应用在传输文件，比如IO流；
- EventChannel.EventSink，它提供的那些函数名，一看就是返回操作，既然是返回，就需要前置条件，比如接收到请求；
- BinaryMessenger.send(String channel, ByteData? message)，我找到了方法，传输的数据类型是ByteData，结合前两项，逻辑通了，那是否意味着Flutter可以使用EventChannel主动向原生端发送请求？
1.0 撸起袖子，开始干
Flutter一切正常，成功发送数据，且Android原生也成功接收到数据，但遇到了解析异常；
17:53:44.737 E Uncaught exception in binary message listenerjava.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Message corruptedat io.flutter.plugin.common.StandardMessageCodec.readValueOfType(StandardMessageCodec.java:450)at io.flutter.plugin.common.StandardMessageCodec.readValue(StandardMessageCodec.java:340)at io.flutter.plugin.common.StandardMethodCodec.decodeMethodCall(StandardMethodCodec.java:48)at io.flutter.plugin.common.EventChannel$IncomingStreamRequestHandler.onMessage(EventChannel.java:195)at io.flutter.embedding.engine.dart.DartMessenger.invokeHandler(DartMessenger.java:295)at io.flutter.embedding.engine.dart.DartMessenger.lambda$dispatchMessageToQueue$0$io-flutter-embedding-engine-dart-DartMessenger(DartMessenger.java:322)at io.flutter.embedding.engine.dart.DartMessenger$$ExternalSyntheticLambda0.run(Unknown Source:12)at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:942)at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)at android.os.Looper.loopOnce(Looper.java:201)at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:288)at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7872)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:548)at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:936)1.1 异常分析
这个异常是在原生端触发的，默认使用的消息类型是 StandardMessageCodec，它的父类是MethodCodec抽象类，目前没有可以解析 ByteBuffer的子类，这就很矛盾，发送成功，接收成功，但不支持解析，于是我抱着侥幸的心态，跑去问官方，看看是不是我使用的方式不对。
StandardMessageCodec.java 中的数据解析方法；
@Nullableprotected Object readValueOfType(byte type, @NonNull ByteBuffer buffer) {final Object result;switch (type) {case NULL:result = null;break;case TRUE:result = true;break;case FALSE:result = false;break;case INT:result = buffer.getInt();break;case LONG:result = buffer.getLong();break;case BIGINT:{final byte[] hex = readBytes(buffer);result = new BigInteger(new String(hex, UTF8), 16);break;}case DOUBLE:readAlignment(buffer, 8);result = buffer.getDouble();break;case STRING:{final byte[] bytes = readBytes(buffer);result = new String(bytes, UTF8);break;}case BYTE_ARRAY:{result = readBytes(buffer);break;}case INT_ARRAY:{final int length = readSize(buffer);final int[] array = new int[length];readAlignment(buffer, 4);buffer.asIntBuffer().get(array);result = array;buffer.position(buffer.position() + 4 * length);break;}case LONG_ARRAY:{final int length = readSize(buffer);final long[] array = new long[length];readAlignment(buffer, 8);buffer.asLongBuffer().get(array);result = array;buffer.position(buffer.position() + 8 * length);break;}case DOUBLE_ARRAY:{final int length = readSize(buffer);final double[] array = new double[length];readAlignment(buffer, 8);buffer.asDoubleBuffer().get(array);result = array;buffer.position(buffer.position() + 8 * length);break;}case LIST:{final int size = readSize(buffer);final List<Object> list = new ArrayList<>(size);for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {list.add(readValue(buffer));}result = list;break;}case MAP:{final int size = readSize(buffer);final Map<Object, Object> map = new HashMap<>();for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {map.put(readValue(buffer), readValue(buffer));}result = map;break;}case FLOAT_ARRAY:{final int length = readSize(buffer);final float[] array = new float[length];readAlignment(buffer, 4);buffer.asFloatBuffer().get(array);result = array;buffer.position(buffer.position() + 4 * length);break;}default:throw new IllegalArgumentException("Message corrupted");}return result;}1.2 Flutter官方回复
这是Git问题地址：https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/141876
这是回复，我翻译成中文。
问题：那么EventChannel只能用于与flutter进行原生单向通信吗？
答复：是的。
问题：如果是这样，为什么Flutter EventChannel提供了channel.binaryMessenger.send方法和channel.binaryMessenger.setMessageHandler监听
答复：事实并非如此； 这些是 BinaryMessenger 上的方法。 BinaryMessenger 是 EventChannel 构建的较低级别构造，这就是它采用二进制信使作为构造函数参数的原因。
问题：还是我的使用方式有问题？
答复：是的。 您试图绕过 EventChannel 抽象并发送您自己的原始二进制消息，这些消息不符合 EventChannel 使用二进制消息传递程序的方式，因此您收到的崩溃是预期的结果。
如果您想要发送自己的原始二进制消息，那么您需要使用自己的通道，而不是 EventChannel。
好了，不用纠结了，官方实锤 EventChannel 只能由 原生端 向 Flutter 单向通信。
别的不说，这官方回复问题的效率是真高。
Flutter：main_bilateral_event_channel.dart
import 'dart:async';import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';void main() {runApp(const MyApp());
