本文主要是介绍java AWT事件处理,希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值,需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧!
事件处理的过程中,主要涉及3类对象:
Event Source(事件源):事件发生的声所,如按钮,窗口,菜单等组件。
Event(事件):事件封装了GUI组件上发生的特定事情(通常是一次用打操作)。
Event Listener(事件监听器):负责监听事件源所发生的事件,并对各种事件做出响应处理。
实现AWT事件处理机制的步骤如下:
1.实现事件监听器类,该监听器类是一个特殊的java类,必须实现一个XxxListener接口。
2.创建普通组件(事件源),创建事件监听器对象。
3.调用addXxxListener()方法将事件监听器对象注册给普通组件(事件源)。当事件源上发生指定事件时,AWT会触发事件监听器,由事件监听器调用相应的方法(事件处理器)来处理事件,事件源上所发生的事件会作为参数传入事件处理器。
AWT的事件类都是AWTEvent类的子类,AWTEvent是EventObject的子类。
AWT事件分为两在类:低级事件和高组事件。
1.低级事件:
低级事件是指基于特定动作的事件.比如进入,点击,拖入等动作的鼠标事件,当组件得到焦点失去焦点时触发的事件.
ComponentEvent:组件事件,当组件尺寸发生变化,位置发生移动,显示/隐藏状态发生改变时触发该事件.
ContainerEvent:容器事件,当容器里发生添加级件,删除组件时触发该事件。
WindowEvent:窗口事件,当窗口状态发生改变(如打开,关闭,最大化,最小化)时触发该事件。
FocusEvent:焦点事件,当级件得到焦点或失去焦点时触发该事件。
KeyEvent:键盘事件,当按键被按下,松开单击时触发该事件。
MouseEvent:鼠标事件,当进行单击,按下,松开,移动鼠标等动作时触发该事件。
PaintEvent:组件绘制事件,该事件是一件特殊的事件类型,当GUI组件调用update/paint方法来呈现自身时触发该事件,该事件并非专用于事件处理模型。
2.高级事件(语义事件)
高级事件是基于语义的事件,它可以不和特定的动作相关联,而依赖于触发此事件的类。比如,在TextField中按Enter键会触发ActionEvent事件,在滑动条上称动滑块会触发AdjustmentEvent事件,选中项目列表的某一项就会触发ItemEvent事件。
ActionEvent:动作事件,当按钮,菜单项被单击,在TextField中按Enter键时触发该事件。
AdjustmentEvent:调节事件,在滑动条上称动滑块以调节数值时触发该事件。
ItemEvent:选项事件,当用户选中某项,或取消选中某项时触发该事件。
TextEvent:文本事件,当文本框,文本域里的文本发生改变时触发该事件。
一件级件被多个监听器监听:
package javaAWT;import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Panel;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class MultiListener {private Frame frame = new Frame("MultiListener");private TextArea textArea = new TextArea(10, 35);private Button btn1 = new Button("one");private Button btn2 = new Button("two");public void init() {FirstListener f1 = new FirstListener();btn1.addActionListener(f1);btn1.addActionListener(new SecondListener());btn2.addActionListener(f1);frame.add(textArea);Panel panel = new Panel();panel.add(btn1);panel.add(btn2);frame.add(panel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);}class FirstListener implements ActionListener{@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubtextArea.append("FirstListener, EventSource :" + e.getActionCommand() + "\n");}}class SecondListener implements ActionListener {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubtextArea.append("Clicked:" + e.getActionCommand() + " Button\n");}}public static void main(String[] args) {new MultiListener().init();}
}
窗口监听 (WindowListener ):
package javaAWT;import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;public class WindowListenerTest {private Frame frame = new Frame("WindowListener");private TextArea tArea = new TextArea(6, 40);public void init() {frame.addWindowListener(new MyListener());frame.add(tArea);frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);}class MyListener implements WindowListener {@Overridepublic void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubtArea.append("窗口初次打开\n");}@Overridepublic void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubtArea.append("关闭窗口\n");System.exit(0);}@Overridepublic void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubSystem.out.println("窗口被关闭");}@Overridepublic void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubtArea.append("窗口最小化\n");}@Overridepublic void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubtArea.append("窗口恢复\n");}@Overridepublic void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubtArea.append("窗口被激活\n");}@Overridepublic void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubtArea.append("窗口失去焦点\n");}}public static void main(String[] args) {new WindowListenerTest().init();}
}
事件适配器:
事件适配器是监听器接口的空实现–事件适配器实现了监听器接口,并为该接口里的每个方法都提供了实现,这种实现是一种空实现。
监听器接口和事件适配器对应表
监听器接口 | 事件适配器 |
---|---|
ContainerListener | ContainerAdapter |
FocusListener | FocusAdapter |
ComponentListener | ComponentAdapter |
KeyListener | KeyAdapter |
MouseListener | MouseAdapter |
MousMotionListener | MouseMotionAdapter |
WindowListener | WindowAdapter |
实现事件监听器有如下几种形式:
1.内部类形式:将事件监听器类定义成当前类的内部类。
2.外部类形式:将事件监听器类定义成一个外部类。
3.类本身作为事件监听器类:让当前类本身实现监听器接口或继承事件适配器。
4.匿名内部类形式:使用匿名内部类创建事件监听器对象。
内部类形式:
package javaAWT;import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;import javax.swing.ImageIcon;public class WindowAdapterTest {private Frame frame = new Frame("WindowAdapterTest");private TextArea textArea = new TextArea(6, 40);private ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon();public void init() {frame.addWindowListener(new MyAdapterListener());frame.add(textArea);Image image = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage("./123.jpg");frame.setIconImage(image);frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);}class MyAdapterListener extends WindowAdapter {@Overridepublic void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub//super.windowClosed(e);System.out.println("Closed window");System.exit(0);}}public static void main(String[] args) {new WindowAdapterTest().init();}
