Docker ❀ 构建Docker仓库Harbor过程详解（配置文件全参解析注释）

1、安装底层版本要求

• Python 2.7或更高版本
• Docker 1.10或更高版本
• Docker Compose 1.6.0或更高版本

Docker Compose下载URL：https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/
点击此处进行跳转下载

此处附带本人使用的Docker Compose安装包，百度网盘下载链接如下：

• 链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1IdnR0v3EgL0lOuBgV2hCdw
• 提取码：4t8r

[root@localhost ~]# curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.1/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m) -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

检查部署底层要求版本是否符合

[root@localhost ~]# python3 --version
Python 3.6.8
[root@localhost ~]# docker --version
Docker version 20.10.8, build 3967b7d
[root@localhost ~]# docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.24.1, build 4667896b

2、安装Harbor

Harbor下载URL：https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases
点击此处进行跳转下载

此处附带本人使用的Harbor安装包，百度网盘下载链接如下：

• 链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1zXm2y_sv6t7S_U-lXD8dqg
• 提取码：5o2c

（1）校验文件

[root@localhost ~]# md5sum harbor-offline-installer-v1.10.1.tgz 
e9ccca33e9a25b6b64425943c06f5fe6  harbor-offline-installer-v1.10.1.tgz

（2）创建私钥文件、证书请求文件、证书文件

使用算法3DES生成大小为2048的秘钥文件KEY

[root@localhost harbor]# openssl genrsa -des
-des   -des3
[root@localhost ~]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus (2 primes)
.....................................................................................................+++++
...............+++++
e is 65537 (0x010001)
Enter pass phrase for server.key:redhat
Verifying - Enter pass phrase for server.key:redhat

生成根证书请求文件CSR

[root@localhost ~]# openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
Enter pass phrase for server.key:
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:BJ     
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BJ
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:AAA
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:BBB
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:CCC
Email Address []:qq.comPlease enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:nsfocus        /不需要修改密码，此处直接回车即可；
An optional company name []:nsfocus    /不需要修改密码，此处直接回车即可；

备份私钥文件

[root@localhost ~]# cp server.key server.key.org
[root@localhost ~]# openssl rsa -in server.key.org -out server.key
Enter pass phrase for server.key.org:nsfocus
writing RSA key

生成根证书CA

[root@localhost ~]# openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt
Signature ok
subject=C = CN, ST = BJ, L = BJ, O = AAA, OU = BBB, CN = CCC, emailAddress = qq.com
Getting Private key

参数详解：

• -new：表示生成一个新的证书签署请求；
• -x509：专用于生成CA自签证书；
• -key：指定生成证书用到的私钥文件；
• -out FILNAME：指定生成的证书的保存路径；
• -days：指定证书的有效期限，单位为day，默认是365天；

查看证书信息

[root@localhost harbor]# openssl x509 -in /data/cert/server.crt -noout -serial -dates -subject
serial=18C7ED02FEEEE804C2557DEA151EE2EE7748DA68
notBefore=Oct 26 13:57:09 2021 GMT
notAfter=Oct 26 13:57:09 2022 GMT
subject=C = CN, ST = BJ, L = BJ, O = AAA, OU = BBB, CN = CCC, emailAddress = qq.com

创建证书存放目录与修改权限

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data/cert -pv
[root@localhost ~]# mv server.* /data/cert/
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 777 /data/cert/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /data/cert/
[root@localhost cert]# ll
total 16
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 1220 Oct 26 21:57 server.crt
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 1005 Oct 26 21:52 server.csr
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 1679 Oct 26 21:55 server.key
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 1751 Oct 26 21:54 server.key.org

（3）修改Harbor配置文件

[root@localhost cert]# cd harbor/
[root@localhost harbor]# ll
total 662128
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root        20 Oct 26 22:36 common
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      3398 Feb 10  2020 common.sh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      5346 Oct 26 22:50 docker-compose.yml
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 677974489 Feb 10  2020 harbor.v1.10.1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      5878 Oct 26 22:50 harbor.yml
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      2284 Feb 10  2020 install.sh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     11347 Feb 10  2020 LICENSE
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      1749 Feb 10  2020 prepare

