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一、下载获取 mysql安装包；
MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)
二、安装步骤
1、切换到安装目录下，并解压
tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
2.移动解压后的文件并且重命名为mysql
mv mysql-8.0.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local
3.先切换至mysql文件夹下创建新文件夹data
cd /usr/local/mysql
4.创建mysql用户组和mysql用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
5.修改mysql目录权限
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
6.数据库初始化
注意事项：记录一下mysql数据库的临时密码*************，后面安装步骤是需要使用的！
./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
7.修改my.cnf文件
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
port = 3306
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[client]
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
#[mysqld]
#datadir=/var/lib/mysql
#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
#symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
#[mysqld_safe]
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
#pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
直接将上述配置内容复制到my.cnf文件中，或者自行修改，然后执行:wq命令，保存并退出
8.创建mysql服务
a）将mysql.server启动文件复制到/etc/init.d目录，使用cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld命令。
b）赋予权限，使用chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld命令；
c）使用chkconfig --add mysqld创建mysql服务。
按照顺序执行!
cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
9.配置环境变量
vi /etc/profile
将下面配置添加到export 环境变量配置文件中
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
export PATH
设置环境变量立即生效
source /etc/profile
10.启动mysql服务
使用service mysql start命令；使用service mysql status命令，查看是否启动成功。
[root ~]# service mysql start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysql.service
[root ~]# service mysql status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysql.service
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-01-16 17:17:55 CST; 8s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 27231 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
├─27242 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/VM-0-4-centos.pid
└─27408 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=VM-0-4-cent...
Jan 16 17:17:54 VM-0-4-centos systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...
Jan 16 17:17:54 VM-0-4-centos mysqld[27231]: Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/VM-0-4-centos.err'.
Jan 16 17:17:55 VM-0-4-centos mysqld[27231]: SUCCESS!
Jan 16 17:17:55 VM-0-4-centos systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.
11.登陆mysql并且修改密码
这里输入的密码为 第 6 步初始化的默认密码
[root ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 键入初始密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.0.26
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
12.设置mysql远程登录后可使用客户端进行连接
a）切换数据库，使用use mysql;命令。
b）修改mysql库中host值，使用update user set host='%' where user='root' limit 1;命令。
c）刷新mysql权限，使用flush privileges;命令。
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' limit 1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
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