英语--介词

介词考点：

• 时间/地点介词的用法： at,in,on
• 介词短语固定搭配

 概念

介词，虚词，和名词及其同等词连用，表示与其他词或短语之间的关系的词

分类

按结构分类

单一介词

in,on,to,at,by,from,with,like,against,between...

合成介词

into,upon,outside,within,without

按意义分类

时间介词

1.at + 在某一时刻（点）/三餐

at six o`clock           at breakfast

at the age of...         at night

at present 目前        at the moment 此刻，此时

at the end of (在...结束时/结尾)

2.in + 年/月/季 早中晚

in 2018      in May      in summer      in the end 最终

in the morning/afternoon/evening  

in + 段时间 （在...期间/在...之后）

in these two years (在这两年期间)

in two years (在两年后)   常用于一般将来时 will do

His father will be back from London  in a few days

He`ll be back in three days   

3.on + 两期：星期，假期

           一天：具体某天或有修饰语的早下晚

on Tuesday        on holiday/vacation       on June 1st

on the morning of June 1st

in the morning 后面不能跟东西

on a cold morning

4.for + 时间段 "持续了......” (常和完成时连用)

   for some time 持续了一段时间

I did my homework for two hours last day 

I have lived in Xi`an for 6 years

5.since + 过去的时间(点)"自从过去"（常与完成时连用）

I have lived in Xi`an since 2015.

I have lived in Xi`an since 7 years ago.

6.by + 时间点：截止到...事件之前 （常和完成时连用）

Please hand in your homework by next Mondy.

By last Friday,she had stayed here for a whole month.

7.其他介词

before (在...之前) before ten o`clock

after (在...之后) after breakfast

during (在...期间) during my summer holiday

时间介词
at	时间点/餐
in	年/月/季/上/下/晚上 +段时间（在...期间/之后）（一般将来时）
on	两期一日/具体哪天
for since	for + 时间段：持续...多久 since + 时间段：自从过去...
by	时间点： 截至到...事件之前
before after	在...之前/以后
during	在...期间

空间介词

1.小地方还是大地方

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 at 在......(小地方/机场/区/家等)

at home/school        at the airport

in 在......里面；在......(大地方，洲，国家，省市等）

We are in the classroom now

She lives in Beijing,China

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2.在上面还是上方 on over above

 over 正上方，遍及，翻越，越过，超过

They`re tarvelled all over the world   遍及

The game is designed for children over 6 years old  超过 

The boys climbed over the all   翻越

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 介词短语

look over 检查              look into 调查        look up 查（字典）

think over 仔细考虑

take over 接管             hand over 移接/交接

get over 克服，恢复

run over 略读，浏览           look through

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3.前面&前方 in front to

in front of 在...前面 （外部）

in the front of 在...前面（内部）

The dogs are in front of the car

The driver is in the front of the car

4.behind 在...的后面，落后于

drop behind 落...之后         fall behind 落后

There is a basketball behind the door

5.on the left/right 在...左边/右边

You can see the museum on the/your right

6.穿过  表面还是内部

across 从物体表面横过，穿过

             go across the street 穿过大街

through 从物体的内部或者一定范围内穿过

注意： in/on/to区分

in 在内部

on 有接壤

 其他介词

with (与...一起/具有/使用)

 share with sb; agree with s.

 compare A with B 与...比较

 with the development to ... 随着什么的发展

He has a house with(伴随) a small garden

We cut the meat with（使用） knife

without(没有，不具有）

Fish would die without water

Without your help,I can`t do it

without a word 一声不吭

without doubt 毫无疑问

by(通过...方式/交通方式/人)（通过...由/被...）

by bus/waster,by oneself 独自

by + 人（由/被...）

Pandas are loved by many people around the world

 by + 时间 （截至...之前）

I have to finish the work by next month

 by + 地点 (在...旁边)

I like to have a walk by the lake

by nature 天生的；生性

She is very sensitive by nature

by mistakes 错误的

I took you bag instead of(而不是，取而代之) mine by mistake

by accident 偶然；意外的

by chance 偶然；偶尔；意外的

Success in life doesn`t happen by accidentabount(关于，对于)

know about 了解

care about 关心...

as,like像

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 like作介词表示：“像...，如同”

 look like + 宾语 看起来像

 sound like 听起来像...

 be like + 宾语 像...

 Life is like a box of chocolate, you never konw what you going to get

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as "作为（职业/身份），像..."

as a teacher/student

be famous as ...  作为...而出名

He is famous as a singer rather than an actor

as for/to 关于，至于； as for me 依我之见

as...(adj./adv.原形)as 和...一样

as well 也（句末），the same as 和...一样

as usual 像往常一样

As we all know,众所周知 As is know to all,

For instance,as we all know, dogs  recognize each other via smell

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补充

besides,except,except for,except that

 besides 处理...以外,还有（包含...）

Every is here besides Jack

except 除了...(不包含)同类

Everyone is here except Jack

All went out except me

except for 除了...（不同类）细节说明

The paper is good except for a few mistakes

except和except for是介词，后面接名词或名词短语

except that 后面需加从句（完整的句子--主语 谓语）

His writing is good except for a few spelling mistakes

= His writing is good except that are a few spelling mistakes

之间between 2者 & among >=3

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 between A and B

   read between the lines 读透字里行间的含义 体会言外之意

 among  在...之中  among people

They walked among the crowed in Red Square

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超越 over beyond

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 over 在...之上，超过，翻越（地点）

 go over the wall / mountain

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beyond 超过；越过（抽象的）  beyond sb

beyond one`s power 力所能及

beyond the reach of 超过...的理解力

beyond question/doubt 毫无疑问

beyond belief 难以置信