js 键盘监听组合键

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今天分享如何快速实现js快捷键监听

所需环境：

浏览器
js

实现目标

mac/win兼容，一套代码，多个平台
支持快捷键监听/单按键监听
事件是否冒泡可设置
使用方式简单
快速挂载与卸载
4行代码实现组合键监听

代码原理

把键盘监听事件挂载在document上，当键盘事件发生时，依次匹配事先订阅的快捷键/单按键事件，
如果有匹配到对应的订阅，则进行事件回调，并且停止键盘事件的回调。按下的按键进行转换，把mac/win的键盘差异进行了兼容

实现效果

在这里插入图片描述

js快捷键实战

核心代码

interface keyListener {keys: Array<string | ((event: KeyboardEvent) => boolean)>;// ALL 全部符合才算| ANY 匹配到任意一个就算matchType: 'ALL' | 'ANY';callback: (keyStr: string) => void;// 是否停止时间传播stop: boolean;
}// 多平台键盘转换
const keyConvert = {Ctrl: ['Meta', 'Ctrl']
} as Record<string, Array<string>>;const eventListeners: Array<keyListener> = [];
const downKeyList = {} as any;export function addKeyboardEvent() {document.addEventListener('keydown', keyDown);document.addEventListener('keyup', keyUp);const handlers = {subscribe(keys: Array<string | ((event: KeyboardEvent) => boolean)>, callback: (keyStr: string) => void, stop = true) {eventListeners.push({keys,matchType: 'ALL',callback,stop});return handlers;},subscribeAny(keys: Array<string | ((event: KeyboardEvent) => boolean)>, callback: (keyStr: string) => void, stop = true) {eventListeners.push({keys,matchType: 'ANY',callback,stop});return handlers;}};return handlers;
}export function removeKeyboardEvent() {document.removeEventListener('keydown', keyDown);document.removeEventListener('keyup', keyUp);
}function keyUp(event: KeyboardEvent) {delete downKeyList[convertKey(event.key)];
}function convertKey(key: string) {for (let keyConvertKey in keyConvert) {let convertList = keyConvert[keyConvertKey];if (convertList.includes(key)) {return keyConvertKey;}}return key;
}function keyDown(event: KeyboardEvent) {// 如果需要输入框，则不监听组合键if ((event.target as HTMLElement).tagName === 'INPUT' || (event.target as HTMLElement).tagName === 'TEXTAREA') {// console.log('This event is triggered by an input or textarea!');return;}for (let eventListener of eventListeners) {let matchResult = falseif (eventListener.matchType == 'ALL') {matchResult = matchAll(event, eventListener)} else {matchResult = matchAny(event, eventListener)}if (matchResult) {break}}
}function matchAll(event: KeyboardEvent, keyListener: keyListener) {const {keys, callback, stop} = keyListener;let isTrigger = true;let keyStr = ''for (let key of keys) {if (key instanceof Function) {keyStr = keyStr + key.name + "+"if (!key(event)) {isTrigger = false;break;}} else {keyStr = keyStr + event.key + "+"if (key != event.key) {isTrigger = false;break;}}}if (isTrigger) {keyStr = keyStr.slice(0, -1);callback(keyStr);if (stop) {event.preventDefault();event.stopPropagation();}return true;}return false
}function matchAny(event: KeyboardEvent, keyListener: keyListener) {const {keys, callback, stop} = keyListener;let isTrigger = false;let keyStr = ''for (let key of keys) {if (key instanceof Function) {if (key(event)) {keyStr = keyStr + key.name + "+"isTrigger = true;}} else {if (key == event.key) {keyStr = keyStr + event.key + "+"isTrigger = true;}}if (isTrigger) {keyStr = keyStr.slice(0, -1);callback(keyStr);if (stop) {event.preventDefault();event.stopPropagation();}return true}}return false
}// 兼容macos & win
export function isCtrl(event: KeyboardEvent) {return event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey;
}export function isShift(event: KeyboardEvent) {return event.shiftKey;
}export function isCtrlShift(event: KeyboardEvent) {return (event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey) && event.shiftKey;
}export function isDelete(event: KeyboardEvent) {return event.key == 'Backspace';
}

