本文主要是介绍HDU 3047 Zjnu Stadium (带权并查集)，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
链接：
http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=3047
题目：
These days, Busoniya want to hold a large-scale theatrical performance in this stadium. There will be N people go there numbered 1--N. Busoniya has Reserved several seats. To make it funny, he makes M requests for these seats: A B X, which means people numbered B must seat clockwise X distance from people numbered A. For example: A is in column 4th and X is 2, then B must in column 6th (6=4+2).
Now your task is to judge weather the request is correct or not. The rule of your judgement is easy: when a new request has conflicts against the foregoing ones then we define it as incorrect, otherwise it is correct. Please find out all the incorrect requests and count them as R.
For every case:
The first line has two integer N(1<=N<=50,000), M(0<=M<=100,000),separated by a space.
Then M lines follow, each line has 3 integer A(1<=A<=N), B(1<=B<=N), X(0<=X<300) (A!=B), separated by a space.
Output R, represents the number of incorrect request.
10 10 1 2 150 3 4 200 1 5 270 2 6 200 6 5 80 4 7 150 8 9 100 4 8 50 1 7 100 9 2 100
2HintHint: （PS： the 5th and 10th requests are incorrect）
有n个人坐在zjnu体育馆里面，然后给出m个他们之间的距离， A B X， 代表B的座位比A多X. 然后求出这m个关系之间有多少个错误，所谓错误就是当前这个关系与之前的有冲突。
分析与总结：
题目有一句话：we assume the number of rows were infinite. 就是假设这个体育馆是无限大的，所以不用考虑圆圈循环的情况。
用带权并查集做， 对于并查集中的每一棵数， 树根的距离为0，然后以树根作为参照，每个结点的权值代表与树根的距离。
合并A，B时，假设A，B属于不同的树，那么就要合并这两棵树， 把A树合并到B树上，这时要给A树的跟结点root_a赋值，关键是给root_a附上一个什么值。 由于A点和B点的权值rank[A]和rank[B]都是相对跟结点的距离，所以分析A，B之间的相对距离，可以得到rank[root_a] = rank[A]+x-rank[B]。 注意到这时，对于原来的A的树，只跟新了root_a跟结点的权值， 那么其它结点的跟新在查找的那一步里面实行了。
代码：
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
#define N 50005
int f[N], rank[N], n, m;void init(){for(int i=0; i<=n; ++i)f[i]=i, rank[i]=0;
}
int find(int x){if(x==f[x]) return f[x];int t=f[x];f[x] = find(f[x]);rank[x] += rank[t];return f[x];
}
bool Union(int x,int y, int m){int a=find(x), b=find(y);if(a==b){if(rank[x]+m!=rank[y])return false;return true;}f[b] = a;rank[b] = rank[x]+m-rank[y];return true;
}int main(){int a,b,x;while(~scanf("%d%d",&n,&m)){init();int cnt=0;for(int i=0; i<m; ++i){scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&x);if(!Union(a, b, x)){++cnt;}}printf("%d\n",cnt);}return 0;
}—— 生命的意义，在于赋予它意义。
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