[英语单词] out of

本文主要是介绍[英语单词] out of，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

Most modern cryptographic devices are implemented using semiconductor logic gates, which are constructed out of transistors.
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13389-011-0006-y.pdf
第一眼看到这个out-of在这里，有些反直觉（counterintuitive；因为脑子里固有的out-of的意思，用在这里不合适），会有些疑问，可以用在这里？
这里的out of是下面词典释义的第五个：“5 by using (sth); from 用, 以（某事物）”。也就是由某些小的/成分析的东西制造出来的，比如最近很火的小学生玩具“水晶的种植”也是水晶由水晶材料组成形成长出来。而这里的逻辑门也是由晶体管制作然后展示出来的。

这个out-of词组的含义还真是多。比如
https://mzhan017.blog.csdn.net/article/details/130652067，这里由out-of-order，这个明显是丧失顺序的意思，失序。

out of
在…外, 离开…, 从…里面, 出于, 由于, 因为, 缺乏, 没有, 放弃, 丧失
<— 牛津现代英汉双解词典 —>
prep 1 (situated) at a distance from (a place seen as an enclosed area or volume); not in （位于）离（某处）一段距离; 不在内; 在外: Mr Green is out of town this week. 格林先生本星期不在伦敦. * Fish can survive for only a short time out of water. 鱼离开水後活得时间很短. Cf 参看 in2 1.
2 (moving) away from (a place seen as an enclosed area or volume) 离开（某处）; 从里面; 出来: jump out of bed 跳下床 * go out of the shop 走出商店 * fly out of the cage 飞出笼子.
3 (indicating motive or cause 表示动机或原因): do sth out of mischief, spite, malice, etc 出于恶作剧、怨恨、恶意等而做某事 * help sb out of pity, kindness, generosity, etc 出于怜悯、好意、慷慨等帮助某人 * ask out of curiosity 因好奇而问.
4 from among (a number) 从（若干）中: Choose one out of the six. 从六个里挑一个. * To give you only one example out of several… 从几个例子中仅给你举出一例…
5 by using (sth); from 用, 以（某事物）: The hut was made out of pieces of wood. 这小屋是用木板建造的. * She made a skirt out of the material I gave her. 她用我给她的料子做了一条裙子. Cf 参看 from 8, of 5.
6 lacking (sth); without 缺乏（某物）; 无: I’m beginning to feel out of patience. 我觉得有些不耐烦了. * He’s been out of work for six months. 他已失业六个月了. * be out of (ie have no) flour, sugar, tea, etc 没有面粉、糖、茶叶等.
7 not in the condition specified by the following n 不处于out of後之名词所示的情况: These books are out of order. 这些书都乱了. * He’s still in hospital but out of danger. 他仍在住院, 但已脱离了危险. (See n entries for similar examples. 类似示例见有关名词词条. )
8 having (sth) as its origin or source; from 以（某事物）为起源或来源; 从: a scene out of a play by Pinter 品特的剧作中的一场 * copy a recipe out of a book 从书上抄下一份菜谱 * drink beer out of the can 持罐装啤酒对嘴儿喝 * pay for a new car out of one’s savings 拿储蓄的钱买新汽车.
9 (indicating the loss of sth, esp as a result of dishonesty 表示失去某事物, 尤指被骗): cheat sb out of his money 骗走某人的钱 (See v entries for similar examples. 类似示例见有关动词词条. )
10 at a specified distance from (sth) 在离（某地）某距离处: The ship sank 10 miles out of Stockholm. 船在离斯德哥尔摩10英里处沉没了.
11 not concerned with (sth); not involved in 与（某事物）无关; 不牵连在内: It’s a dishonest scheme and I’m glad to be out of it. 那是个骗局, 我幸而置身事外. * Brown is out of the England team. 布朗与英格兰球队无关. 12 (idm 习语) `out of it (infml 口) sad because excluded from a group of people or a community 因被排斥在某集体之外而难过: We’ve only just moved here so we still feel a bit out of it. 我们刚刚搬到这里, 和别人不熟感到仍有些冷清. * She looks rather out of it – perhaps she doesn’t speak English. 她看上去像是局外人–大概是她不会说英语的缘故吧.

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