Harbor配置文件参数详解（重点）

[root@localhost harbor]# vim harbor.yml
# Configuration file of Harbor
# Harbor的配置文件# The IP address or hostname to access admin UI and registry service.
# 配置访问管理UI和注册表服务的IP地址或主机名
# DO NOT use localhost or 127.0.0.1, because Harbor needs to be accessed by external clients.
# 不要使用localhost或127.0.0.1，因为Harbor需要被外部客户端访问
hostname: 10.81.20.166-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# http related config
# http相关配置
http:# port for http, default is 80. If https enabled, this port will redirect to https port# 若https端口开启，此端口重定向至https端口port: 80-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# https related config
# https相关配置
https:# https port for harbor, default is 443port: 443# The path of cert and key files for nginx# nginx的cert和key文件路径certificate: /data/cert/server.crtprivate_key: /data/cert/server.key# Uncomment external_url if you want to enable external proxy
# 取消注释external_url，如果你想启用外部代理
# And when it enabled the hostname will no longer used
# 当它启用时，主机名将不再使用
# external_url: https://reg.mydomain.com:8433# The initial password of Harbor admin
# Harbour admin的初始密码
# It only works in first time to install harbor
# 只有在第一次安装时有效
# Remember Change the admin password from UI after launching Harbor.
# 请记住在启动Harbor UI后更改admin登录密码
harbor_admin_password: Harbor12345-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Harbor DB configuration
# Harbor数据库配置
database:# The password for the root user of Harbor DB. Change this before any production use.password: root123# The maximum number of connections in the idle connection pool. If it <=0, no idle connections are retained.max_idle_conns: 50# The maximum number of open connections to the database. If it <= 0, then there is no limit on the number of open connections.# Note: the default number of connections is 100 for postgres.max_open_conns: 100# The default data volume
# 默认数据卷路径
data_volume: /data# Harbor Storage settings by default is using /data dir on local filesystem
# Uncomment storage_service setting If you want to using external storage
# 设置外部存储则取消下面配置注释
# storage_service:#   # ca_bundle is the path to the custom root ca certificate, which will be injected into the truststore
# 自定义CA根证书的路径
#   # of registry's and chart repository's containers.  This is usually needed when the user hosts a internal storage with self signed certificate.
#   ca_bundle:#   # storage backend, default is filesystem, options include filesystem, azure, gcs, s3, swift and oss
# 存储后端的文件系统选项有azure, gcs, s3, swift, oss
#   # for more info about this configuration please refer 
https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/
#   filesystem:
#     maxthreads: 100
#   # set disable to true when you want to disable registry redirect
# 禁用注册表重定向需要将下面修改为true
#   redirect:
#     disabled: false-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Clair configuration
clair:# The interval of clair updaters, the unit is hour, set to 0 to disable the updaters.# clair更新时间间隔，单位为小时，0表示禁用updaters_interval: 12jobservice:# Maximum number of job workers in job service# 最大工作连接数max_job_workers: 10notification:# Maximum retry count for webhook job# 最大重试次数webhook_job_max_retry: 10chart:# Change the value of absolute_url to enabled can enable absolute url in chart# 将absolute_url的值更改为enabled可以在图表中启用绝对urlabsolute_url: disabled-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Log configurations
