本文主要是介绍把文件存放在SDCard,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
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使用Activity的openFileOutput()方法保存文件,文件是存放在手机空间上,一般手机的存储空间不是很大,存放些小文件还行,如果要存放像视频这样的大文件,是不可行的。对于像视频这样的大文件,我们可以把它存放在SDCard。 SDCard是干什么的?你可以把它看作是移动硬盘或U盘。
在模拟器中使用SDCard,你需要先创建一张SDCard卡(当然不是真的SDCard,只是镜像文件)。创建SDCard可以在Eclipse创建模拟器时随同创建,也可以使用DOS命令进行创建,如下:在Dos窗口中进入android SDK安装路径的tools目录,输入以下命令创建一张容量为2G的SDCard,文件后缀可以随便取,建议使用.img:
mksdcard 2048M D:\AndroidTool\sdcard.img
注意:在程序中访问SDCard,你需要申请访问SDCard的权限。
在AndroidManifest.xml中加入访问SDCard的权限如下:
<!-- 在SDCard中创建与删除文件权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
<!-- 往SDCard写入数据权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
要往SDCard存放文件,程序必须先判断手机是否装有SDCard,并且可以进行读写。
注意:访问SDCard必须在AndroidManifest.xml中加入访问SDCard的权限
if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
File sdCardDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();//获取SDCard目录
File saveFile = new File(sdCardDir, “ljq.txt”);
FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(saveFile);
outStream.write("abc".getBytes());
outStream.close();
}
Environment.getExternalStorageState()方法用于获取SDCard的状态,如果手机装有SDCard,并且可以进行读写,
那么方法返回的状态等于Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED。
Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()方法用于获取SDCard的目录,当然要获取SDCard的目录,你也可以这样写:
File sdCardDir = new File("/mnt/sdcard"); //获取SDCard目录
File saveFile = new File(sdCardDir, "ljq.txt");
//上面两句代码可以合成一句: File saveFile = new File("/mnt/sdcard/ljq.txt");
FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(saveFile);
outStream.write("abc".getBytes());
outStream.close();
案例
main.xml布局文件
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- >
- <!-- 相对布局 -->
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content">
- <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="@string/filename"
- android:id="@+id/filenameLable" />
- <EditText android:layout_width="250px"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_toRightOf="@id/filenameLable"
- android:layout_alignTop="@id/filenameLable"
- android:layout_marginLeft="10px"
- android:text="ljq.txt"
- android:id="@+id/filename" />
- </RelativeLayout>
- <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="@string/content" />
- <EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:minLines="3"
- android:id="@+id/content" />
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content">
- <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="@string/button"
- android:id="@+id/button" />
- <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_toRightOf="@id/button"
- android:layout_alignTop="@id/button"
- android:layout_marginLeft="10px"
- android:minLines="3"
- android:text="@string/readButton"
- android:id="@+id/readButton" />
- </RelativeLayout>
- <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:id="@+id/resultView" />
- </LinearLayout>
strings.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <resources>
- <string name="hello">Hello World, FileActivity!</string>
- <string name="app_name">数据保存</string>
- <string name="filename">文件名称</string>
- <string name="content">文件内容</string>
- <string name="button">保存</string>
- <string name="readButton">读取内容</string>
- <string name="error">保存失败</string>
- <string name="success">保存成功</string>
- </resources>
- package com.ljq.service;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- public class FileService {
- /**
- * 保存数据
- *
- * @param outputStream
- * @param content
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static void save(OutputStream outputStream, String content) throws Exception {
- outputStream.write(content.getBytes());
- outputStream.close();
- }
- /**
- * 读取数据
- *
- * @param inputStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String read(InputStream inputStream) throws Exception {
- ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); // 往内存写数据
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; // 缓冲区
- int len = -1;
- while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
- byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- byte[] data = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray(); // 存储数据
- byteArrayOutputStream.close();
- inputStream.close();
- return new String(data);
- }
- }
- package com.ljq.sdcard;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.os.Environment;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.EditText;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- import com.ljq.service.FileService;
- public class SdcardActivity extends Activity {
- private final String TAG = "FileActivity";
- private EditText filenameText;
- private TextView resultView;
- private EditText contentText;
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- filenameText = (EditText)this.findViewById(R.id.filename);
- contentText = (EditText)this.findViewById(R.id.content);
- resultView = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.resultView);
- Button button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button);
- button.setOnClickListener(listener);
- Button readButton = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.readButton);
- readButton.setOnClickListener(listener);
- }
-
- private View.OnClickListener listener = new View.OnClickListener() {
- public void onClick(View v) {
- Button button = (Button) v;
- String filename = filenameText.getText().toString();
- // Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()等价于new File("/sdcard")---->获取sdcard目录
- //获取sdcard目录
- //File file = new File("/sdcard" + filename);
- File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), filename);
- switch (button.getId()) {
- case R.id.button:
- int resId = R.string.success; // 默认成功
- String content = contentText.getText().toString();
- //sdcard存在并且可以读写
- if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
- try {
- FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
- FileService.save(fileOutputStream, content);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
- resId = R.string.error;
- }
- Toast.makeText(SdcardActivity.this, resId, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
- }else {
- Toast.makeText(SdcardActivity.this, "sdcard不存在或写保护", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
- }
- break;
- case R.id.readButton:
- try {
- InputStream inputStream= new FileInputStream(file);
- String text = FileService.read(inputStream);
- resultView.setText(text);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
- Toast.makeText(SdcardActivity.this, "读取失败", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
- }
- break;
- }
- }
- };
- }
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- package="com.ljq.sdcard" android:versionCode="1"
- android:versionName="1.0">
- <application android:icon="@drawable/icon"
- android:label="@string/app_name">
- <activity android:name=".SdcardActivity"
- android:label="@string/app_name">
- <intent-filter>
- <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
- <category
- android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
- </intent-filter>
- </activity>
- </application>
- <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" />
- <!-- 在SDCard中创建与删除文件权限 -->
- <uses-permission
- android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />
- <!-- 往SDCard写入数据权限 -->
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
- </manifest>
运行结果
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