使用示例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>MyPrint-快捷键示例</title><style>:root {font-family: Inter, system-ui, Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 1.5;font-weight: 400;color-scheme: light dark;color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.87);background-color: #242424;font-synthesis: none;text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;}body {display: flex;height: 100vh;place-items: center;width: 100%;min-height: 100vh;margin: 0 auto;text-align: center;}#keyboardShortcutsStr {width: 100%;}</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="keyboardShortcutsStr"></div>
<script>function setKeyboardShortcutsStr(keyboardShortcutsStr) {document.querySelector("#keyboardShortcutsStr").innerHTML = keyboardShortcutsStr}var keyConvert = {Ctrl: ['Meta', 'Ctrl']};var eventListeners = [];var downKeyList = {};function addKeyboardEvent() {document.addEventListener('keydown', keyDown);document.addEventListener('keyup', keyUp);var handlers = {subscribe: function (keys, callback, stop) {if (stop === void 0) {stop = true;}eventListeners.push({keys: keys,matchType: 'ALL',callback: callback,stop: stop});return handlers;},subscribeAny: function (keys, callback, stop) {if (stop === void 0) {stop = true;}eventListeners.push({keys: keys,matchType: 'ANY',callback: callback,stop: stop});return handlers;}};return handlers;}function removeKeyboardEvent() {document.removeEventListener('keydown', keyDown);document.removeEventListener('keyup', keyUp);}function keyUp(event) {delete downKeyList[convertKey(event.key)];}function convertKey(key) {for (var keyConvertKey in keyConvert) {var convertList = keyConvert[keyConvertKey];if (convertList.includes(key)) {return keyConvertKey;}}return key;}function keyDown(event) {// 如果需要输入框，则不监听组合键if (event.target.tagName === 'INPUT' || event.target.tagName === 'TEXTAREA') {// console.log('This event is triggered by an input or textarea!');return;}for (var _i = 0, eventListeners_1 = eventListeners; _i < eventListeners_1.length; _i++) {var eventListener = eventListeners_1[_i];var matchResult = false;if (eventListener.matchType == 'ALL') {matchResult = matchAll(event, eventListener);} else {matchResult = matchAny(event, eventListener);}if (matchResult) {break;}}}function matchAll(event, keyListener) {var keys = keyListener.keys, callback = keyListener.callback, stop = keyListener.stop;var isTrigger = true;var keyStr = '';for (var _i = 0, keys_1 = keys; _i < keys_1.length; _i++) {var key = keys_1[_i];if (key instanceof Function) {keyStr = keyStr + key.name + "+";if (!key(event)) {isTrigger = false;break;}} else {keyStr = keyStr + event.key + "+";if (key != event.key) {isTrigger = false;break;}}}if (isTrigger) {keyStr = keyStr.slice(0, -1);callback(keyStr);if (stop) {event.preventDefault();event.stopPropagation();}return true;}return false;}function matchAny(event, keyListener) {var keys = keyListener.keys, callback = keyListener.callback, stop = keyListener.stop;var isTrigger = false;var keyStr = '';for (var _i = 0, keys_2 = keys; _i < keys_2.length; _i++) {var key = keys_2[_i];if (key instanceof Function) {if (key(event)) {keyStr = keyStr + key.name + "+";isTrigger = true;}} else {if (key == event.key) {keyStr = keyStr + event.key + "+";isTrigger = true;}}if (isTrigger) {keyStr = keyStr.slice(0, -1);callback(keyStr);if (stop) {event.preventDefault();event.stopPropagation();}return true;}}return false;}// 兼容macos & winfunction isCtrl(event) {return event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey;}function isShift(event) {return event.shiftKey;}function isCtrlShift(event) {return (event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey) && event.shiftKey;}function isDelete(event) {return event.key == 'Backspace';}addKeyboardEvent()// macos.subscribe([isCtrlShift, 'z'], (_keyStr) => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Ctrl+Shift+z 重做')})// win.subscribe([isCtrlShift, 'y'], () => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Ctrl+y')}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'z'], () => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Ctrl+z 撤销')}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'a'], () => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Ctrl+a 全选')}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'c'], () => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Ctrl+c 复制')}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'x'], () => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Ctrl+c 剪切')}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'v'], () => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Ctrl+v 粘贴')}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'd'], () => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Ctrl+d 副本')}).subscribe([isCtrl, 's'], () => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Ctrl+s 保存')}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'f'], () => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Ctrl+f 搜索')}).subscribe(['Tab'], () => {setKeyboardShortcutsStr('Tab切换')}).subscribe([isCtrlShift, 'ArrowUp'], () => {// console.log('ArrowUp')}).subscribe([isCtrlShift, 'ArrowDown'], () => {// console.log('ArrowDown')}).subscribe([isCtrlShift, 'ArrowLeft'], () => {// console.log('ArrowLeft')}).subscribe([isCtrlShift, 'ArrowRight'], () => {// console.log('ArrowRight')}).subscribe([isShift, 'ArrowUp'], () => {// console.log('ArrowUp')}).subscribe([isShift, 'ArrowDown'], () => {}).subscribe([isShift, 'ArrowLeft'], () => {}).subscribe([isShift, 'ArrowRight'], () => {}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'ArrowUp'], () => {}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'ArrowDown'], () => {}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'ArrowLeft'], () => {}).subscribe([isCtrl, 'ArrowRight'], () => {}).subscribe(['ArrowUp'], () => {}).subscribe(['ArrowDown'], () => {}).subscribe(['ArrowLeft'], () => {}).subscribe(['ArrowRight'], () => {}).subscribe([isDelete], () => {// console.log('ArrowRight')}).subscribeAny(['q', 'w', 'e', 'r', 't', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], (keyStr) => {// console.log('ArrowRight')setKeyboardShortcutsStr(keyStr)}, false);
</script>
</body>
</html>

代码仓库

在线体验

代码仓库：github

代码仓库：gitee

实战项目：MyPrint

操作简单，组件丰富的一站式打印解决方案打印设计器

体验地址：前往

代码仓库：github

代码仓库：gitee

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js 键盘监听组合键

所需环境：

实现目标

代码原理

实现效果

核心代码

使用示例

代码仓库

实战项目：MyPrint

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js 键盘监听 组合键

所需环境：

实现目标

代码原理

实现效果

核心代码

使用示例

代码仓库

实战项目：MyPrint

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js 键盘监听组合键