# 日志配置
log:# options are debug, info, warning, error, fatal# 选项有:调试、信息、警告、错误、致命level: info# configs for logs in local storage # 配置本地存储的日志local:# Log files are rotated log_rotate_count times before being removed. If count is 0, old versions are removed rather than rotated.# 日志文件在被删除之前会被旋转log_rotate_count次。如果count为0，则删除旧版本，而不是旋转旧版本。rotate_count: 50# Log files are rotated only if they grow bigger than log_rotate_size bytes. If size is followed by k, the size is assumed to be in kilobytes.# If the M is used, the size is in megabytes, and if G is used, the size is in gigabytes. So size 100, size 100k, size 100M and size 100G# are all valid.rotate_size: 200M# The directory on your host that store log# 存储日志的主机上的目录location: /var/log/harbor# Uncomment following lines to enable external syslog endpoint.# 取消注释以下行以启用外部syslog端点。# external_endpoint:#   # protocol used to transmit log to external endpoint, options is tcp or udp# 用于向外部终端发送日志的协议，选项为TCP或udp#   protocol: tcp#   # The host of external endpoint# 外部端点的主机#   host: localhost#   # Port of external endpoint# 外部端点的端口#   port: 5140#This attribute is for migrator to detect the version of the .cfg file, DO NOT MODIFY!
#这个属性是用来检测。cfg文件的版本的，不要修改!
_version: 1.10.0# Uncomment external_database if using external database.
# 如果使用外部数据库，取消注释external_database。
# external_database:
#   harbor:
#     host: harbor_db_host
#     port: harbor_db_port
#     db_name: harbor_db_name
#     username: harbor_db_username
#     password: harbor_db_password
#     ssl_mode: disable
#     max_idle_conns: 2
#     max_open_conns: 0
#   clair:
#     host: clair_db_host
#     port: clair_db_port
#     db_name: clair_db_name
#     username: clair_db_username
#     password: clair_db_password
#     ssl_mode: disable
#   notary_signer:
#     host: notary_signer_db_host
#     port: notary_signer_db_port
#     db_name: notary_signer_db_name
#     username: notary_signer_db_username
#     password: notary_signer_db_password
#     ssl_mode: disable
#   notary_server:
#     host: notary_server_db_host
#     port: notary_server_db_port
#     db_name: notary_server_db_name
#     username: notary_server_db_username
#     password: notary_server_db_password
#     ssl_mode: disable# Uncomment external_redis if using external Redis server
# 如果使用外部Redis服务器，取消注释external_redis
# external_redis:
#   host: redis
#   port: 6379
#   password:
#   # db_index 0 is for core, it's unchangeable
#   registry_db_index: 1
#   jobservice_db_index: 2
#   chartmuseum_db_index: 3
#   clair_db_index: 4# Uncomment uaa for trusting the certificate of uaa instance that is hosted via self-signed cert.
# 取消对uaa的注释，因为它信任通过自签名证书托管的uaa实例的证书。
# uaa:
#   ca_file: /path/to/ca# Global proxy
# 全球代理
# Config http proxy for components, e.g. http://my.proxy.com:3128
# Components doesn't need to connect to each others via http proxy.
# Remove component from `components` array if want disable proxy
# for it. If you want use proxy for replication, MUST enable proxy
# for core and jobservice, and set `http_proxy` and `https_proxy`.
# Add domain to the `no_proxy` field, when you want disable proxy
# for some special registry.
proxy:http_proxy:https_proxy:# no_proxy endpoints will appended to 127.0.0.1,localhost,.local,.internal,log,db,redis,nginx,core,portal,postgresql,jobservice,registry,registryctl,clair,chartmuseum,notary-serverno_proxy:components:- core- jobservice- clair