}class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {const MyApp({super.key});@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {return MaterialApp(debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,title: 'Flutter Demo',theme: ThemeData(colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),useMaterial3: true,),home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),);}
}/// EventChannel
/// 使用方式：尝试双向通信，但失败
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});final String title;@overrideState<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {late EventChannel channel;// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样static const String CHANNEL_NAME = 'flutter.mix.android/bilateral_event_channel';StreamSubscription? streamSubscription;String msgState = "默认"; // 消息传递状态@overrideinitState() {super.initState();initChannel();}/// 初始化消息通道initChannel() {// channel = EventChannel(CHANNEL_NAME, CustomizeStandardMethodCodec());channel = const EventChannel(CHANNEL_NAME); // 创建 Flutter端和Android端的，相互通信的通道// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发streamSubscription = channel.receiveBroadcastStream().listen(onData, onError: onError, onDone: onDone);}/// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道/// 这几个函数就会根据情况被触发/// 响应数据onData(dynamic data) {msgState = data;setState(() {});}/// 发生异常onError(dynamic error) {msgState = error;setState(() {});}/// 流被关闭onDone() {msgState = "流被关闭";setState(() {});}/// Flutter端 向 Android端 发送数据，相当于 PUT 操作flutterSendAndroidData() async {final byteData = await rootBundle.load('assets/music/di_jia_a.mp3');channel.binaryMessenger.send(CHANNEL_NAME, byteData);}@overridevoid dispose() {super.dispose();streamSubscription?.cancel();}@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {const defaultStyle = TextStyle(fontSize: 30,color: Colors.orangeAccent,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,);return Scaffold(backgroundColor: Colors.blueGrey,body: SafeArea(top: true,child: SizedBox(width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width,height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height,child: Column(mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,children: [Padding(padding: const EdgeInsets.only(bottom: 16),child: SizedBox(width: 300,child: Text(msgState,textAlign: TextAlign.center, style: defaultStyle)),),ElevatedButton(onPressed: flutterSendAndroidData,child: const Text('发送',style: TextStyle(fontSize: 20)),)],),),));}
}
Android原生：TestBilateralEventChannel.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channel.channelimport android.util.Log
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BinaryMessenger
import io.flutter.plugin.common.EventChannel/*** EventChannel** 使用方式：尝试双向通信，但失败*/
class TestBilateralEventChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) : EventChannel.StreamHandler {private lateinit var mChannel: EventChannelcompanion object {// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样private const val CHANNEL_NAME = "flutter.mix.android/bilateral_event_channel"}init {initChannel(messenger)}/*** 初始化消息通道*/private fun initChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) {// 创建 Android端和Flutter端的，相互通信的通道// 通道名称，两端必须一致mChannel = EventChannel(messenger, CHANNEL_NAME)// 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道// Flutter端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发mChannel.setStreamHandler(this)}override fun onListen(arguments: Any?, events: EventChannel.EventSink?) {Log.d("TAG","arguments：$arguments")}override fun onCancel(arguments: Any?) {}/*** 解除绑定*/fun closeChannel() {mChannel.setStreamHandler(null)}}Android原生：MainActivity.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channelimport com.example.flutter_android_channel.channel.TestBilateralEventChannel
import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngineclass MainActivity : FlutterActivity() {private lateinit var testBilateralEventChannel: TestBilateralEventChanneloverride fun configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine)testBilateralEventChannel = TestBilateralEventChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger)}override fun onDestroy() {super.onDestroy()testBilateralEventChannel.closeChannel()}}
4、不同的Channel配合使用
不同的Channel针对不同的应用场景，实际开发中，根据业务需求会相互配合使用；
BasicMessageChannel 和 MethodChannel 一起配合使用，使用BasicMessageChannel 传输数据，传输完成后，调用 MethodChannel 向Flutter发送消息。
Flutter：main_mix_use_channel.dart
import 'dart:math';import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';void main() {runApp(const MyApp());
}class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {const MyApp({super.key});@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {return MaterialApp(debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,title: 'Flutter Demo',theme: ThemeData(colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),useMaterial3: true,),home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),);}