}
外部类形式:
外部类监听器
package javaAWT;import java.awt.TextField;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class MailerListener implements ActionListener {private TextField mailAddress;public MailerListener(TextField mailAddress) {// TODO Auto-generated constructor stubthis.mailAddress = mailAddress;}public void setMailAddress(TextField mailAddress) {this.mailAddress = mailAddress;}@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubSystem.out.println("goto "+mailAddress.getText() + " send eMail");}}
使用外部监听器
package javaAWT;import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.TextField;import org.omg.CORBA.PRIVATE_MEMBER;public class SendMailer {private Frame frame = new Frame("SendMailer");private TextField tField = new TextField(40);private Button send = new Button("Send");public void init() {send.addActionListener(new MailerListener(tField));frame.add(tField);frame.add(send, BorderLayout.SOUTH);frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);}public static void main(String[] args) {new SendMailer().init();}
}
类本身作为事件监听器类:
GUI类通过继承事件适配器方式(extends XxxAdapter),可以只实现需要的监听器事件处理方法
。
package javaAWT;import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.awt.TextField;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;import org.omg.CosNaming.NamingContextExtPackage.AddressHelper;public class SimpleEventHandler extends WindowAdapter {private Frame frame = new Frame("WindowAdapter");private TextArea tArea = new TextArea(6, 40);public void init() {//将该类的默认对象作为事件监听对象frame.addWindowListener(this);frame.add(tArea);frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);}// GUI 界面类直接包含事件处理器方法@Overridepublic void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.windowClosing(e);System.out.println("Window closed");System.exit(0);}public static void main(String[] args) {}
}
GUI类通过实现事件监听器方式( implements XxxListener),需要实现监听器的所有事件处理方法。
package javaAWT;import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;import javax.swing.text.TabableView;public class SimpleEventHandlerB implements WindowListener {private Frame f = new Frame("WindowListener");private TextArea ta = new TextArea(10, 50);public void init() {f.addWindowListener(this);f.add(ta);f.pack();f.setVisible(true);}@Overridepublic void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubta.append("windowOpened"+"\n");}@Overridepublic void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubta.append("windowClosing"+"\n");System.exit(0);}@Overridepublic void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubta.append("windowClosed"+"\n");}@Overridepublic void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubta.append("windowIconified"+"\n");}@Overridepublic void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubta.append("windowDeiconified"+"\n");}@Overridepublic void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubta.append("windowActivated"+"\n");}@Overridepublic void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubta.append("windowDeactivated"+"\n");}public static void main(String[] args) {new SimpleEventHandlerB().init();}}
匿名内部类形式:
匿名实现XxxxAdapter对象
package javaAWT;import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;public class AnonymousEventHandler {private Frame frame = new Frame("AnonymousEventHandler");private TextArea textArea = new TextArea(5, 20);public void init() {frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {@Overridepublic void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.windowClosing(e);System.exit(0);}});frame.add(textArea);frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);}public static void main(String[] args) {new AnonymousEventHandler().init();}
}
匿名实现XxxListener对象
package javaAWT;import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;public class AnonymousEventHandlerB {private Frame frame = new Frame("AnonymousEventHandlerB");private TextArea textArea = new TextArea(5, 50);public void init() {frame.addWindowListener(new WindowListener() {@Overridepublic void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}@Overridepublic void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}@Overridepublic void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}@Overridepublic void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}@Overridepublic void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubSystem.exit(0);}@Overridepublic void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}@Overridepublic void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}});frame.add(textArea);frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);}public static void main(String[] args) {new AnonymousEventHandlerB().init();}
}
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