执行安装操作

[root@localhost harbor]# ./install.sh [Step 0]: checking if docker is installed ...Note: docker version: 20.10.8[Step 1]: checking docker-compose is installed ...Note: docker-compose version: 1.24.1[Step 2]: loading Harbor images ...
Loaded image: goharbor/clair-adapter-photon:v1.0.1-v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-jobservice:v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/redis-photon:v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/notary-server-photon:v0.6.1-v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/clair-photon:v2.1.1-v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-log:v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/registry-photon:v2.7.1-patch-2819-2553-v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/notary-signer-photon:v0.6.1-v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/chartmuseum-photon:v0.9.0-v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-registryctl:v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/nginx-photon:v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-migrator:v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/prepare:v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-portal:v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-core:v1.10.1
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-db:v1.10.1[Step 3]: preparing environment ...[Step 4]: preparing harbor configs ...
prepare base dir is set to /root/harbor
Clearing the configuration file: /config/log/logrotate.conf
Clearing the configuration file: /config/log/rsyslog_docker.conf
Clearing the configuration file: /config/nginx/nginx.conf
Clearing the configuration file: /config/core/env
Clearing the configuration file: /config/core/app.conf
Clearing the configuration file: /config/registry/config.yml
Clearing the configuration file: /config/registry/root.crt
Clearing the configuration file: /config/registryctl/env
Clearing the configuration file: /config/registryctl/config.yml
Clearing the configuration file: /config/db/env
Clearing the configuration file: /config/jobservice/env
Clearing the configuration file: /config/jobservice/config.yml
Generated configuration file: /config/log/logrotate.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/log/rsyslog_docker.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/nginx/nginx.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/core/env
Generated configuration file: /config/core/app.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/registry/config.yml
Generated configuration file: /config/registryctl/env
Generated configuration file: /config/db/env
Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/env
Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/config.yml
loaded secret from file: /secret/keys/secretkey
Generated configuration file: /compose_location/docker-compose.yml
Clean up the input dirNote: stopping existing Harbor instance ...
Stopping harbor-jobservice ... done
Stopping harbor-log        ... done
Removing harbor-jobservice ... done
Removing nginx             ... done
Removing harbor-core       ... done
Removing registry          ... done
Removing registryctl       ... done
Removing harbor-db         ... done
Removing harbor-portal     ... done
Removing redis             ... done
Removing harbor-log        ... done
Removing network harbor_harbor[Step 5]: starting Harbor ...
Creating network "harbor_harbor" with the default driver
Creating harbor-log ... done
Creating redis         ... done
Creating harbor-portal ... done
Creating registryctl   ... done
Creating harbor-db     ... done
Creating registry      ... done
Creating harbor-core   ... done
Creating nginx             ... done
Creating harbor-jobservice ... done
✔ ----Harbor has been installed and started successfully.----

查看容器信息

[root@localhost harbor]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                                                     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                    PORTS                                                                                NAMES
2de6fb4348a2   goharbor/harbor-jobservice:v1.10.1                        "/harbor/harbor_jobs…"   46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes (healthy)                                                                                        harbor-jobservice
3d39a150124f   goharbor/nginx-photon:v1.10.1                             "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes (healthy)   0.0.0.0:8003->8080/tcp, :::8003->8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443->8443/tcp, :::443->8443/tcp   nginx
c4cb2d9fc8c8   goharbor/harbor-core:v1.10.1                              "/harbor/harbor_core"    46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes (healthy)                                                                                        harbor-core
ab1601c5b8a9   goharbor/registry-photon:v2.7.1-patch-2819-2553-v1.10.1   "/home/harbor/entryp…"   46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes (healthy)   5000/tcp                                                                             registry
b86b53dbe902   goharbor/harbor-registryctl:v1.10.1                       "/home/harbor/start.…"   46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes (healthy)                                                                                        registryctl
5aaa8801f32d   goharbor/harbor-db:v1.10.1                                "/docker-entrypoint.…"   46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes (healthy)   5432/tcp                                                                             harbor-db
7b906e109223   goharbor/harbor-portal:v1.10.1                            "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes (healthy)   8080/tcp                                                                             harbor-portal
cd729f5779c5   goharbor/redis-photon:v1.10.1                             "redis-server /etc/r…"   46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes (healthy)   6379/tcp                                                                             redis
0e0c6c2cb8d0   goharbor/harbor-log:v1.10.1                               "/bin/sh -c /usr/loc…"   46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes (healthy)   127.0.0.1:1514->10514/tcp                                                            harbor-log