}/// BasicMessageChannel + MethodChannel 一起配合使用
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});final String title;@overrideState<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {late BasicMessageChannel mBasicMessageChannel;late MethodChannel mMethodChannel;// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样static const String MIX_BASIC_MESSAGE_CHANNEL_NAME = 'flutter.mix.android/mix_json_basic_message_channel';static const String MIX_METHOD_CHANNEL_NAME = 'flutter.mix.android/mix_method_channel';static const String ANDROID_SEND_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE = 'androidSendFlutterDataNotice'; // Android端 向 Flutter端 发送数据String msgState = "默认"; // 消息传递状态@overrideinitState() {super.initState();initChannel();}/// 初始化消息通道initChannel() {// 创建 Flutter端和Android端的，相互通信的通道mBasicMessageChannel = const BasicMessageChannel(MIX_BASIC_MESSAGE_CHANNEL_NAME,JSONMessageCodec());mMethodChannel = const MethodChannel(MIX_METHOD_CHANNEL_NAME);// 监听来自 Android端 的消息通道// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发mBasicMessageChannel.setMessageHandler(messageHandler);mMethodChannel.setMethodCallHandler(methodHandler);}/// 监听来自 Android端 的 BasicMessageChannel 消息通道/// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发Future<dynamic> messageHandler(dynamic message) async {}/// 监听来自 Android端 的 MethodChannel 消息通道/// Android端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发Future<dynamic> methodHandler(MethodCall call) async {// 获取调用函数的名称final String methodName = call.method;switch (methodName) {case ANDROID_SEND_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE:{int androidCount = call.arguments['androidNum'];msgState = 'Flutter端接收Android端请求成功，数据：$androidCount';setState(() {});return '$ANDROID_SEND_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE ---> success'; // 返回给Android端}default:{return PlatformException(code: '-1', message: '未找到Flutter端具体实现函数', details: '具体描述'); // 返回给Android端}}}/// Flutter端 向 Android端 发送数据，PUT 操作flutterSendAndroidData() {var randomV = getRandomV();Map<String, int> map = {'flutterNum': randomV};// Android端调用Reply相关回调函数后，then、catchError 会接收到mBasicMessageChannel.send(map).then((value) {var flutterNum = value['flutterNum'];msgState = 'Android端接收Flutter端请求成功，数据：$flutterNum ----> 5秒后，Android端会向Flutter端发送请求';setState(() {});}).catchError((e) {if (e is MissingPluginException) {debugPrint('flutterSendAndroidDataNotice --- Error：notImplemented --- 未找到Android端具体实现函数');} else {debugPrint('flutterSendAndroidDataNotice --- Error：$e');}});}/// 获取随机数int getRandomV() {return Random().nextInt(100); // 随机数范围(0-99)}@overrideWidget build(BuildContext context) {const defaultStyle = TextStyle(fontSize: 16,color: Colors.orangeAccent,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,);return Scaffold(backgroundColor: Colors.blueGrey,body: SafeArea(top: true,child: SizedBox(width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width,height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height,child: Column(mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,children: [SizedBox(width: 300,child: Text(msgState,textAlign: TextAlign.center,style: defaultStyle)),Padding(padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 16),child: ElevatedButton(onPressed: flutterSendAndroidData,child: const Text('Flutter端向Android端发送数据'),),)],),),));}}
Android原生：TestMixUseChannel.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channel.channelimport android.os.Handler
import android.os.Looper
import android.util.Log
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BasicMessageChannel
import io.flutter.plugin.common.BinaryMessenger
import io.flutter.plugin.common.JSONMessageCodec
import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodCall
import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodChannel
import org.json.JSONException
import org.json.JSONObject/*** BasicMessageChannel + MethodChannel 一起配合使用**/
class TestMixUseChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) : BasicMessageChannel.MessageHandler<Any>,MethodChannel.MethodCallHandler {private lateinit var mBasicMessageChannel: BasicMessageChannel<Any>private lateinit var mMethodChannel: MethodChannelcompanion object {// Android原生View 在Flutter引擎上注册的唯一标识，在Flutter端使用时必须一样private const val MIX_BASIC_MESSAGE_CHANNEL_NAME = "flutter.mix.android/mix_json_basic_message_channel"private const val MIX_METHOD_CHANNEL_NAME = "flutter.mix.android/mix_method_channel"private const val ANDROID_SEND_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE: String = "androidSendFlutterDataNotice" // Android端 向 Flutter端 发送数据}init {initChannel(messenger)}/*** 初始化消息通道*/private fun initChannel(messenger: BinaryMessenger) {// 创建 Android端和Flutter端的，相互通信的通道// 通道名称，两端必须一致mBasicMessageChannel = BasicMessageChannel(messenger, MIX_BASIC_MESSAGE_CHANNEL_NAME, JSONMessageCodec.INSTANCE)mMethodChannel = MethodChannel(messenger, MIX_METHOD_CHANNEL_NAME)// 监听来自 Flutter端 的消息通道// Flutter端调用了函数，这个handler函数就会被触发mBasicMessageChannel.setMessageHandler(this)mMethodChannel.setMethodCallHandler(this)}/*** 监听来自 Flutter端 的 BasicMessageChannel 消息通道** message： Android端 接收到 Flutter端 发来的 数据对象* reply：Android端 给 Flutter端 执行回调的接口对象*/override fun onMessage(message: Any?, reply: BasicMessageChannel.Reply<Any>) {// 回调结果对象// 获取Flutter端传过来的数据val flutterCount = getMap(message.toString())?.get("flutterNum")Log.d("TAG", "flutterCount：$flutterCount")// 回调状态接口对象，里面只有一个回调方法// reply.reply(@Nullable T reply)reply.reply(message) // 返回给Flutter端Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).postDelayed({androidSendFlutterData()}, 5000)}/*** 监听来自 Flutter端 的 MethodChannel 消息通道** call： Android端 接收到 Flutter端 发来的 数据对象* result：Android端 给 Flutter端 执行回调的接口对象*/override fun onMethodCall(call: MethodCall, result: MethodChannel.Result) {}/*** Android端 向 Flutter端 发送数据，相当于 PUT 操作*/private fun androidSendFlutterData() {val map: MutableMap<String, Int> = mutableMapOf<String, Int>()map["androidNum"] = getRandomV() // 随机数范围(0-99)mMethodChannel.invokeMethod(ANDROID_SEND_FLUTTER_DATA_NOTICE, map, object : MethodChannel.Result {override fun success(result: Any?) {Log.d("TAG", "$result")}override fun error(errorCode: String,errorMessage: String?,errorDetails: Any?) {Log.d("TAG", "errorCode：$errorCode --- errorMessage：$errorMessage --- errorDetails：$errorDetails")}/*** Flutter端 未实现 Android端 定义的接口方法*/override fun notImplemented() {Log.d("TAG", "notImplemented")}})}/*** 解除绑定*/fun closeChannel() {mBasicMessageChannel.setMessageHandler(null)mMethodChannel.setMethodCallHandler(null)}/*** 获取随机数*/private fun getRandomV() = (0..100).random()/*** Json 转 Map*/private fun getMap(jsonString: String?): HashMap<String, Any>? {val jsonObject: JSONObjecttry {jsonObject = JSONObject(jsonString)val keyIter: Iterator<String> = jsonObject.keys()var key: Stringvar value: Anyvar valueMap = HashMap<String, Any>()while (keyIter.hasNext()) {key = keyIter.next()value = jsonObject[key] as AnyvalueMap[key] = value}return valueMap} catch (e: JSONException) {e.printStackTrace()}return null}}Android原生：MainActivity.kt
package com.example.flutter_android_channelimport com.example.flutter_android_channel.channel.TestMixUseChannelimport io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngineclass MainActivity : FlutterActivity() {private lateinit var testMixUseChannel: TestMixUseChanneloverride fun configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine)testMixUseChannel = TestMixUseChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger)}override fun onDestroy() {super.onDestroy()testMixUseChannel.closeChannel()}}
5、执行线程
都试了一遍，目前这些Channel都只能在主线程执行。
// Android原生// 测试在子线程执行
Thread {androidSendFlutterData()
}.start()Process: com.example.flutter_android_channel, PID: 5776java.lang.RuntimeException: Methods marked with @UiThread must be executed on the main thread. Current thread: Thread-4at io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterJNI.ensureRunningOnMainThread(FlutterJNI.java:1496)at io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterJNI.dispatchPlatformMessage(FlutterJNI.java:1103)at io.flutter.embedding.engine.dart.DartMessenger.send(DartMessenger.java:282)at io.flutter.embedding.engine.dart.DartExecutor$DefaultBinaryMessenger.send(DartExecutor.java:470)at io.flutter.plugin.common.BasicMessageChannel.send(BasicMessageChannel.java:105)at com.example.flutter_android_channel.channel.TestJsonBasicMessageChannel.androidSendFlutterData(TestJsonBasicMessageChannel.kt:80)at com.example.flutter_android_channel.channel.TestJsonBasicMessageChannel.onMessage$lambda-1$lambda-0(TestJsonBasicMessageChannel.kt:68)at com.example.flutter_android_channel.channel.TestJsonBasicMessageChannel.$r8$lambda$vHbhJxL-HBJ37W1nuB2sJQfndKs(Unknown Source:0)at com.example.flutter_android_channel.channel.TestJsonBasicMessageChannel$$ExternalSyntheticLambda1.run(Unknown Source:2)6、总结
BasicMessageChannel主要应用于：传输数据；
MethodChannel主要应用于：通过函数处理业务逻辑；
EventChannel主要应用于：一些只能由原生端API才能完成的操作，处理完后发送给Flutter；
双向通信：BasicMessageChannel 和 MethodChannel；
单向通信：EventChannel。
7、源码地址
https://github.com/LanSeLianMa/flutter_android_channel
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