本文主要是介绍Gentoo的安装全过程，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
Gentoo的安装全过程
1.设置GRUB引导
编辑 C:/men.list 文件
2.新建分区:
fdisk /dev/sda [N]磁盘分区 [L新建逻辑分区 [P]新建主分区 [P]查看
3. 格式化:
mkreiserfs /dev/sda9 格式化 / 分区
mkswap /dev/sda8 激活 swap 分区
4.挂载 "/" 分区:
mount /dev/sda9 /mnt/gentoo
5.下载最新 protage 和 stage 解压:
{下载地址:http://funtoo.org 与 http://softdown.transtone.org}
tar -xvpf ../stage3.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/gentoo/ 解压 stage
tar -xvpf ../portage.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/gentoo/usr/ 解压 portage
6.挂载dev与proc:
mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
7.拷贝网络:
net-setup eth0 设置网络
cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/
8.切换新系统:
chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
9. 此步: 如果是最新的portage就不需要更新:
cd /usr/portage/
git checkout funtoo.org
env-update && source /etc/profile 更新环境变量
10. 下载内核:
emerge genkernel-sources 产生/usr/src/linux 文件
11.编译内核:
cd /usr/src/linux 内核文件目录
make menuconfig 内核编译
gentoo linux kernel
General setup ---> 一般配置
<*>kernel.config support
<*>Enable access to config through /proc/config.gz
Processor type and reatures -----> CPU配置
Proceesor family (586/k5/5X86/6X86/6X86MX)----> CPU型号
（选择相应的一项)
< >Inter microcode Patch loading support Inter cpu 支持
<*>AMD microcode Patch loading support Amd cpu 支持
Power managtment and ACPI options -----> 电源管理
CPU Frequerncy Scaling ----->
< >Eanble cpufreq debagging cpu频率变换测试
<*>cpu frequency translation statistcs
<*>cpu frequency translation statistcs details
Derice Drivers -----> 硬件驱动
<*>serial ATA (pcod) and pcrellel ATA cexperime ----> 硬盘
<*>Inter ESB ICH PIIX3........ATA/SATA Support
<*>Nvidia PATA support
<*>AMD/Nrdla PATA Support
<M>Inter PATA old pzzxsupport
< >Inter SCH PATA Support
<*>Network device support ----网络设备驱动
<*>Universal TUR/TAP device support
<*>Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit)--->
<*> Sun Happy Meal 10/100baseT support
<*> AMD PCnet32 PCI support
<*> nForce Ethernet support
[*] EISA, VLB, PCI and on board controllers
[*] "Tulip" family network device support ----->
[*] 3COM cards
< >Ethernet (1000 Mbit) ----->
< >Ethernet (10000 Mbit) ---->
< >FDDI dnver support
< >Token Rlng drivers support ----->
<*>PPP (point-to-point protall) support
[*] PPP multilink support (EXPERIMENTAL)
[*] PPP filtering
<*> PPP support for async serial ports
<*> PPP support for sync tty ports
<*> PPP Deflate compression
<*> PPP BSD-Compress compression
<*> PPP MPPE compression (encryption) (EXPERIMENTAL)
<*> PPP over Ethernet (EXPERIMENTAL)
<*> PPP over L2TP (EXPERIMENTAL)
<*>sound card support --------> 声卡驱动
<*>Adrunced Linux sound Architeechare ----->
<*>PCI sound devices ------>
<*>Intel HD Audio ------>
<*>Build nudcp interfacefor HD-addiodnia
<*>Allow dynaunic codec recontigation cexp
<*>Enable generc(HL) arcdo cadec parser
GRAPics support -------> 显卡驱动
<*>support for frame butter devices -------->
< >Enable Tile Blitting support
<*>userspce VESA.VGA gra phice support
<*>rirtual Frame butter support conlYfortesol
< > nVidia Framebuffer Support
< > nVidia Riva support
<*>NVIDIA PATA support AMD的显卡驱动
console display derrer support------>
<*>Frame butter console support
<*>Map the console-to the primay dispcycha
<*>Franebutter console Rotation
<*>Networking support -------> 网络支持
Networking options ------->
<*>IP.tunneling
<*>IP.GRE tunnels over IP
<*>IP.ARP duenon support(EROERINENTAL)
<>The IPv6 Protocol--------
<*>802.ld Ethernet Bridging
<*>802.lQ VLAN support
<*>Network packet filteng fromework(Netfiter)-------->
<*>Adrancel netfilter continguration
core netfilter configuration --全选
IP:Netfilter contiguration --全选
File Systems-----> 文件系统
<*>TheExtendcldl4 (ext4)filesystem 是EXT4的全选
< >JBD (ext3) debgging support
< >JBD (ext4) debgging support(NEW)
<*>Reiserfs support