（4）使用浏览器访问站点

此处访问为配置文件内定义的hostname，需要根据环境进行区分

• 登录URL：https://10.81.20.166
• 登录账户：admin/Harbor12345（若配置文件修改则使用自定义密码登录）

登录成功界面如下：

（5）上传镜像至Harbor

点击某个需要上传的项目名称

点击[镜像仓库]，可以查看到“推送镜像的docker命令”，可以直接复制并修改此两条命令即可

指定镜像仓库地址

[root@localhost harbor]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json 
{"insecure-registries": ["10.81.20.166"]
}

重启docker服务

[root@localhost harbor]# systemctl restart docker

确保下面的容器是否开启成功，部分容器重启服务不会自启动，导致服务端口不可达

[root@localhost harbor]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                                                     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS                   PORTS                                                                                NAMES
78db75f19def   goharbor/harbor-jobservice:v1.10.1                        "/harbor/harbor_jobs…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes (healthy)                                                                                        harbor-jobservice
5c7a0713fcba   goharbor/nginx-photon:v1.10.1                             "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes (healthy)   0.0.0.0:8003->8080/tcp, :::8003->8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443->8443/tcp, :::443->8443/tcp   nginx
38f93397e143   goharbor/harbor-core:v1.10.1                              "/harbor/harbor_core"    4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes (healthy)                                                                                        harbor-core
b74d02970546   goharbor/registry-photon:v2.7.1-patch-2819-2553-v1.10.1   "/home/harbor/entryp…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes (healthy)   5000/tcp                                                                             registry
245f015d8c91   goharbor/harbor-db:v1.10.1                                "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes (healthy)   5432/tcp                                                                             harbor-db
46bbe79a972e   goharbor/harbor-registryctl:v1.10.1                       "/home/harbor/start.…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes (healthy)                                                                                        registryctl
a61ec9d2dcd7   goharbor/redis-photon:v1.10.1                             "redis-server /etc/r…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes (healthy)   6379/tcp                                                                             redis
6982dc6079c2   goharbor/harbor-portal:v1.10.1                            "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes (healthy)   8080/tcp                                                                             harbor-portal
0e52d040fff9   goharbor/harbor-log:v1.10.1                               "/bin/sh -c /usr/loc…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes (healthy)   127.0.0.1:1514->10514/tcp   

配置登录验证

未验证账户进行推送，产生报错

[root@localhost harbor]# docker push 10.81.20.166/library/tomcat:v1.1
The push refers to repository [10.81.20.166/library/tomcat]
4831bcd1167f: Preparing 
977cfcbcf0fa: Preparing 
4e4de253c94d: Preparing 
3891808a925b: Preparing 
d402f4f1b906: Preparing 
00ef5416d927: Waiting 
8555e663f65b: Waiting 
d00da3cd7763: Waiting 
4e61e63529c2: Waiting 
799760671c38: Waiting 
denied: requested access to the resource is denied

验证登录账户

[root@localhost harbor]# docker login 10.81.20.166
Username: admin
Password: Harbor12345
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-storeLogin Succeeded

验证成功后重新推送镜像文件

[root@localhost harbor]# docker push 10.81.20.166/library/tomcat:v1.1
The push refers to repository [10.81.20.166/library/tomcat]
4831bcd1167f: Pushed 
977cfcbcf0fa: Pushed 
4e4de253c94d: Pushed 
3891808a925b: Pushed 
d402f4f1b906: Pushed 
00ef5416d927: Pushed 
8555e663f65b: Pushed 
d00da3cd7763: Pushed 
4e61e63529c2: Pushed 
799760671c38: Pushed 
v1.1: digest: sha256:709c112a87273828f4df9caa99540a1d4f59891455cdfff7ec0ec99edc49f59b size: 2422

查看镜像推送结果

打开镜像具体信息

查看对应的DockerFile