< >Enable reiserfs bebug mode<NEW>
<*>stats in/proc/fs/reiserfs
<*>Reistrfs exended ateributes
<*>Reuserfs PosixAccess control Lists
<*>Reiserfs security Labels
<M>FUSE (filesystem in user sjpace) support
DOS/FATINT Filesystems ---------->
(936)Default codepage for FAT
(utf8)DEFAULT iochorset for FAT
-*-Native language suport---->
<*>sinpiitedchinesecharset (CPBC GB2312)
(utf8) Default NLS Option
<*> Codepage 437 (United States, Canada)
<*> NLS UTF-8
---------------内核编译完成-----------------
12.编译完成后:
make && make modules_install
13.拷贝内核:
cp arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel
14.生成initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.29-gentoo-r1
genkernel --splash=livecd-2007.0 ramdisk
15.修改fstab文件:
nano /etc/fstab
/dev/sda9 / reiserfs notail,noatime 1 2
/dev/sda8 nano swap sw
16.修改C:/men.list 文件
mkdir /mnt/c 创建目录 c
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/c 挂载windos的c盘
nano /mnt/c/men.list
#title Gentoo Linux
#root (hd0,8)
#kernel /boot/kernel root=/dev/ram0 real_root=/dev/sda9
#initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.29-gentoo-r1
17.修改make.conf文件:
nano /etc/make.conf
These settings were set by the catalyst build script that automatically built$
# Please consult /etc/make.conf.example for a more detailed example
CFLAGS="-O2 -march=i686 -pipe "
CHOST="i686-pc-linux-gnu"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
MAKEOPTS="-j2"
LC_ALL="C"
LINGUAS="zh_CN"
18.自动启动网络:
dhcpcd eth0
19.手动配置网络:
1). nano /etc/conf.d/net 网络配置文件
config_eth0=("192.168.1.110/24") 添加IP地址
routes_eth0=("default via 192.168.1.1") 添加网关
2). nano /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by dhcpcd
# /etc/resolv.conf.head can replace this line
# /etc/resolv.conf.tail can replace this line
nameserver 208.67.222.222 添加DNS
nameserver 208.67.220.220
3). 手动启动网络:
/etc/init.d/net.eth0 start 启动第一块网卡
rc-update add net.eth0 default 开机自动启动网络
20.语言设置:
1) nano /etc/locale.gen 语言配置文件
zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8
2) nano /etc/env.d/02locale
LC_CTYPE=zh_CN.UTF-8
LC_ALL="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
21.安装字体:
emerge fontconfig (wqy-zenhei wqy-bitmapconft)
emerge droid
emerge ttf-bitstream-vera
env-update && source /etc/profil 更新环境变量
locale-gentoo 启用文字
22.安装图形界面工具:
emerge xorg-server 安装图形插件
emerge xfce4 (gnome,lxde,kde) 桌面环境
23.桌面主题:
emerge splash-themes-livecd
emerge splash-themes-gentoo
24.系统小软件安装:
[ eix 查看软件 ncdu 查看文件大小 htop 查看进程 qlist 查看关联文件目录
[ fcitx | ibus-table-wubi 五笔 screen 标签窗口
[ ntfs-3g 挂载工具 partimage 备份 icons 图标 openoffice-bin 办公软件 cursrs 鼠标指针
emerge --- [ mplayer 播放器 gsopcast 网络电视 alsamixer 音频 audacious 音频播放器
[ vsftpd ftp服务器 lftp 客户端 apache 网页服务器 mysql 数据库服务====>phpmyadmin (emerge --config mysql 初始化设置)
[ mozill-firefox 火狐浏览器 adobe-flash flash插件
[ v86d 开机动画 world 全部软件包的集合
[ virtualbox-bin 虚拟机---->(modprobe vboxdrv modprobe vboxnec 模块添加)
[ ssh 远程桌面 p7zip 解压工具
常用的配置文件：
网卡：/etc/conf.d/net
DNS: /etc/resolv.conf
xorg: /etc/X11/xorg.conf
字体: /etc/font/local.conf
中文: /etc/local.gen
主机名：/etc/conf.d/hostname /etc/host
文件挂载：/etc/fstab
模块挂载：/etc/conf.d/modules
nano: /etc/nanorc
eix: /etc/eixrc
qlist: /etc/qlistrc
sudo: /etc/sudorc
apache: /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
vsftpd: /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
dhcp: /etc/dhcp/dhcp.conf
tftp-hpa: /etc/conf.d/in.ftpd
ssh: /etc/ssh/sshd.conf
mysql: /etc/mysql/my.conf
nfs-utils: /etc/exports
系统主题：/etc/share/themes
编译模块： module-rebuild rebuild
添加平铺窗口：nano .xinitrc ===> awesome
官方3D加速：openGL xorg-x11 mesc-progs
eselect opengl list 查看 set 1-9 选择
桌面环境： gnome kde xfce4 lxde
gtk桌面主题： gtk-engines-murrin gtk-engines
输入|输出设备：
[ hald USB设备
[ mouse 鼠标
INPUT_DEVICES===[ keyboard 键盘
[ evdev 热插拔驱动
重建软件：revdep-rebuild
通用驱动：vesa fbdev
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